标签： Asia

亚洲

Renowned Chinese missile expert passes away at 63

One of China’s most decorated ballistic missile experts, Major General Feng Yufang of the People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force, has passed away at the age of 63 following an illness, with his death announced on Monday, April 14, 2026.

Born in January 1963 in Yuyao, a city in China’s eastern Zhejiang Province, Feng spent his early years completing primary and secondary education in his hometown before earning admission to the National University of Defense Technology in Changsha, Hunan in September 1983. There, he specialized in the study of nuclear radiation and corresponding protective technologies, laying the academic foundation for his decades-long career in national defense research. He graduated with a bachelor’s degree in July 1987 and was immediately assigned to a research institute under the PLA Second Artillery Corps, the organizational predecessor of today’s PLA Rocket Force.

Over the course of his tenure at the institute, Feng rose steadily through the professional ranks, focusing his research and development work on core technologies and operational tactics for both conventional and nuclear ballistic missile warheads. In late 2003, he was reassigned to a second institute under the then-PLA Second Artillery Corps Equipment Research Academy, where he remained through the end of 2014. That year, he was appointed senior engineer at the academy’s experimentation center, a role that allowed him to expand his work on cutting-edge warhead testing and validation.

Feng received his promotion to the rank of Major General in the summer of 2006, and not long after, he was tapped to lead a high-level national expert group focused on advancing missile warhead technology. He continued to pursue advanced academic work alongside his military research, earning a doctorate in 2008 from the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology — a leading national institution responsible for the development of both carrier rockets and ballistic missile systems. In 2017, Feng earned one of his field’s highest honors when he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, a distinction reserved for the nation’s top engineering and technology innovators.

Throughout his four-decade career in national defense, Feng’s groundbreaking contributions to the development and deployment of next-generation conventional and nuclear warheads earned him numerous prestigious national awards, multiple honorary professional titles, and widespread recognition from both military and academic circles. Beyond his core research work, Feng also played a key role in national strategic policy: he served as a member of a top-tier national advisory council focused on nuclear arms control issues, and held seats on the 13th and 14th National Committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, contributing his expertise to broader national governance and policy deliberation.

14 4 月, 2026
People fly Kongming lanterns in Jinghong, China’s Yunnan

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14 4 月, 2026
US forces to join combat drills in Philippines to show commitment to Asia while fighting Iran

MANILA, Philippines — One of the largest annual joint military exercises between the United States and the Philippines is set to kick off this spring, bringing over 17,000 personnel from the two treaty allies together for combat training. The drills, organizers say, send a clear signal that Washington remains deeply committed to regional security in the Indo-Pacific even as it navigates ongoing security crises in the Middle East, a senior U.S. military spokesperson confirmed Tuesday.

Running from April 20 to May 8, this year’s iteration of the annual Balikatan – Tagalog for “shoulder-to-shoulder” – drills will mark a major expansion from 2024, when roughly 9,000 U.S. troops took part. Unlike previous years, the 2025 exercise will open participation to additional partner nations that have formal visiting forces agreements with Manila, including Japan, France and Canada.

A centerpiece of the drills will be a live-fire ship-sinking exercise hosted in Philippine waters off the northwest coast, directly facing the disputed South China Sea. Philippine military officials confirmed that Japanese forces will conduct the live missile launch for the drill, and Japan’s top defense official has been extended an invitation to observe the operation in person.

When asked about the strategic purpose of deploying such a large contingent amid ongoing conflict in the Middle East, U.S. forces spokesperson Colonel Robert Bunn emphasized the exercise’s core message. “Our message is our dedication and commitment to our alliance and regional security,” Bunn told reporters during a news briefing. He also noted that counter-drone defense tactics, a critical capability for modern regional security challenges, will be a key focus of the mock combat training scenarios.

The exercises come amid rising long-running tensions over territorial claims in the South China Sea, a strategically vital global shipping waterway. Beijing claims nearly the entirety of the sea as its sovereign territory, overlapping with claims from Manila, Hanoi, Kuala Lumpur, Bandar Seri Begawan and Taipei. Territorial confrontations between Chinese and Philippine forces have intensified sharply in recent years.

China has repeatedly voiced opposition to large-scale military drills led by the U.S. in the disputed region. Philippine defense officials have stressed that the drills are not intended to target any specific nation, but have openly acknowledged that the joint training with Washington and other security partners strengthens the Philippines’ ability to defend its sovereign interests in the contested waters.

The exercise aligns with the Trump administration’s recent regional security posture. During a visit to Manila last year, U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth reaffirmed to Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. that Washington would work closely with regional allies to boost deterrence against global threats, specifically naming China’s assertive actions in the South China Sea. “Friends need to stand shoulder to shoulder to deter conflict, to ensure that there is free navigation whether you call it the South China Sea or the West Philippine Sea,” Hegseth said.

14 4 月, 2026
Stokes shuts down talk of a rift with McCullum after Ashes tensions

LONDON – Months after England’s crushing 4-1 Ashes defeat on Australian soil left the cricket world questioning unity between the side’s star captain and revolutionary head coach, Ben Stokes has pushed back hard against reports of a deep split between himself and Brendon McCullum, calling claims that the pair are out of alignment “a massive overstatement.”

When Stokes and McCullum took charge of the England men’s Test team in 2022, they upended decades of cricket orthodoxy with their “Bazball” philosophy: an unapologetic, all-out attacking approach to batting that produced a string of memorable home wins, but crumbled spectacularly in Australia’s hostile conditions during the 2023-2024 winter series. A post-series review published earlier this year publicly hinted at underlying tension between the two leaders, with leaks indicating Stokes favored a more conservative tactical shift in response to Australia’s dominance, while McCullum insisted on doubling down on their signature aggressive style.

After the review concluded that both men would retain their positions last month, Stokes broke his months-long public silence in an official interview with the England and Wales Cricket Board to address the speculation head-on. The captain acknowledged that the pair do disagree on occasion, but argued that healthy debate is not a sign of a broken partnership – it is a necessary part of building a winning team.

“If anyone thinks that you’re always going to agree on everything when you share leadership, that’s just impossible,” Stokes said. “To me, that isn’t a healthy environment for sport, in particular. You need debate. You need discussions. Then you end up getting to the place you both want to end up getting to.”

Stokes emphasized that the pair’s shared commitment to England’s success far outweighs their rare differences, noting they agree on 95% of all team matters. “As similar as me and Brendon are, we’re also dissimilar in other areas as well,” he explained. “The 5% things that we might have different views on, we talk about it between each other and then we end up getting to the place where we want to get to.”

The captain admitted the period following the Ashes defeat has been the most challenging stretch of his leadership tenure, but confirmed he is thrilled to continue working alongside McCullum, a message he previously shared publicly on social media after the review’s outcome was announced.

Following the review’s recommendations, the pair will make minor adjustments to how they operate as a leadership team – a change Stokes says he fully supports. The captain added that their core alignment has never shifted: both men are focused on making England the best Test side in the world, a goal that has anchored their partnership from the start.

“I’m very confident in mine and Brendon’s ability to be able to work together, because we’ve done it for such a long period of time now, but work together in a slightly different way,” Stokes said. “The main point of me and Brendon is our alignment towards winning things and making this team as good as they can be. That’s always been the thing since we started. It might just look a little bit different now to how that operates — on the back of four years working together.”

Stokes has been sidelined since a freak preseason training accident with his county side Durham left him with a broken cheekbone, and he has not appeared in the 2024 County Championship. He is on track to return to competitive play in May, in preparation for England’s home Test series against New Zealand kicking off in June. Pakistan will visit England for another Test series later this summer, and Australia is scheduled to tour the country for the 2027 Ashes series. Stokes says he hopes he and McCullum will still be leading the side together when that series arrives, chasing the goals they set out when they first took the job.

“Hopefully we’ll still be together at the end of 2027, winning what we want to win,” he said.

14 4 月, 2026
Youth from Vietnam explore Red ties

In a landmark cross-border youth exchange initiative hosted in Guangzhou, the capital of China’s southern Guangdong province, 200 young Vietnamese delegates from diverse professional backgrounds gathered in mid-April 2026 for a three-day “Red Study Tour” designed to deepen understanding of the shared revolutionary history and dynamic cultural connections between China and Vietnam.

Organized by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China, the delegation brought together young participants spanning civil servants, youth league cadres, working journalists, university students, youth advocates, and digital content creators — reflecting the broad cross-section of contemporary Vietnamese youth society.

Over the three-day program from Saturday to Monday, delegates toured a curated lineup of historically significant, cultural, and innovation-focused sites across Guangzhou. These included the former headquarters of the Vietnamese Youth Revolutionary Comrades Association, the resting place of Vietnamese revolutionary martyr Pham Hong Thai, the Memorial Hall of the First National Congress of the Socialist Youth League of China, and the Whampoa Military Academy Memorial Hall — sites that anchor the shared revolutionary legacy of the two nations. The tour also extended to cultural landmarks such as the historic Yongqing Fang old alley district, modern infrastructure at Guangzhou Metro Group, the advanced Fushan Circular Economy Industrial Park, leading Chinese technology enterprises, and popular scenic destinations.

Throughout their visits, participants explored the deep revolutionary camaraderie forged between early Chinese and Vietnamese pioneers who fought side-by-side for national independence and liberation. The experience allowed delegates to gain a more nuanced, personal understanding of the sacrifices that laid the foundation for modern national development in both countries, and to reaffirm the enduring value of bilateral friendship and cooperative partnership.

To strengthen people-to-people connections, the tour included three themed symposiums and a collaborative joint painting project that brought Vietnamese delegates together with local Chinese young people, creating space for open dialogue and relationship-building beyond guided visits.

Huynh Thi Thanh Thuy, the 2022 Miss Vietnam and 2024 Miss International titleholder, who was among the delegates, praised the rich artistic expression and inclusive cultural fusion that defines Lingnan culture, the regional culture of southern China’s Guangdong area. She proposed a new vision for youth-led cross-border cultural collaboration that leverages digital platforms.

“I hope young people from both countries can work together to breathe new life into cultural heritage through digital platforms,” she said. “For example, we could create joint music projects that blend traditional Lingnan and Vietnamese musical instruments with modern harmony and orchestration, or integrate the iconic imagery of Vietnamese ao dai into the traditional architectural spaces of Guangzhou’s Xiguan old mansions. This is how heritage can truly come alive in the hearts of Generation Z.”

Tran Tuan Hiep, a performer of Tuong, Vietnam’s centuries-old traditional theatrical art form, highlighted that both China and Vietnam boast deep-rooted, distinct cultural heritages — noting that Peking Opera holds a similar place as a iconic national cultural treasure in China, mirroring Tuong’s role in Vietnam.

“Having had the opportunity to visit China in person, I am deeply impressed by your country’s outstanding efforts in preserving traditional culture,” he said. “I hope there will be more opportunities for exchanges in the future so that we can learn from each other and jointly protect and develop the traditional arts and cultures of our two countries.”

Vietnamese children’s book author Bui Thi Thu Ha emphasized that cultural and artistic exchange acts as a durable bridge between the two peoples, helping build greater mutual understanding of shared and distinct values, traditions, and national identities.

“Through artistic performances, exhibitions, music, food and other events, we can not only appreciate beauty but also feel the soul, history and way of thinking of each nation,” she said.

The Guangzhou leg of the tour concluded on Monday afternoon, with the delegation set to travel to Beijing to continue their study tour and explore more of China’s cultural and historical heritage, extending what organizers frame as a growing people-to-people partnership between the next generations of the two neighboring nations.

14 4 月, 2026
Lunar soil bears proof of organic matter

A groundbreaking international research collaboration has made a historic discovery: the first confirmed identification of nitrogen-bearing organic compounds in lunar soil, a finding that opens critical new avenues for understanding how life’s chemical precursors spread across the early solar system.

The team, comprising scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of New Mexico, and the Changsha University of Science and Technology, analyzed pristine soil samples collected by China’s Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6 lunar exploration missions to map out the likely pathway that delivered organic materials to the inner solar system via asteroid and comet impacts. Their peer-reviewed results, published April 10, 2026 in the journal *Science Advances*, fills a long-standing gap in scientific knowledge about how the fundamental building blocks of life arrived on early Earth.

Unlike Earth, where constant geological activity and pervasive biological processes have erased most evidence of the planet’s first billion years, the moon has functioned as a well-preserved planetary time capsule. With almost no tectonic or atmospheric activity, the lunar surface retains intact traces of space debris impacts that occurred billions of years ago. While earlier analyses of samples retrieved by NASA’s Apollo missions detected carbon- and hydrogen-based organic compounds on the moon, nitrogen-bearing organics — chemical structures commonly found in asteroids sampled by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx and Japan’s Hayabusa2 missions — had never been confirmed in lunar material before this study.

This new research does more than just confirm the presence of these missing organic compounds: it also reveals how asteroid impacts both deliver and reshape these materials on the lunar surface. Using cutting-edge high-resolution microscopy and specialized light-based analytical tools, the research team verified that the detected organics are composed of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, and show signs of complex chemical reorganization that sets them apart from inert, simple graphitized carbon.

Dong Mingtan, lead author of the study and a doctoral candidate at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Geology and Geophysics, explained that the team identified amide functional groups in a subset of the samples — chemical structures that are a fundamental component of key biological molecules such as proteins. This discovery, Dong noted, confirms that the organic materials have undergone complex chemical restructuring that brings them closer to the type of organic molecules that can be used as building blocks for life.

To trace the origin of the organics, the team analyzed isotopic ratios — unique elemental “fingerprints” that reveal a material’s geological and cosmic history. They found that the lunar organics had a lighter isotopic signature than organics found in intact asteroids, a pattern consistent with a process of vaporization and redeposition. When an asteroid collides with the moon, the extreme heat generated by the impact vaporizes organic molecules, which then cool and settle back into the cold lunar surface, leaving this distinct isotopic trace.

To eliminate any doubt that the organic compounds could have come from contamination after the samples were brought to Earth, the team tested for evidence of solar wind implantation, a process where charged particles from the sun bombard the lunar surface over millions of years, leaving a unique chemical marker that can only form off-Earth.

Hao Jialong, senior engineer at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics and the study’s corresponding author, confirmed that the presence of this marker confirms the organics were exposed on the lunar surface for an extended period, definitively ruling out terrestrial contamination.

Overall, the study outlines a complete lifecycle for organic materials on the moon: delivery via impacts from small solar system bodies, structural reshaping by the heat and force of those impacts, and final modification by long-term exposure to solar radiation. The research team announced that the same analytical framework developed for this project will be applied to samples collected by China’s upcoming Tianwen 2 mission, which is scheduled to return asteroid samples to Earth by the end of 2027.

14 4 月, 2026
US familiar with Australia, Paraguay and Turkey in World Cup Group D

As the 2026 FIFA World Cup nears its kickoff, all eyes are turning to Group D, where co-host the United States will face three familiar foes: Australia, Paraguay, and Turkey. The U.S. men’s national team has already squared off against each of their group stage opponents in international friendlies over the past 12 months – dropping a 2-1 decision to Turkey last June, before securing identical 2-1 wins over Australia and Paraguay that fall.

All Group D matches will be contested across western North America, with host venues spread across Vancouver, British Columbia; Seattle, Washington; Santa Clara, California (located south of San Francisco); and Inglewood, California, adjacent to Los Angeles. Group D is one of just four 2026 World Cup groups that will play all their matches within a single time zone, joining Group G (also based on the U.S. West Coast) and Groups C and I, which are hosted entirely on the East Coast.

For the U.S. side, the tournament brings mixed expectations as the team chases a historic deep run on home soil. Ranked 16th in the world entering the tournament, the Americans benefit from their seeding as a co-host, and have been drawn in a manageable group that opens against 27th-ranked Australia, followed by matches against 40th-ranked Paraguay and 22nd-ranked Turkey. Still, the squad faces notable structural weaknesses: analysts widely agree this is the shallowest, weakest goalkeeper cohort the U.S. has fielded since the 1980s, and only one starting-caliber central defender, Chris Richards, plies his trade in a top European league. The team’s biggest star, Christian Pulisic, has struggled for form ahead of the tournament, entering April mired in a scoring drought that has stretched all the way back to 2024, when he last found the back of the net in international play. Two key veterans from the 2022 World Cup squad – midfielder Tyler Adams and right back Sergiño Dest, who were part of the team that fell to the Netherlands in the 2022 Round of 16 – are also managing persistent fitness issues heading into the opening match.

It has been nearly a century since the U.S. last reached a World Cup semifinal, a milestone the 1930 inaugural tournament squad achieved, and more than two decades since the Americans last advanced to the quarterfinals. The 2002 side, fueled by young breakout talents Landon Donovan and DaMarcus Beasley, remains the last U.S. team to make a deep tournament run. Following the U.S.’s early group stage exit at the 2024 Copa America, veteran manager Mauricio Pochettino stepped in to replace former head coach Gregg Berhalter, tasked with unlocking the young squad’s potential on home soil.

Group D’s third-ranked side by FIFA ranking, Turkey, is making a long-awaited return to soccer’s biggest stage. Nicknamed the Crescent Stars, Turkey shocked global soccer fans with a semifinal run at the 2002 World Cup and repeated the deep run performance at the 2008 European Championship, but had failed to qualify for five consecutive World Cup tournaments before breaking that drought this cycle. They secured their 2026 spot with a playoff win over Kosovo, marking just the third World Cup appearance in the nation’s history – their first came back in 1954.

Led by head coach Vincenzo Montella, a former star striker for Roma who took over the national side in September 2023 after replacing Stefan Kuntz, Turkey has already proven its ability to compete at the top level: Montella steered the team to a quarterfinal finish at the 2024 European Championship, after hard-fought playoff wins over both Romania and Kosovo to earn World Cup qualification. Up top, Turkey’s attack is led by captain Hakan Çalhanoğlu, who has notched 22 international goals for his country, and winger Kerem Aktürkoğlu, who has 15 career international goals – including the game-winner that sealed their spot against Kosovo. Turkey has not faced Australia since 2004, and has only ever played Paraguay once, back in 1995, leaving tactical unknowns for all sides ahead of their group matchups.

Paraguay, meanwhile, is also making a return to the World Cup after a 16-year absence. La Albirroja secured the sixth and final automatic qualifying spot from CONMEBOL, South America’s confederation, with a scoreless draw against Ecuador to lock in their place, returning to the tournament for the first time since the 2010 edition. This will mark Paraguay’s ninth World Cup appearance in program history, and their best ever finish came during that last 2010 run, when they advanced all the way to the quarterfinals before falling 1-0 to eventual champion Spain on an 83rd-minute goal from David Villa.

Paraguay’s squad balances veteran leadership and exciting young talent. 32-year-old playmaker Miguel Almirón and 30-year-old striker Antonio Sanabria anchor the attacking line, while 22-year-old Julio Enciso and 23-year-old Diego Gómez bring fresh energy and pace to the squad as the next generation of Paraguayan soccer talent. Like the U.S., Paraguay made a late managerial change after a poor showing at the 2024 Copa America: Gustavo Alfaro took over from former coach Daniel Garnero after the team finished winless with three losses in the 2024 tournament.

Completing Group D is Australia, the Socceroos, who enter the tournament fresh off their best World Cup performance in decades at the 2022 edition. After four consecutive early group stage exits, Australia defied expectations in 2022, picking up group stage wins over Tunisia and Denmark to advance to the knockout round, where they pushed eventual champion Argentina all the way before falling 2-1 in the Round of 16.

Australia’s squad is led by veteran goalkeeper Matthew Ryan, who will become one of the few players in World Cup history to feature in four consecutive tournaments when he takes the pitch this year. The Socceroos also made a late managerial change during qualifying: former national team defender Tony Popovic took over from long-time coach Graham Arnold in September 2024, after inconsistent qualifying results that included a home loss to Bahrain and a draw against Indonesia. Arnold, who had served two separate stints as Socceroos head coach, was hired to take over the Iraqi national team in May 2025.

14 4 月, 2026
HK well-placed to boost AI cooperation

As artificial intelligence continues to transform global industries and deepen existing digital gaps between developed and developing regions, Hong Kong is emerging as a critical linchpin to drive collaborative AI advancement across the Asia-Pacific and advance more equitable, inclusive digital growth, according to senior policymakers and industry leaders gathered at the World Internet Conference Asia-Pacific Summit. The high-level event kicked off Monday at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, bringing together global stakeholders to chart a cooperative path forward for responsible AI development.

Zhuang Rongwen, director of the Cyberspace Administration of China and chairman of the World Internet Conference, highlighted that the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) holds unparalleled advantages for advancing cross-border digital exchange and partnership. Built on Hong Kong’s longstanding status as a global hub for shipping, international trade and finance, its unique position as a strategic gateway connecting mainland China with the global economy creates natural synergies for AI collaboration that no other regional center can match.

“Across the Asia-Pacific, nations and regions have universally embraced digital transformation as a core strategy to unlock new growth opportunities and strengthen their global competitive edge,” Zhuang noted, adding that the fast-expanding digital economy has become one of the most dynamic bright spots driving regional integration and cooperation. “China remains fully committed to sharing the opportunities created by its own digital development with countries around the world,” he said.

Hong Kong Chief Executive John Lee Ka-chiu emphasized that hosting the WIC Asia-Pacific Summit underscores the city’s growing global reputation as an international innovation and technology hub, while strengthening the city’s deep integration into national development strategies.

Lee shared that the Hong Kong Park of the Hetao Shenzhen-Hong Kong Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Zone, which opened to the public last December, has already drawn more than 70 tenants specializing in high-growth sectors including artificial intelligence and data science. Spanning 0.87 square kilometers on the Hong Kong side and 3.02 square kilometers in Shenzhen, the cross-boundary cooperation zone is pioneering new frameworks to enable seamless movement of research materials and other critical innovation resources across the Hong Kong-mainland border, unlocking new potential for collaborative AI research and development.

Artificial intelligence sits at the core of Hong Kong’s broader innovation and technology development strategy, Lee noted, pointing to the city’s third-place global ranking in the Global AI Competitiveness Index, behind only New York and London. Even as the city leverages its competitive advantages in AI, Lee cautioned that the transformative power of the technology must be balanced by a commitment to responsible, inclusive deployment. “Technology is ultimately a tool, and it can only deliver maximum public benefit when rooted in a spirit of cross-border cooperation and shared creativity,” he said.

John Hoffman, CEO of GSMA Ltd, echoed this perspective, stressing that the future trajectory of AI will not be shaped by a single organization, industry, region or individual. Cross-border collaboration, he argued, is the most effective path to closing the persistent digital and economic divides that threaten to leave vulnerable communities behind in the AI transition. Hoffman added that China, including the HKSAR, holds a unique position to take a global leadership role in AI development, and its decades of experience driving innovative digital growth can serve as a model for nations around the world.

Sun Dong, Secretary for Innovation, Technology and Industry of the HKSAR, observed that AI is entering an unprecedented new frontier driven by the rapid rise of autonomous AI agents, and the Hong Kong government is closely tracking the technology’s rapid evolution. While AI agents hold great promise for expanding AI applications across every major industry, Sun noted that they also introduce new, untested security risks that require proactive governance. “The Hong Kong SAR government’s approach to AI development and regulation is clear: innovation and progress must go hand in hand with thoughtful, risk-based regulation,” he said.

Samuel Migal, Minister of Investments, Regional Development and Informatization of Slovakia, echoed the call for coordinated global governance, noting that as digital and AI technology advances at breakneck speed, the shared global challenge is building fit-for-purpose new governance frameworks to guide development. While Migal acknowledged that different countries and regions will naturally adopt tailored regulatory models that match their own needs, he stressed that regulatory fragmentation cannot be the end result of global AI governance.

The summit has positioned Hong Kong to capitalize on its unique geographic, economic and technological advantages to bring together diverse AI stakeholders from across the Asia-Pacific and beyond, laying the groundwork for more inclusive, responsible AI growth that benefits all regions.

14 4 月, 2026
Primary healthcare to get shot in arm

China is rolling out an ambitious national plan to revamp its tiered healthcare system, placing unprecedented focus on expanding primary-level medical capacity to better handle common ailments and chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes, according to Chinese health authorities.

The sweeping reform package was formally detailed in a guidance document released last week by the General Office of the State Council, with the core goal of meeting public demand for accessible, high-quality medical care close to patients’ home communities.

Under the new framework, policymakers will prioritize closing gaps in geographic access to basic care by guaranteeing every residential neighborhood is served by a fully functional community health center. The three-tier national hospital system will also be restructured to better align institutional capacity with patient needs: secondary hospitals, which occupy the middle tier of the system, will expand their ability to treat routine illnesses while growing specialized services in rehabilitation, long-term nursing, palliative care, integrated medical care and elderly care support.

Tertiary, or top-tier, hospitals will shift their core focus to treating severe, complex and life-threatening conditions, while enhancing services for patients referred from lower-level facilities, those requiring multidisciplinary specialist consultations, and those needing inpatient care. To optimize the use of limited high-quality medical resources, these leading hospitals will gradually phase out routine outpatient services, including follow-up appointments for well-managed stable chronic conditions and common disease consultations that can be handled closer to patients’ homes.

A key structural upgrade outlined in the document is the expansion and improvement of integrated medical consortia — collaborative networks that connect large top-tier hospitals with smaller grassroots medical institutions. The plan calls for establishing shared resource centers within these consortia for medical imaging, diagnostic testing, equipment sterilization, laboratory analysis and pharmaceutical supply, to eliminate resource duplication and bring higher-quality services to primary care settings.

To incentivize patients to seek their initial diagnosis at the primary level, the guidance requires top-tier hospitals within consortia to open dedicated outpatient clinics for common chronic conditions — including hypertension, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease — directly at primary-level institutions. Specialist expert clinics will also be extended to grassroots facilities, and eligible patients with stable chronic diseases will now be able to receive long-term prescriptions covering up to 12 weeks of medication in a single primary care visit, eliminating the need for frequent repeat appointments.

To further boost grassroots capacity, the plan mandates regular rotations of senior medical professionals to primary and rural facilities, and the deployment of additional mobile medical teams to serve regions with historically limited access to care.

Addressing reporters at a Monday press conference, National Health Commission deputy director Zheng Zhe shared that China’s existing primary care network has already made substantial progress. As of 2026, the country hosts more than 1.1 million healthcare institutions, and over 90 percent of Chinese residents can reach a qualified medical service provider within a 15-minute travel radius. In 2025 alone, primary-level institutions recorded 5.56 billion patient visits, accounting for 52.6 percent of all patient visits nationwide.

From 2020 to 2025, the volume of two-way patient referrals between large tertiary hospitals and smaller grassroots facilities grew by more than 50 percent, a trend that Zheng said reflects growing systemic coordination and improved convenience for patients.

Jiao Yahui, head of the NHC’s primary health department, added that primary care institutions already deliver more than 1 billion services annually to high-priority groups including the elderly, children and people living with chronic diseases. In 2025, grassroots facilities across China set up more than 370,000 hospital beds for home-based care, and issued 190 million long-term prescriptions for chronic disease patients.

Aligning with the new guidance, Jiao outlined that future efforts will focus on expanding chronic disease management capacity at the primary level, while also upgrading grassroots capabilities in pediatrics, rehabilitation, mental health, and ear, nose and throat care. “We will ensure that rural and community clinics have regular access to medical staff from higher-level hospitals, and that grassroots medical workers get structured training opportunities at top-tier hospitals,” Jiao said, noting that policymakers will also explore broader adoption of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic tools in primary care settings to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.

14 4 月, 2026
Novel plant-derived protein puts insect-resistant ‘armor’ on crops

BEIJING – A groundbreaking naturally occurring insecticidal protein sourced from common plants is transitioning from lab discovery to large-scale agricultural application, marking a major milestone in China’s homegrown crop protection technology, according to a recent report from Science and Technology Daily.

Discovered and developed by the Institute of Cotton Research (ICR) under the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the new protein, named iJAZ, offers a fully independent and controllable new pathway for breeding insect-resistant staple crops. To accelerate commercial rollout of the innovation, ICR has entered into a collaborative development agreement with Guangxi Tianyuan Biochemistry Co., Ltd. The partnership will focus on integrating the iJAZ technology into insect-resistant breeding programs for four high-value major crops: cotton, soybean, eucalyptus, and sugarcane, with the goal of making the novel insect-resistant approach widely accessible to global agriculture.

Unlike many synthetic or engineered insecticidal traits, iJAZ occurs naturally in a range of everyday plant species, including cotton, pumpkin, and durian. What sets the protein apart from the current industry standard, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal protein, is its completely unique mechanism of action and structural characteristics. Unlike Bt proteins that are constitutively expressed in modified crop tissues, iJAZ remains inactive in plant cells under normal, undamaged conditions. Only when targeted chewing pests begin feeding on plant leaves and causing tissue damage does the protein activate: it then specifically identifies and binds tightly to unique receptor sites found only in the pests’ digestive tracts, triggering its potent lethal effect.

Independent research data from ICR’s trials confirms the protein’s extraordinary efficacy: it achieves a 99.33 percent resistance rate against cotton bollworm larvae, one of the most destructive and costly pests for global cotton production. Structurally, iJAZ is just one-tenth the molecular size of conventional Bt proteins, a key advantage that allows both iJAZ and Bt proteins to be stacked in the same crop variety. This combined application provides a long-sought solution to one of the most pressing challenges facing modern agricultural biotechnology: the widespread degradation of Bt protein efficacy as pests develop cross-resistance over decades of widespread use.

To complement the discovery of iJAZ, ICR researchers have also developed a cutting-edge high-efficiency genetic transformation system designed to streamline the integration of the iJAZ trait into elite commercial crop varieties. The new system leverages direct shoot regeneration from the apical stem cells of seeds, cutting the traditional transformation cycle dramatically: what previously took between 6 and 8 months to complete now only requires 2 to 3 months. Even more significantly, the new system overcomes the long-standing genotype barrier that has limited the speed of crop breeding, allowing scientists to directly add insect-resistant protection to existing top-performing commercial varieties rather than breeding new varieties from scratch. This tailored approach drastically accelerates the development and release of new insect-resistant crop varieties for farmers.

To date, the combined iJAZ and transformation technology system has already been successfully adapted and tested across a diverse range of additional crop species, including peanut, cucumber, and cowpea, demonstrating its broad applicability to global agricultural production.

14 4 月, 2026