标签： Europe

In a landmark decision that underscores the growing rift between Jerusalem and Ankara, Israel’s Cabinet voted unanimously on Sunday to advance a formal recognition of the 1915 mass killing of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War I as a genocide. The groundbreaking proposal, which still requires a final vote of approval in Israel’s parliament the Knesset, marks a major shift from decades of Israeli policy that avoided formal classification to protect diplomatic relations with Turkey.

Scholars widely accept that roughly 1.5 million Armenians were systematically killed between 1915 and 1917, an event most historians label as the first systematic genocide of the 20th century. For more than a century, successive Turkish governments have rejected the genocide label, arguing the death toll is exaggerated and that the casualties stemmed from widespread civil conflict and regional unrest, not a coordinated campaign of extermination. Turkey has also lobbied aggressively against formal recognition by governments across the globe, while Armenian communities and advocacy groups have spent decades pushing for international acknowledgment of the atrocities.

For generations, Israeli leaders avoided taking an official stance out of diplomatic caution, but the once-closely strategic alliance between Israel and Turkey has eroded steadily over the past 20 years, with tensions accelerating sharply in recent years amid ongoing conflicts in Gaza, Lebanon and tensions with Iran. Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar, who sponsored the cabinet resolution, delivered sharp criticism of Turkey’s longstanding denial campaign following Sunday’s vote.

“Despite the extensive and unambiguous historical documentation, the Armenian Genocide remains to this day the subject of an institutionalized campaign of denial and minimization, including a manipulative rewriting of history, mainly by the Turkish government,” Saar told the cabinet. He added that multiple senior Israeli leaders, including current Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, have previously characterized the 1915 violence as genocide, but no formal government vote had ever enshrined that designation into official Israeli policy.

Calling formal recognition “a moral and historical duty,” Saar noted that 32 other countries, including the United States, Syria and Lebanon, have already formally classified the atrocities as a genocide. As of Sunday evening, it remained unclear when the cabinet-approved proposal would be brought to the Knesset for a final vote, and there was no immediate public response from Turkish authorities following the cabinet’s announcement.

Analysts trace the shift in Israel’s position to the steady deterioration of bilateral relations after Recep Tayyip Erdogan took power as Turkey’s president, with Erdogan’s increasingly Islamist foreign policy and open support for Palestinian armed groups pushing ties between the two countries to their lowest point in decades.

The vote comes as Israel itself faces widespread international accusations, including from a United Nations-appointed independent expert panel, that its ongoing military offensive in the Gaza Strip constitutes genocide. Israel, which was founded in the aftermath of the Nazi Holocaust that killed six million European Jews, has forcefully rejected these accusations, calling the claims baseless and antisemitic. Last week, the UN expert panel released a report accusing Israeli forces of deliberately targeting children in Gaza and repeated the genocide allegations, prompting Israeli officials to dismiss the document as a “libelous sham.”

Israel launched its current military campaign in Gaza in response to the October 7, 2023, attack carried out by Hamas that killed roughly 1,200 people, most of them civilians, and took roughly 250 hostages. Gaza’s Hamas-run Ministry of Health reports that more than 73,000 people have been killed in Israeli strikes to date, approximately half of whom are women and children. Israeli officials maintain they do not intentionally target civilian populations, and accuse Hamas of operating military infrastructure in densely populated civilian areas and using residents as human shields.

In the capital city of Tirana, Albania, a weeks-long grassroots protest movement has captured international attention, uniting citizens across generations against a luxury coastal development project tied to Jared Kushner, former U.S. President Donald Trump’s son-in-law. Dubbed the “Flamingo Revolution” for the iconic pink cardboard cutouts carried by demonstrators, the movement targets a two-part construction plan: a boutique resort on the untouched, uninhabited island of Sazan, and a large coastal buildout in Narta Lagoon — a protected wildlife reserve that serves as a critical habitat for flocks of migratory flamingos and dozens of other wetland species.

For weeks, thousands of protesters have gathered each evening to march through Tirana’s streets, turning a local environmental dispute into a nationwide movement demanding greater government transparency, an end to elite-linked corruption, and the resignation of Prime Minister Edi Rama. Unlike many of Albania’s partisan political demonstrations over its 30-plus years of post-communist democracy, this movement remains fully independent of any political party, a feature that organizers say has helped foster widespread public trust and cross-community solidarity.

At the heart of the movement’s visual identity is the work of Fatma Paja, a 28-year-old Tirana-based artist who runs a creative studio with her sisters. Paja leads a collective of local artists that produces the thousands of pink flamingo cutouts that have become the protest’s defining symbol. Even on protest days, she can be found painting foam cutouts ahead of the evening march, while her group organizes art activities for the children of participating parents to remove barriers to attendance. “I have long used art as a way to speak out against the injustices and frustrations that ordinary Albanians face every day,” Paja explained in an interview with the Associated Press ahead of a late June 2026 rally.

During marches, Paja leads crowds in chants that have become the movement’s rallying cries: “Albania is not for sale!” and “Don’t touch Narta!” For Paja and many other participants, the objection goes beyond environmental harm: she calls the project an elitist initiative that would permanently destroy a fully protected ecosystem, with no verified environmental impact assessment and no clear legal foundation to approve construction. Still, she remains optimistic about the movement’s impact, noting that the protest has already re-energized grassroots civic engagement across the country. “This protest has motivated people to speak up and push back,” she said. “Because it is not tied to any political party, it has built real trust and solidarity between all of us who are here.”

One of the movement’s earliest organizers is Arben Kola, a 46-year-old tour guide who has led visitors through Albania’s natural and historic sites — including the Narta Lagoon region — for more than a decade. In recent years, Albania has seen a booming tourism boom driven by its vast, undeveloped Adriatic coastline, a draw that even caught the attention of Kushner and his wife Ivanka Trump. Ivanka Trump revealed on a recent podcast that the couple discovered the development site while stopping for a swim during a private boat trip with friends.

For Kola, the project is just the latest example of the Albanian government’s pattern of abusing power to hand over public natural lands to wealthy, connected interests, and he decided to join the movement in its earliest days. “Albania is facing a crisis of deep corruption, where public land — our coasts, valleys, rivers and beaches — is being privatized and given away for next to nothing,” Kola said during an interview while leading a tour through central Tirana. Today, he serves as a key crowd organizer, addressing thousands of marchers through a loudspeaker each evening. He told reporters he never expected the small initial protest to grow into a nationwide movement. “We didn’t believe the protest would reach this size,” he said, noting that the movement’s future remains in the hands of the participating public.

Environmental activists have warned that the project would cause irreversible damage to Narta Lagoon’s delicate, pristine ecosystem, a claim that has resonated with citizens already frustrated by a long pattern of unregulated development that ignores environmental protection rules. While Prime Minister Rama has dismissed environmental concerns as misinformation, framing the project as a sign that Albania is now attracting major international investment after decades of being overlooked by global capital, protesters say construction has already begun: heavy machinery and excavators have already started clearing land inside the protected reserve, even before a formal environmental impact assessment has been completed.

Rama has confirmed Kushner’s involvement in the project, though the exact scope of his investment role remains unclear. The prime minister has claimed that no formal environmental assessment can begin until the project’s final plans are completed, and that international architects and environmental specialists are still refining the proposal. Albania’s national anti-corruption agency has already launched an investigation into the project’s approval process. While the government claims the land is now privately owned, competing legal claims over the original privatization process have already emerged.

What makes the Flamingo Revolution stand out from past Albanian protest movements is its broad intergenerational participation: alongside thousands of young demonstrators, growing numbers of retirees have joined the nightly marches. Among the most beloved figures is 70-year-old Bujare Ishmi, a former engineer who has become the movement’s unofficial matriarch. Protesters greet her with chants of “Nona! Nona!” — an Albanian term of endearment for a beloved older grandmother — as she arrives each evening, carrying a handwritten placard that reads: “You have the power of crime, we have the power of truth.”

Ishmi, whose husband was a political prisoner during Enver Hoxha’s 40-year communist regime, says she has waited decades for a grassroots movement like this, describing Albania’s current political system as a “half-hearted democracy.” She stresses that she and other older protesters are not opposed to foreign investment in general — their core demand is greater transparency and respect for environmental protections. “Investment brings progress, but we have to choose the right locations and follow all the rules to protect our land,” she explained.

As the protest enters its eighth consecutive week, the Flamingo Revolution continues to draw thousands of participants, turning a local dispute over a coastal wetland into a national referendum on corruption, transparency, and the future of Albania’s most precious natural landscapes.

On a sweltering July day in 2024, the rolling grounds of Chequers, the British prime minister’s official countryside retreat, played host to a momentous occasion: the first formal welcome of an international leader by newly installed UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer. His guest was Simon Harris, the freshly elected Taoiseach of Ireland, turning a routine bilateral meeting into a symbolic marker of the new UK government’s foreign policy priorities.

Inside the residence’s Hawtrey Room, the two newly inaugurated heads of government held an informal, warm discussion alongside their most senior advisors. On the UK side, Downing Street Chief of Staff Sue Gray and Cabinet Secretary Simon Case were in attendance, and the conversation veered from formal policy to personal anecdotes. Starmer shared the story of a Donegal Gaelic football jersey he had picked up during his honeymoon in Ireland, noting he still pulls the garment on for local five-a-side matches. Charmed by the story, Harris presented Starmer with a brand-new official Donegal jersey as a ceremonial gift, capping the lighthearted opening to the talks.

Beyond the pleasantries, the core of the meeting centered on mending a relationship fractured by years of Brexit upheaval. Both leaders jointly pledged a full “reset” of British-Irish ties, which had deteriorated dramatically during the years of Brexit negotiations and Conservative-led governments. While former Conservative Prime Minister Rishi Sunak had made tentative efforts to rekindle cooperation, intractable domestic political pressures derailed his efforts. Starmer’s incoming Labour government had long prioritized rebuilding working relationships with key European Union allies, and Ireland’s spot as the first international guest at Chequers sent a clear signal of this commitment. That said, Starmer’s final months in office were already overshadowed by growing domestic controversy over the Peter Mandelson affair, linking the former UK ambassador to convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.

As Starmer neared his planned departure from 10 Downing Street, senior Irish ministers from the two ruling coalition parties, Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael, offered largely positive assessments of his tenure’s approach to Anglo-Irish relations. Speaking to BBC Northern Ireland, ministers who had worked with Starmer and his team over the past two years praised his consistent, firm stance on supporting Ukraine and engaging constructively with the EU, noting he had avoided unnecessary confrontations and refused to engage with provocative rhetoric from former US President Donald Trump. One minister drew a favorable contrast between the struggling British economy Starmer inherited and the stabilized growth seen by the end of his term, while another acknowledged that Brexit had created unavoidable long-term challenges that no prime minister could quickly fix. All agreed that Starmer had worked constructively with Dublin, but Irish officials have voiced growing concerns that incoming prime minister Andy Burnham will be pulled away from Irish affairs by pressing domestic issues, including pressure from the right-wing Reform Party and ongoing economic turbulence.

Burnham, who is on track to succeed Starmer as UK prime minister following Starmer’s recent announcement of his resignation, already has deep existing ties to Ireland. His great-grandfather Edmund “Ned” Burke emigrated from Drogheda, County Louth, to Liverpool in the late 19th century, giving him direct family roots in the country. Burnham has already held multiple formal meetings with current Taoiseach Micheál Martin both in Dublin’s government buildings and in Manchester, where he served for years as mayor. Senior Irish officials also note that key members of Burnham’s inner circle already have deep familiarity with Irish politics: Louise Haigh, a leading figure in Burnham’s political network who served as shadow Northern Ireland secretary during the final stages of Brexit negotiations, already has established relationships with most major Irish political figures, and is widely expected to take a senior cabinet position in the new Burnham administration. Irish political observers note that the policy differences between Starmer and Burnham on Irish affairs are vanishingly small, though they warn that public support for Burnham could erode quickly once he takes office amid broader economic pressures.

The only remaining unresolved sticking point in the modern British-Irish relationship centers on legacy matters from the decades of Northern Ireland’s Troubles. The previous Conservative government passed the 2023 Legacy Act, which included a controversial provision granting conditional immunity to Troubles crime perpetrators in exchange for cooperation with the new Independent Commission for Reconciliation and Information Recovery. Starmer’s Labour government came into power promising to repeal the act and replace it with a new framework aligned with the joint agreement London and Dublin had previously negotiated. The new bill has already passed an initial House of Commons vote stripping out the conditional immunity clause, but Dublin has grown concerned that the full legislation has fallen down the UK’s priority list ahead of the leadership transition. While Irish officials remain hopeful that the recent positive momentum in bilateral relations will continue under the new prime minister, they acknowledge that pressing domestic and national challenges in the UK will almost certainly push Irish affairs down the new government’s list of immediate priorities.

After 16 years of conservative leadership under former prime minister Viktor Orban, Budapest marked a historic moment for LGBTQ+ rights activists and allies this week, hosting the capital’s first Pride parade since the dissolution of Orban’s government. Thousands of participants from across Hungary and neighboring countries filled the city’s central streets, carrying rainbow flags, homemade signs calling for equal legal protection, and chanting demands for greater social inclusion.

The march comes on the heels of a recent national election that unseated Orban’s long-ruling Fidesz party, ending one of Europe’s most high-profile conservative administrations that had implemented a series of policies targeting LGBTQ+ communities, including restrictions on same-sex marriage adoption rights and public gender-affirming education. Organizers of the event framed the gathering as both a celebration of the political transition and a call to action for the new incoming government to deliver on promised equality reforms.

Witnesses reported a joyful, energetic atmosphere, with participants of all ages joining the procession from Budapest’s historic city center to a public park on the Danube riverbank, where community groups hosted booths offering resources, live performances, and discussions about policy priorities for the LGBTQ+ community moving forward. While the new government has not yet released a full timeline for equality legislation, many attendees expressed cautious optimism that the end of Orban’s tenure opens a new chapter of progress for marginalized groups in Hungary.