标签: Asia

亚洲

  • India: Why a country of 1.4 billion is not in the football World Cup

    India: Why a country of 1.4 billion is not in the football World Cup

    As the 2026 FIFA World Cup kicked off last week, one age-old question has resurfaced across Indian football circles, echoing the quiet frustration that fans of the Blue Tigers — India’s men’s national football team — have grown accustomed to over decades of disappointment.

    India has never advanced beyond the preliminary qualifying rounds of Asian Zone qualifiers for the World Cup, making the question of when (or if) the country will ever compete on soccer’s biggest global stage one of the most familiar refrains in the nation’s sporting discourse. The bitter irony, though, is impossible to miss: even without a national team competing in the tournament, the World Cup is celebrated with fevered passion across football-mad Indian states including West Bengal, Kerala, and Goa, and a growing cohort of accredited Indian journalists travel to cover the event in person every edition.

    “We constantly get asked in the press box whether India even plays football. Most global observers only know us as a cricket nation,” joked a veteran Indian football reporter who has covered four World Cups.

    India is not alone in its drought: neighboring China, the world’s second most populous nation, also failed to qualify for this year’s tournament. Still, FIFA has not overlooked the massive untapped market potential of both countries, dispatching a senior media rights delegation to India at the eleventh hour to lock in a live broadcast deal for the 2026 tournament, ensuring the matches reach millions of hungry Indian viewers.

    So, is a World Cup berth still an unreachable goal for Indian football? For Baichung Bhutia, former national team captain and one of the most iconic figures in Indian football history, a spot at the World Cup is not impossible — but it cannot be achieved through quick fixes.

    “Yes, India can absolutely qualify for the World Cup, nothing is impossible. The expanded 48-team format has increased the Asian quota to eight spots, plus a ninth for Iraq via the inter-confederation play-off this year, and teams like Uzbekistan and Jordan have already taken advantage of that opportunity. But getting there will require massive, consistent hard work,” Bhutia explained.

    Bhutia added that the country’s huge population means talent is not the bottleneck. “What we lack is the right development ecosystem. We do not have a serious, long-term focused grassroots football programme. Football is the world’s most popular team sport, and we have to give sustained development time to deliver results,” he said.

    Seventy-eight-year-old Shyam Thapa, who helped India claim bronze at the 1970 Asian Games — the nation’s last major continental football success — echoed Bhutia’s call for long-term grassroots investment, stressing that the foundation of success starts with getting more children involved in the sport. The former striker, famous for his iconic bicycle-kick goals, made no effort to hide his frustration with the current status quo, noting that middle and upper-middle-class parents across India increasingly push their children toward cricket rather than football, lured by the prospect of lucrative contracts in the Indian Premier League (IPL) cricket tournament.

    “I’ve run a youth academy for years, and I can confirm that the more children that play the game, the higher our chances of uncovering elite talent. But what has the All India Football Federation (AIFF) done to build this kind of system from the ground up?” Thapa asked. “Parents need to understand that a professional football career can also be very financially rewarding,” he added.

    A closer look at the nine Asian nations that qualified for the 2026 World Cup underscores just how steep the climb is for India. The qualified sides include Australia, Iran, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Uzbekistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq, with Jordan and Uzbekistan making their long-awaited World Cup debuts this year. Both debutants sit well above India in the current FIFA global rankings: Uzbekistan at 52nd and Jordan at 63rd, while India has plummeted to 136th after a steep 18-month decline.

    These rankings lay bare the scale of the challenge facing Indian football. When Kalyan Chaubey, the first former professional player to take the helm as AIFF president, took office in 2022, he struck a pragmatic tone: “I will not sell fans a dream that India will qualify for the World Cup in eight years. Instead, I promise to move Indian football forward from its current poor state.” Nearly four years later, progress remains elusive, with many critics arguing the AIFF has become a laughingstock over the past three years rather than driving rapid improvement.

    The Indian Super League (ISL), the domestic club competition launched in 2014 with massive fanfare and investment from business, Bollywood, and cricket figures, was once hailed as a catalyst for growth. The professionally run league attracted top foreign talent and grew a loyal fanbase, but its future is now deeply uncertain. The most recent ISL season was severely delayed after the AIFF failed to attract any commercial partnership bidders, leaving hundreds of professional players in limbo and sparking widespread public criticism. The federation ultimately was forced to run a shortened season without any commercial sponsors, and is now back to square one planning for the next campaign.

    Against this backdrop, Chaubey’s ambitious 2047 Vision — which pledged to bring 35 million children into organised football — increasingly looks like a forgotten campaign promise, with the gap between lofty strategic targets and on-field results growing wider by the year.

    A brief bright spot came in 2023, when the senior men’s national team climbed back into FIFA’s top 100 after winning an invitational tournament and the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Championship. But those hard-won gains have since evaporated. After raising hopes that India would reach the third round of 2026 World Cup Asian qualifiers for the first time in history, the team fell short, and later failed dramatically to qualify for next year’s AFC Asian Cup.

    For the near term, consistent qualification for the 24-team AFC Asian Cup is widely seen as the logical immediate priority for Indian football. In an off-the-record conversation with reporters several years ago, former national captain Sunil Chhetri, who came out of retirement in 2025, argued that the national program must set realistic, incremental goals.

    “We need to take this one step at a time. Right now, our goal should be to qualify for every AFC Asian Cup, because that will give us regular opportunities to play against stronger, higher-ranked opposition. Once we can establish ourselves among the top 15 to 20 teams in Asia, only then can we start aiming for a World Cup spot,” Chhetri said.

    For the moment, the short-term outlook remains gloomy, though AIFF leadership has pushed for a key policy change that could shift the trajectory of the national team: allowing overseas citizens of India (OCI cardholders) to represent India. Currently, players of Indian origin holding foreign passports must renounce their citizenship to play for India, a rule that Australia-born Ryan Williams already followed to impressive effect, delivering strong results after switching his international allegiance.

    If the rule change is approved, it could deliver a significant boost to the national team. Notably, four players of Indian origin are competing at this year’s World Cup for other nations: Tahsin Mohammed for Qatar, Nishan Velupillay for Australia, Sarpreet Singh for New Zealand, and Samuel Moutoussamy for Congo.

    For now, though, that change remains a distant possibility. Until India qualifies, Indian fans will once again watch the World Cup from the sidelines, cheering on global superstars like Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo, and marveling at the achievement of tiny Curaçao, the smallest nation ever to qualify for the tournament. The unavoidable question will linger in the back of every fan’s mind: If Curaçao can do it, why can’t India?

  • Israeli press casts emerging US-Iran deal as a strategic defeat for Netanyahu

    Israeli press casts emerging US-Iran deal as a strategic defeat for Netanyahu

    In the wake of mounting Israeli backlash against the pending agreement between the United States and Iran, top regional military and security analysts have issued stark warnings that the deal will reshape Middle East power dynamics, cement Iran’s rise as a dominant regional force, and stand as one of the most consequential strategic failures of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s tenure.

    The wave of criticism began Sunday, when Israeli politicians and media figures publicly voiced outrage over the emerging framework. By Monday, veteran military correspondent Alon Ben David of Israel’s Channel 13 News outlined the long-term risks, framing the deal as a paradigm shift that will undo decades of Israeli regional primacy backed by Washington. “This is a dramatic day for Israel and for generations to come,” Ben David said, noting that the agreement marks a permanent turning point for power balances across the Middle East. For years, Israel held the title of the region’s strongest, most dominant power, with unwavering American support. But Ben David argued the pending deal clears an unobstructed path for Iran to overtake that position as the most influential actor in the Middle East.

    A core provision of the deal, Ben David explained, will unfreeze billions of dollars in Iranian assets held abroad, and unlock an additional $300 billion in new revenue for the Iranian government. Those additional funds, he warned, will directly enable Iran to continue financing its regional proxy networks in Lebanon and Yemen — groups that Israel has long identified as existential threats to its national security. Compounding this risk, Ben David added, the deal will leave Israel facing an emboldened, vengeful Iranian regime with growing access to nuclear capabilities. “The agreement could leave Israel facing not only a stronger Iran, but a nuclear Iran,” he said.

    Ben David’s assessment was echoed just a day later by Danny Citrinowicz, a senior fellow at Israel’s Institute for National Security Studies. Citrinowicz argued that the joint Israeli-U.S. military campaign against Iran will end with the Iranian regime not just surviving, but emerging more powerful and formally engaged with Washington than ever before. “The Iranian leadership demonstrated resilience, retained control, and shown a willingness to absorb substantial costs,” he noted, a stark contrast to Israeli goals of weakening the regime.

    Beyond the strategic risks, an independent economic analysis published Tuesday by leading Israeli financial daily Calcalist labeled Israel’s war on Iran a costly failure that has blown a massive hole in the country’s public finances. The outlet pegged total direct costs of the conflict at 50 billion shekels — funds the country did not have allocated in its original budget. A large share of those costs went to bombs and munitions dropped by the Israeli Air Force during strikes on Iran, with another major portion going to replace rapidly depleted stocks of air defense interceptors.

    In the aftermath of the campaign, the Israeli military has already requested an additional 44 billion shekels ($15 billion) to add to its already record-high annual budget, pushing the total defense budget to 188 billion shekels ($64 billion). Calcalist noted that this is almost certainly not the last budget increase the military will request, pointing to Netanyahu’s recent proposal for a 350 billion shekel increase in security spending over the next decade, all earmarked for new military acquisitions demanded by the armed forces.

    The report also cast sharp doubt on the economic plans of Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, who joined Sunday’s criticism of the U.S.-Iran deal and vowed Israel would continue its fight against Iran and Iranian proxies in Lebanon. Smotrich has yet to put forward any viable plan to finance the multi-front military conflict Israel is currently fighting across Gaza, Lebanon, Syria, and Iran, Calcalist pointed out.

    With U.S. and Iranian negotiators set to finalize the full text of the agreement this Friday, Haaretz senior military analyst Amos Harel went a step further Wednesday, calling the deal the worst failure of Netanyahu’s leadership since the October 7, 2023 attacks by Hamas. Harel wrote that “the Iran affair is emerging as the second-worst fiasco in Netanyahu’s long history,” with only the October 7 assault — which killed more than 1,200 Israelis — ranking as a greater disaster. “The agreement will apparently satisfy only a small fraction of the expectations Netanyahu had,” Harel explained, adding that the dispute has also opened a growing rift between Netanyahu and U.S. President Donald Trump.

    Even as details of the final agreement remain unconfirmed, Harel noted that Iran has already emerged from the war stronger and more determined than it was before hostilities began. Backing for this view can be seen among pro-Netanyahu Israeli media outlets, which have already accused Trump of betraying Israeli interests. Beyond the strategic shift toward Iran, Harel argued that the outcome of the war and the pending deal reveal just how much damage Netanyahu has inflicted on Israel’s global standing since 2023, with the Iranian regime remaining fully intact despite months of joint military pressure. In a sharp rebuke of Israeli political culture, Harel added that Netanyahu would have already been forced to resign over these failures in any other democratic country, but Israel currently lacks any meaningful culture of political accountability for senior leaders.

    This report was published by Middle East Eye, a media outlet that provides independent, in-depth coverage of the Middle East, North Africa and global affairs connected to the region.

  • London’s Met Police not investigating Great Israeli Real Estate Event

    London’s Met Police not investigating Great Israeli Real Estate Event

    A diplomatic and legal controversy has erupted in the United Kingdom after London’s Metropolitan Police confirmed it will not launch a domestic investigation into a Sunday real estate event that advertised properties in illegally occupied Israeli settlements, according to exclusive reporting from independent outlet Middle East Eye (MEE).

    The confirmation of the police’s position comes just days after British Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper announced that government ministers had referred the event, hosted at London’s Edgware United Synagogue, to the UK’s Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) for formal investigation. The controversy first gained public traction this Monday, when MEE published first-hand details of the event’s promotional materials, which explicitly listed properties located in Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank—territory deemed illegal under international law.

    MEE has since confirmed that the Metropolitan Police did receive a formal referral over the event, but has added it to the broader set of submissions the force has categorized as connected to the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict. A spokesperson for Counter Terrorism Policing (CTP), which houses the national War Crimes Team responsible for reviewing such referrals, clarified the force’s current stance in a public statement. “The Counter Terrorism Policing War Crimes Team has received around 240 referrals relating to the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict since 7 October 2023,” the spokesperson said. “At this time, there is no UK-based investigation into any matters relating to this particular conflict.”

    The spokesperson declined to comment on the specific details of individual referrals, noting that all submissions are reviewed in line with joint War Crimes/Crimes Against Humanity Referral Guidelines agreed upon by UK police and the Crown Prosecution Service.

    The event sparked widespread cross-party criticism well before the police’s confirmation. Last Friday, London Mayor Sadiq Khan publicly stated his opposition to the gathering, saying: “I share concerns about the Great Israeli Real Estate Event taking place in our city, which I oppose, and that’s why I’ve discussed this directly with the Met Police. I’m informed that any allegations of criminality relating to the potentially unlawful sale of property at the event would be assessed by the Met with a view to investigation.”

    On the same day MEE published its initial reporting, the International Centre of Justice for Palestinians (ICJP), a UK-based legal advocacy organization, submitted physical evidence—including photographs of promotional brochures and leaflets advertising illegal settlement properties—to the Metropolitan Police. Orlaith Roe, the ICJP’s public affairs and communications officer, criticized both Israeli policy and the UK government’s response to the event. “This is a question not only about political will but also about the blatant disregard of international law, not only by Israel via promoting the purchase of properties in illegal settlements as part of their sovereign territory, but also by the UK government which positions itself time and again as a champion of international law,” Roe said.

    The debate moved to UK Parliament this Tuesday, where Green Party Member of Parliament Ellie Chowns pressed the Foreign Secretary over the government’s inaction. Chowns told parliament that Cooper had been notified of the planned event the previous week and had promised to review the issue. “That event took place. At that event, properties in illegal settlements were being marketed on British territory,” Chowns said. “The government has been sent the evidence about this. How is it that this government fails even to prevent the marketing of illegal property in this country and still fails to take action?”

    In her response, Cooper reaffirmed the government’s opposition to commercial activity tied to illegal settlements, saying: “we have been very clear that not only should no businesses be engaging in trade and marketing around the illegal settlements, they certainly should not be doing so on UK soil. And that is why my colleague, the minister for the Middle East and North Africa, and also the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport, have raised this directly with the advertising standards agency because we take this so seriously. We have asked them now to urgently look into this and to reassure us that if there is any evidence of the advertising or promotion of property in illegal settlements at this or any other events, they will uphold the law, regulations and guidance that apply.”

  • One Extraordinary Photo: An overhead look at New Zealand’s Elijah Just scoring against Iran

    One Extraordinary Photo: An overhead look at New Zealand’s Elijah Just scoring against Iran

    For four decades, Mark J. Terrill has built a legendary career capturing some of sports’ most unforgettable moments, and his work at the 2022 FIFA World Cup offered another example of how innovative camera work can redefine sports photography.

    Terrill’s journey in photojournalism began unexpectedly early: at just 16 years old, 44 years ago, he started out as a freelance contributor primarily for the Associated Press. While studying photojournalism in college, he began experimenting with sports photography and remote-triggered camera setups, and quickly developed a lifelong passion for the craft. He went on to join AP as a full-time staff photographer in 1997.

    In a breakdown of one of his standout World Cup shots — capturing New Zealand forward Elijah Just scoring against Iran — Terrill explained the creative logic behind the image that sets it apart from typical match photography.

    “One of the primary goals (no pun intended) of a photographer is to make a different photograph,” Terrill explained. “Different in the sense that your competition doesn’t have it and that the audience hasn’t seen it before. One of the ways to do this is with remotely triggered cameras. They not only allow you to be in more than one place at a time but it also allows you to be in positions where you can’t physically be.”

    The unique vantage point of this shot, which gives viewers a one-of-a-kind overhead look at the goal-mouth action, would have been impossible for Terrill to capture in person from his spot on the pitch sideline. To pull off the shot, he installed a total of four remote cameras along the overhead catwalk of Los Angeles Stadium (now SoFi Stadium), where the match was held: one positioned behind each goal, and another angled toward each goal from the side. Two additional remote cameras were placed behind the goal where Just scored, all synced to radio transceivers that let Terrill trigger the shutters himself from his on-pitch press position.

    Terrill noted that the finished image checks every box for a standout soccer photograph. It clearly captures all the key narrative elements of a goal: Just in the act of scoring, the Iran goalkeeper failing to make the save, and defending players reacting to the play in the background. It also benefits from a clean, uncluttered backdrop that keeps the focus firmly on the high-stakes action, rather than distracting from the moment.

    This behind-the-scenes look at Terrill’s process offers a rare glimpse into the technical skill and creative planning that goes into capturing iconic sports imagery on the world’s biggest stage.

  • Tim Payne, New Zealand’s viral World Cup star, to join Paraguay club Olimpia, source says

    Tim Payne, New Zealand’s viral World Cup star, to join Paraguay club Olimpia, source says

    DALLAS (AP) — An unlikely rise to global fame has earned a little-known New Zealand soccer defender a once-in-a-lifetime career move: 38-year-old Tim Payne, who went from relative obscurity to international social media celebrity in the span of weeks, is set to leave his current club Wellington Phoenix to join Olimpia, the defending Paraguayan top-flight champion and one of South America’s most storied soccer institutions.

    The details of the impending transfer were confirmed to The Associated Press on Tuesday by an insider close to the negotiation process, who spoke on condition of anonymity because Olimpia has not yet scheduled an official public announcement of the signing. The source also declined to disclose the financial terms of Payne’s upcoming contract with the club.

    Payne’s explosive leap into the global spotlight traces back to a viral social media campaign launched by Argentine influencer El Scarso. The content creator set out to find the most low-profile player at this year’s FIFA World Cup, settling on Payne due to his tiny pre-tournament social media following. El Scarso called on his own followers to band together to turn the little-known New Zealander into a household name, and the campaign quickly caught fire across platforms.

    In the weeks following the campaign’s launch, Payne’s Instagram follower count skyrocketed from just under 5,000 to more than 5.8 million, a more than 1,000-fold increase that captured the attention of clubs across the globe. The outpouring of support for Payne has even spawned an original fan song in Spanish, whose chorus declares devotion to the defender: “I’ve got his back. I cheer him on. I’ve been rooting for him from the beginning. Tim Payne, from cradle to grave. You’re a crack. I cheer you on, every step.” The track also leans into a playful pun on Payne’s name, closing with the line “no Payne, no gain.”

    Payne got the chance to show his on-pitch skills to his new global fan base earlier this week, starting in New Zealand’s opening Group G match against Iran that ended in a 2-2 draw on Monday. The All Whites, New Zealand’s men’s national soccer team, are still chasing their first ever World Cup win across three tournament appearances.

  • ‘From outlier to trailblazer’: How Oman offers a glimpse into the post-war Gulf

    ‘From outlier to trailblazer’: How Oman offers a glimpse into the post-war Gulf

    When former U.S. President Donald Trump threatened military action against Oman over its refusal to side with Washington’s war on Iran, few could have predicted that this small Gulf sultanate would emerge as the primary beneficiary of the new regional order being negotiated between the U.S. and the Islamic Republic. This surprising turn of events, which may seem counterintuitive at first glance, is reshaping regional power dynamics, with Western, Arab, and even U.S. diplomatic sources acknowledging that Oman stands to gain the most from the shifting landscape.

  • Paying homage to Socceroos great Tim Cahill has become a World Cup tradition for Australia

    Paying homage to Socceroos great Tim Cahill has become a World Cup tradition for Australia

    Two decades have passed since Tim Cahill etched one of the most recognizable celebrations in Australian soccer history into global memory. During the opening match of the 2006 FIFA World Cup against Japan, Cahill scored a dramatic late equalizer to turn the tide of the game, which ultimately ended in a 3-1 Australian victory. Immediately after the ball hit the back of the net, the forward sprinted to the corner of the pitch and launched into a playful shadow boxing routine against the corner flag. What began as an impulsive moment of joy has grown into a beloved generational tradition for Australian soccer at the World Cup.

    Months after Cahill hung up his boots in 2019, another Australian star carried the tradition onto one of the sport’s biggest stages. At the 2019 Women’s World Cup in France, during a critical group stage match against Italy, Sam Kerr — then a rising talent making her mark on international soccer — recreated Cahill’s iconic shadow boxing routine to celebrate one of her goals. The moment paid homage to Cahill’s legacy while signaling the continuity of the tradition across Australia’s men’s and women’s national programs.

    Kerr would go on to rewrite the Australian soccer record books: in 2022, she surpassed Cahill to become the country’s all-time leading international goalscorer, and she led the national women’s side, the Matildas, to a historic semifinal finish at the 2023 Women’s World Cup co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand. Now, the tradition has passed to a new generation of Australian talent, with 20-year-old Nestory Irankunda adding his own name to the lineage.

    On Saturday night, Irankunda made history for Australia’s men’s national team, the Socceroos, during their 2-0 upset win over Turkey. The young winger became the youngest goalscorer in Australian World Cup history, and he marked the milestone by paying direct tribute to the man who inspired his soccer journey from childhood. Just like Cahill 20 years earlier, Irankunda sprinted straight to the nearest corner flag after his goal, throwing a rapid series of punches in a perfect recreation of the iconic celebration that first made the routine famous.

    Unlike his predecessors, Irankunda has already cultivated his own unique set of trademark goal celebrations, from acrobatic backflips to playful Michael Jackson-inspired dance moves that have become a defining part of his on-pitch persona. Even so, the young star made clear that Cahill has been the biggest influence on his career to date.

    “Tim Cahill was my biggest inspiration in Australian football, and I look up to him,” Irankunda told reporters after the match when asked about his decision to replicate the celebration. “I look up to him and I want to be like him one day and I’m really really proud of myself to get the goal.”

    Like many young Australian soccer talents, Irankunda launched his professional career domestically, spending three seasons competing in the A-League with Adelaide United before earning a move to European soccer. In 2025, he completed a permanent transfer to English Championship club Watford, where he is continuing to develop his game ahead of future international and club competitions.

  • AP Exclusive: Nvidia’s Jensen Huang says society needs ‘new social norms’ in the age of AI

    AP Exclusive: Nvidia’s Jensen Huang says society needs ‘new social norms’ in the age of AI

    SHERMAN, Texas — As the leader of the firm that ignited the global artificial intelligence boom, Nvidia Chief Executive Jensen Huang laid out a comprehensive vision for AI’s integration into modern life Tuesday during an exclusive interview with the Associated Press, arguing that widespread embrace of the transformative technology will deliver broad societal benefits while calling for deliberate adaptation to new norms and targeted regulation.

    Huang, whose company’s explosive growth fueled by AI demand has pushed its market capitalization past $5 trillion to make it the world’s most valuable publicly traded company, has long voiced unbridled optimism about AI’s ability to reshape economies and accelerate scientific discovery. But as public anxiety grows over the technology’s potential harms — from mass layoffs to existential safety risks — the industry’s most prominent executive has stepped forward to address critics, pushing back against fears while acknowledging the need for proactive change.

    “We need to create new social norms,” Huang said during the interview. “I would advocate that everybody use AI. Just go engage it.”

    His remarks come at a moment when AI has become a contentious political flashpoint across the United States. Communities have pushed back against plans to build new AI-focused data centers over environmental and infrastructure concerns, while workers across sectors worry that rapid adoption will leave millions jobless without adequate social safety nets. These growing concerns have eroded public support for the technology even as the U.S. faces intensifying AI competition with China — a race Huang says the U.S. can only win by maintaining an open, globally engaged approach to AI development.

    Huang pushed back against narratives that AI will leave non-technical workers behind, noting that the technology has already narrowed the digital divide by enabling people without coding or software development skills to complete complex tasks ranging from website design and dense document analysis to cutting-edge scientific research and home renovation planning.

    Drawing a historical parallel to the introduction of automobiles, Huang argued society will adapt to AI just as it adjusted to the new technology of a century ago. “Cars were once portrayed as killing children, but the world changed its norms by having sidewalks and crosswalks and stopping kids from playing in the streets,” he explained, framing current anxiety as a natural part of integrating a transformative new technology.

    On the topic of regulation, Huang acknowledged that targeted government oversight and baseline safety standards are necessary, stressing that national security must remain a top priority for a technology that has been a key driver of recent U.S. stock market gains and economic growth.

    He voiced skepticism over a recent cross-ideology proposal that would have the U.S. government take equity stakes in AI companies to ensure the public broadly shares in the sector’s windfall profits, an idea floated by former and current President Donald Trump, independent Sen. Bernie Sanders, and even OpenAI CEO Sam Altman. Huang noted that American companies already deliver broad benefits to the public through multiple channels: “Their success benefits the stock price, of which many Americans are investors in. It generates taxes, which helps many Americans. It creates a lot of jobs.” He added that growth in the AI sector also lifts profits for connected industries including energy, construction and hardware manufacturing, meaning Americans already hold a natural stake in AI firms’ success across the economy.

    Huang addressed the Trump administration’s recent shift toward stricter AI regulation, including new export controls on Anthropic’s latest AI models that forced the company to suspend public access to the tools, and a new executive order requiring voluntary government screening of high-impact AI models before release. He agreed that national security must be the top priority for all emerging technologies, but called for clear, targeted policy: “you have to be very specific about the risk that you’re concerned about, before setting up policies for export controls.”

    This is not Huang’s first run-in with AI export controls: during the Biden administration, Nvidia pushed back against restrictions on chip sales to China, rejecting the argument that a ban would protect U.S. AI advantages. Huang warned at the time that broad restrictions would undermine the development of a global U.S.-led AI ecosystem, as China would respond by accelerating development of its own advanced chips.

    Huang also identified energy supply as one of the most critical vulnerabilities for U.S. AI development, noting that AI training and inference data centers require massive amounts of electricity that risks straining the national power grid and raising household utility costs. “The United States is woefully behind in energy production,” he said. “We just suffocated energy production for too long.” Without expanded energy output, he warned, the U.S. will struggle to capitalize on its leading position in AI chips, models and infrastructure. Huang complimented Trump’s policy of expanding domestic fossil fuel production, declining to comment on Trump’s rejection of large-scale solar and wind energy development.

    The interview took place during a visit to Sherman, Texas, for the expansion of a Coherent factory building new laser systems that transmit data between chips, a technology that could cut AI power consumption by as much as 50%.

    Huang’s close public friendship with Trump has drawn criticism from Democrats, and Huang shed new light on how the relationship began. The pair first connected last year, when Huang was in South Florida to accept the Edison Achievement Award for his work on AI, and Trump invited him and his wife Lori to dinner at his Mar-a-Lago private club. “He was incredibly engaging, incredibly charismatic, conversational, asked a lot of questions,” Huang recalled of the meeting. “From the moment that I met him, the only thing that he’s ever talked to me about is creating more jobs, reindustrializing the United States, protecting national security, winning.” Huang added that Trump often calls him unexpectedly to discuss policy around these priorities, and arranged for Huang to be picked up by Air Force One in Alaska during Trump’s recent state visit to China.

    Sen. Elizabeth Warren was among the Democratic critics who attacked Huang for declining to testify before a Senate panel while attending the high-profile Mar-a-Lago dinner, which reportedly had a $1 million per person admission price. Huang pushed back on the political criticism, noting that he supports presidential success regardless of party affiliation: “We could differ with politics, but we should want him to succeed. Because when President Trump succeeds, our country succeeds.”

    Huang also reaffirmed that AI’s long-term impact will be overwhelmingly positive, arguing that full engagement with the technology rather than fear-driven restriction will position the U.S. to lead the world in delivering shared growth and progress.

  • Is China sleepwalking down Japan’s zombie economy path?

    Is China sleepwalking down Japan’s zombie economy path?

    Decades after Japan’s 1990 asset bubble collapse left a legacy of unprofitable “zombie” firms propped up by cheap bank lending, mounting economic data suggests China could be walking down a very similar path after its 2021 real estate slowdown. While broad comparisons between 1990s Japan and 2020s China often overlook critical structural differences between the two economies, experts say the pattern of debt evergreening that dragged Japan into decades of stagnation is now visible in China’s financial system.

    The case of Japan’s Daiei, once the nation’s top retail giant, illustrates how the zombie company cycle plays out. After the bubble burst, Daiei slipped into sustained unprofitability, but Japanese major banks including UFJ kept the firm afloat with repeated below-market-rate loans. This practice, dubbed “evergreening”, let banks avoid classifying outstanding debt as non-performing (NPL), hiding bad assets from regulators and the public to meet capital requirements and avoid public backlash. Eventually acquired by rival Aeon, Daiei’s brand is set to be fully phased out in the coming years, decades after it first became insolvent.

    A landmark 2008 paper by economists Caballero, Hoshi, and Kashyap found that this widespread evergreening dragged down Japan’s entire economy for decades. When the bubble burst, hundreds of profitable firms across construction, retail, and trade became unprofitable. Rather than force these firms into bankruptcy and accept their own losses, banks extended new cheap loans to let unprofitable firms pay off old debt, reclassifying bad debt as performing. This locked up scarce capital, labor, and other resources in unproductive firms, blocking healthy new companies from accessing the resources they needed to grow. Even with government backing to keep lending alive, the misallocation of resources left Japan stuck in long-term productivity stagnation.

    Japanese policymakers chose this path for clear sociopolitical reasons: at the time, the country had a strong norm of lifetime job security, and widespread corporate failures would have thrown millions out of work, raising the risk of social unrest. Bank bailouts were also deeply unpopular, so regulators chose regulatory forbearance and capital injections for banks rather than forcing them to clean up their balance sheets by cutting off zombie borrowers.

    Today, China faces a similar post-bubble moment. After the 2021 correction in its overheated real estate sector, the country has seen a broad economic slowdown that is deeper than official figures indicate, and a sharp rise in the share of loss-making firms across real estate-linked sectors. Multiple independent analyses show signs of widespread debt evergreening that mirror 1990s Japan.

    Data from the Rhodium Group shows that despite a rising share of unprofitable firms since 2021, the official share of non-performing loans has actually fallen. A 2025 audit from China’s National Audit Office found that 16 out of 43 audited Chinese banks had actual non-performing loan levels double their officially reported figures. Loan rollovers to avoid NPL classification are pervasive, with the Chinese financial system acting as a shock absorber to keep unprofitable firms afloat and prevent widespread defaults. Rhodium Group data also shows the share of bank loans issued below benchmark interest rates has risen sharply since 2021, even as benchmark rates have fallen, and analysis from the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas confirms that a growing share of Chinese firms, particularly in real estate, do not earn enough to cover their loan interest payments.

    Critics argue that unlike market-based Japan, China’s state-directed banking system can avoid the downsides of zombie lending, since bad debt is effectively backed by the central government, which can order banks to keep lending indefinitely. But analysts point out this does not solve the core resource misallocation problem that hurt Japan, and China’s own government already took similar actions to Japan’s in the wake of the bust: supporting banks and encouraging them to keep lending to unprofitable firms to avoid unrest.

    Even if the government can avoid a financial crisis, zombie firms still lock up critical resources that healthy firms could use. They compete for skilled labor, raw materials, land, and energy, driving up costs and crowding out innovative new entrants. For example, 1990s Japan’s Daiei was able to underprice new competitors thanks to cheap bank loans, blocking retail sector innovation for decades. In China today, this dynamic may be driving widespread industrial involution: after the real estate slowdown, the Chinese government directed banks to increase lending to manufacturing and green tech sectors as part of its industrial policy strategy. While many of these firms are efficient and globally competitive, as much as 30% of listed firms in high-priority sectors including electric vehicles, solar panels, and batteries are zombies that cannot service their debt, kept alive by loan rollovers and local government subsidies to preserve jobs and tax revenue. These unprofitable firms cut prices to below production cost to hold market share, crushing profit margins across the entire sector for even the most efficient competitors.

    While this flood of cheap exports has helped China gain global market share in key industrial sectors, it comes at a long-term cost to domestic productivity growth. Over time, persistent resource misallocation could erode China’s long-term competitiveness, rather than strengthen it. The practice may also be adding to fiscal risks: just as Japan’s zombie lending left the country with unsustainable government debt that is now causing currency weakness and inflation, China’s evergreening practice pushes the cost of unproductive firms onto taxpayers and domestic bondholders, creating long-term fiscal pressures that the government will eventually have to address.

    In an update addressing reader questions about geopolitical differences between Japan and China, author Noah Smith notes that China’s government shares Japan’s core motivation for zombie lending: fear of social unrest from widespread unemployment, which has remained a top policy priority in China after the end of rapid growth. While China’s goal of reshaping global supply chains means it will continue to support unprofitable firms in strategic sectors, this will only deepen the productivity trap over time. Ultimately, while many structural differences separate the two economies, the parallel of zombie lending and debt evergreening is clear — and so far, China’s government appears to be stepping into the same long-term trap that stunted Japan’s growth for decades.

  • Smotrich cancels Hebron Protocol, ending Palestinian control in occupied city

    Smotrich cancels Hebron Protocol, ending Palestinian control in occupied city

    On a Monday earlier this year, Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich made a provocative announcement that sent shockwaves across the occupied West Bank: the decades-old Hebron Agreements, a core component of the 1990s Oslo Accords peace framework, are formally canceled. The move immediately strips the Palestinian-administered Hebron Municipality of all its legal authority over construction and urban planning across large swathes of the occupied city, transferring full control to the Israeli state.

    Speaking at an inauguration ceremony for a new illegal Israeli settlement outpost in the southern Mount Hebron region, Smotrich framed the cancellation as a long-overdue correction, claiming that for decades, planning powers for Jewish settlements in Hebron had absurdly rested with what he called Hebron’s “terror municipality.” The policy change was not a spontaneous announcement: following months of advocacy led by Smotrich, Israel’s security cabinet approved the measure in principle back in February, and the country’s Higher Planning Council — the governing body that oversees all construction in occupied West Bank territories — gave the decision final approval on the same night of Smotrich’s public announcement.

    The Hebron Protocol, originally signed in 1997 by then-Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and late Palestine Liberation Organization leader Yasser Arafat as an extension of the Oslo Accords, established a split governance structure for the contested city. The larger H1 zone, covering roughly 80% of Hebron’s total territory, was placed under the full civil control of the Palestinian Authority. The smaller H2 zone, which encompasses Hebron’s historic Old City, the revered Ibrahimi Mosque (a site holy to both Muslims and Jews), and multiple southern residential neighborhoods, was designated to remain under exclusive Israeli military control, while the Palestinian municipality retained planning and construction jurisdiction for Palestinian communities and holy sites within the zone.

    Smotrich’s cancellation of the protocol erases that long-standing arrangement, meaning even planning and development projects at the Ibrahimi Mosque now fall outside Palestinian municipal jurisdiction. The site has already been a decades-long flashpoint of tension: shortly after the protocol was signed, illegal Israeli settlers seized control of roughly half of the mosque compound, and the site remains a top target for settler takeover efforts.

    Earlier this year, the Israeli military had already begun rolling back Palestinian control of the holy site, issuing a 15-day entry ban that barred the mosque’s director Mu’taz Abu Sneineh and its head custodian Hammam Abu Murkhiya from accessing the compound. Local observers have widely interpreted this sequence of moves as a deliberate effort to shift full control of the Ibrahimi Mosque from the Palestinian Hebron Municipality to the settler religious council of the nearby illegal Kiryat Arba settlement.

    For more than 25 years, Israel has enforced a tight closure on the roughly one-square-kilometer area surrounding the Ibrahimi Mosque, installing more than 120 permanent checkpoints and access gates to restrict Palestinian movement. The closed zone is home to approximately 7,000 Palestinian residents, alongside multiple established illegal Israeli settlement outposts.

    In recent months, Israeli forces have ramped up military operations across occupied Hebron, carrying out frequent raids on Palestinian residential neighborhoods, imposing multi-day consecutive curfews, blocking Palestinian access to work and commercial spaces, and deploying military vehicles and bulldozers to seal off neighborhood entrances. During these curfews, high-profile Israeli far-right officials regularly enter the occupied city under heavy military protection. Just one week before Smotrich’s announcement, far-right National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir led a heavily guarded military convoy through Hebron’s streets in a deliberate show of force.

    Local Palestinian residents say the string of recent escalations and the cancellation of the Hebron Protocol are part of a clear, long-term strategy: to expand illegal Israeli settlement outposts across Hebron, connect isolated outposts into contiguous blocs of Israeli control, and permanently entrench a dominant settler presence across the entire southern occupied West Bank.

    The controversial move comes as Smotrich faces potential international legal consequences for his actions in the occupied territories. Independent outlet Middle East Eye has confirmed that prosecutors at the International Criminal Court based in The Hague submitted an application for an arrest warrant for Smotrich back in April. The warrant application charges Smotrich with multiple crimes under international law, including forced displacement classified as a crime against humanity and war crime, the transfer of Israel’s own civilian population into occupied territory — a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention classified as a war crime — and charges of persecution and apartheid as crimes against humanity.