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The historic surge in electoral participation by Palestinian citizens of Israel during last week’s national polls, which prevented both incumbent Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his rival Gadi Eisenkott from securing easy paths to form a ruling coalition, has ignited a volatile political firestorm across Israeli society, according to a leading expert on intercommunal Jewish-Arab relations. Representing roughly 20 percent of Israel’s total citizen population, Palestinian-focused political parties won 19 of the 120 seats in the Knesset, Israel’s legislative body, a milestone that has upended the country’s long-fractured political calculus. In response, Netanyahu publicly accused the Palestinian minority of “stealing the election,” while mainstream media airwaves have been flooded with unsubstantiated claims of voter fraud and foreign interference, as politicians and public commentators launch relentless, dehumanizing attacks on the entire community. Ameer Fakhoury, a Palestinian-Israeli sociologist at the Vanleer Jerusalem Institute who heads its Nisan Center for a Shared Society, described the current wave of vitriol in an exclusive interview with Middle East Eye days after polls closed as possibly the most severe, coordinated racist incitement campaign against a national minority in Israel’s history, drawing a chilling parallel to the hate speech broadcast by Rwanda’s state-owned Radio Rwanda in the lead-up to the 1994 Tutsi genocide. Official research data confirms that anti-Palestinian racist discourse on Israeli social media platforms spiked by 428 percent on election day and the 48 hours immediately following, with Palestinian voters widely labeled as domestic enemies, tied directly to Hamas, and falsely linked to the October 7, 2023, attacks. Leading pro-Netanyahu Channel 14 journalist Shimon Riklin went as far as to claim the Israeli public was “not racist enough,” framing the 80 percent turnout rate among Palestinian voters as an act of “ballot-box terrorism.” Fakhoury emphasized this widespread bigotry is not a series of isolated, random incidents, but a deliberate, systematic political tool deployed amid an escalating internal power struggle within Israel’s Jewish majority. Netanyahu’s Zionist opposition factions, which lack sufficient Knesset seats to oust the long-serving prime minister, now face a contradictory dilemma: they cannot form a ruling coalition without the support of Palestinian legislators, forcing a national reckoning over the long-suppressed question of whether Palestinian citizens have a legitimate place in the state’s political system. Fakhoury notes that anti-Arab rhetoric has long been a normalized, near-ubiquitous undercurrent in Israeli public life, but the current wave of incitement carries unique danger because it unfolds during a critical constitutional crossroads for the country. The public furor over Palestinian electoral gains, he argues, is merely a proxy for a far more fundamental debate over the core contradiction at the heart of Israel’s national identity: whether the state can simultaneously uphold its self-declared status as a Jewish homeland and a functional democratic system that grants equal rights to all its citizens. Even Palestinian citizens who fully accept the basic parameters of the Israeli state and Zionist national framework have been targeted by far-right figures, including newly elected Religious Zionism Knesset member Moshe Feiglin, who dismissed the mass Palestinian voter turnout as a “political October 7.” Fakhoury explained that the historic high Palestinian turnout was driven by widespread community anxiety over ongoing violence in Gaza, surging settler attacks in the occupied West Bank, far-right political promises to carry out mass deportations of Palestinian citizens, rampant unaddressed violent crime in Palestinian communities inside Israel, and escalating systemic discrimination that followed the October 7 attacks. For many Palestinian voters, casting a ballot was an act of basic survival, a dynamic that fundamentally erodes the substantive meaning of equal citizenship. The unprecedented 19 Knesset seats won by Palestinian parties, the highest share of legislative representation the community has held since the 1948 Nakba, has “unleashed all the devils” of ethnocratic, eliminationist colonial logic that has long lurked beneath the surface of Israeli politics, Fakhoury said. Rather than a narrow fight to join a ruling government, the mass electoral mobilization of Palestinian citizens has deliberately forced Israeli society, and the global community watching closely, to confront a long-unavoidable choice: to formalize Israel as a full ethnocratic state that reserves full rights exclusively for Jewish citizens, or to transition to a genuine inclusive democracy that upholds equal standing for all 20 percent of its population that is Palestinian. The historic moment, Fakhoury argues, has placed Israel in an unprecedented political predicament that can no longer be ignored or papered over by decades of evasive political compromise.

Thick, acrid plumes of toxic haze generated by rampant wildfires across Indonesia’s Kalimantan, Sumatra and Papua regions have crossed national borders in recent weeks, engulfing neighboring Singapore and Malaysia and triggering cascading public health crises, widespread public frustration, and delicate diplomatic frictions across maritime Southeast Asia.

The annual Indonesian wildfire phenomenon, long tied to unregulated industrial-scale slash-and-burn land clearance to clear acreage for high-demand palm oil and other commercial crops, has reached unusually severe levels this year. A powerful El Niño weather pattern has amplified prolonged drought conditions across the country’s carbon-dense peatlands and old-growth forests, making blazes far harder to contain than in previous cycles. Unlike past haze events that typically dissipated within a matter of days, this year’s smog event has lingered for multiple consecutive weeks, sending air quality indices soaring to hazardous levels across large swathes of Singapore and peninsular Malaysia. Thousands of residents have reported surging cases of respiratory distress, persistent headaches and aggravated pre-existing chronic conditions, spurring widespread public anger directed at both local national governments and Indonesian authorities.

Eugene Tan, a law associate professor at Singapore Management University, noted to local and international outlets that public sentiment in Singapore has shifted to widespread frustration: “People are fed up, angry and anxious. The governments have to respond to them, or else what is more an external issue has become an internal one with ample headroom for politicisation.” Many Singaporean residents have publicly criticised their administration for failing to implement more proactive mitigation measures, even after meteorologists issued early warnings of an intense El Niño season that would raise wildfire risk.

In Malaysia, public anger has spilled into grassroots action, with thousands of local residents launching a widespread boycott of Indonesian goods, following calls from prominent opposition lawmaker Syed Saddiq to impose targeted sanctions on commercial entities directly linked to the destructive land-clearing blazes, and to treat irresponsible operators as regional outcasts. Multiple state governments in Malaysia have been forced to temporarily close schools and public recreational facilities when air quality hit dangerous thresholds.

National governments across the region have been caught in a precarious balancing act: they face mounting pressure from angry, health-endangered citizens to take decisive action, while also risking long-term damage to vital bilateral diplomatic and economic ties with Indonesia. The Singaporean government has moved quickly to roll out emergency public support measures, setting up hundreds of dedicated haze shelters across the island nation, distributing high-grade protective masks to vulnerable groups including young children, elderly citizens and immunocompromised residents, and launching formal investigations into 10 Singapore-registered firms suspected of having ties to the Indonesian land-clearing operations driving the fires. Authorities have also announced plans to update and strengthen existing haze pollution regulations to hold accountable entities operating within its jurisdiction that contribute to transboundary environmental harm.

Earlier this month, Singapore’s Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan travelled to Jakarta for a face-to-face meeting with Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, describing the discussion as “honest” and “sincere” and confirming that the two nations had agreed to establish a joint bilateral task force to coordinate wildfire suppression and haze mitigation efforts, a breakthrough that appeared to de-escalate weeks of simmering bilateral tensions.

However, the Prabowo administration, already navigating a string of domestic policy challenges, has faced widespread domestic pressure to push back against international criticism of its wildfire response. One senior Indonesian official drew widespread regional backlash after claiming the wildfires were entirely outside human control, and arguing that Singapore and Malaysia relied on Indonesia’s forests for their oxygen supply. The comment prompted an unusually public, sharp rebuke from Singapore Senior Minister K Shanmugam, who stated the remark was “disappointing” and “not right”, adding that the haze posed severe, unacceptable risks to public health across all affected nations, and that coordinated action against polluting operators was in Indonesia’s own national interest as much as that of its neighbours.

Days after that public exchange, Indonesia announced a planned reduction in gas exports to Singapore, citing unmet domestic energy demand amid recent localized electricity shortages. While Singaporean authorities confirmed the cut would amount to less than 2% of its total daily gas needs and have negligible impact on national energy security, the timing of the announcement – coming shortly after Indonesia’s energy minister warned the country would halt gas exports to nations that did not “respect Indonesia”, and remarks from Prabowo referencing unnamed “countries that like to insult Indonesia” – led many regional analysts to interpret the move as a deliberate retaliatory measure. Eugene Tan noted the dynamic reflects longstanding regional tensions rooted in the historic “abang-adik” (big brother-little brother) cultural framing, where Indonesia’s political circles often expect smaller, economically powerful Singapore to defer to its larger, more populous neighbour.

By contrast, Malaysian federal officials have taken a far more restrained public stance on the haze crisis, with Foreign Minister Mohamad Hasan explicitly ruling out formal diplomatic protests or legal action against Indonesia, noting such steps would risk irreparably severing longstanding bilateral ties. Kuala Lumpur has instead opted to negotiate a new memorandum of understanding with Jakarta to strengthen cross-border wildfire prevention protocols, and has stated it will rely on existing ASEAN multilateral frameworks, including the 2003 ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution, to coordinate regional action. But critics widely dismiss the decades-old agreement as structurally toothless: it lacks any enforcement mechanisms to penalise rogue agricultural firms or compel member states to enforce domestic anti-deforestation rules. James Chin, a professor of Asian studies at the University of Tasmania, described the accord as “just not worth the paper it was signed on”, noting that once seasonal winds dissipate the haze and public pressure fades, regional governments consistently revert to unregulated business as usual. The bloc previously set a 2020 deadline to eliminate all transboundary haze, which passed without progress; a new revised target of 2030 is now widely viewed by experts as equally unachievable.

Malaysia’s own position is further complicated by its status as one of the world’s top palm oil exporters, with its own domestic history of slash-and-burn land clearance that has at times generated local haze events. Regional analyst Ei Sun Oh of the Pacific Research Centre of Malaysia noted that Kuala Lumpur also lacks the same economic leverage over Jakarta that Singapore holds, as Singapore ranks as Indonesia’s single largest source of foreign direct investment and a leading offshore financial hub for wealthy Indonesian nationals. For the time being, Oh added, Malaysian officials have opted to avoid provoking Jakarta unnecessarily, waiting for seasonal wind shifts to blow the smog away rather than taking confrontational diplomatic action.

On a Sunday ceremony in Doha attended by Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani and top network leadership, pan-Arab global news powerhouse Al Jazeera commemorated three decades of reshaping media landscapes across the Middle East and worldwide, while formally announcing the rollout of an interconnected new multi-channel news ecosystem designed to adapt to evolving audience consumption patterns.
Founded on November 1, 1996, the original Al Jazeera Arabic channel launched with a Qatari state seed grant of approximately $137 million, paired with recurring annual public funding of roughly $100 million, initially broadcasting only six hours of content per day. Unlike the tightly state-controlled broadcasters that dominated the regional media ecosystem at the time, the outlet operated with an unprecedented level of editorial independence that quickly resonated with Arab audiences disillusioned by sanitized, government-curated local news. Many of its early core editorial staff were poached from the BBC’s short-lived Arabic television service, which had been forced to shutter after censorship pressures from Saudi Arabia, the operator of the satellite infrastructure carrying its signal.
The network’s global profile surged during the 2001 U.S.-led invasion of Afghanistan, when it maintained the sole continuous 24-hour satellite uplink to Kabul, providing exclusive on-the-ground footage that was licensed and broadcast by major Western news outlets. A decade after the Arabic flagship’s launch, the network rolled out Al Jazeera English with a $1 billion initial investment, cementing its status as a global multilingual news player. Over its 30-year history, the outlet has earned widespread acclaim for its unflinching coverage of high-stakes global events ranging from the 2003 Iraq invasion, the Syrian civil war, the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings, to the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Gaza, where 19 of its full-time staff and freelance contributors have been killed while on assignment. In recent months, the network has faced sustained operational restrictions: in May 2024, Israel enacted a ban on its local operations under a law targeting foreign broadcasters deemed national security threats, raided and closed its West Bank office in Ramallah that September, and a Tel Aviv court recently approved an additional 90-day extension of the national operational ban. As former Al Jazeera staff turned Australian media academic Scott Bridges noted in a 2012 analysis, while most geopolitical observers frame the network as a deliberate diplomatic initiative by Qatar’s leadership to raise the profile of the small, geopolitically vulnerable Gulf state, its launch represented a radical break from the formulaic state-owned television standard across the Middle East.
During the 30th anniversary event, Al Jazeera Chairman Hamad bin Thamer bin Mohammed Al Thani highlighted that the network had outperformed all early growth expectations relative to legacy global news institutions, while Director General Nasser bin Faisal bin Khalifa Al Thani emphasized that past achievements alone could not sustain the outlet’s founding mission, requiring proactive strategic renewal to keep pace with shifting media trends. The newly announced news ecosystem, operating under the core slogan “Now. Meaning. Humanity.”, is structured around three distinct content pillars to meet modern audience demands: real-time responsiveness to unfolding events, rigorous deep-dive analysis, and centering human-centric storytelling. The operational rollout will feature three dedicated channels: Al Jazeera Now, focused on nonstop rolling coverage of breaking, fast-escalating major stories; a revamped Al Jazeera Arabic that will expand its investigative journalism and long-form news features; and Al Jazeera Mubasher, which will retain its signature live, unedited field transmission format to give viewers an unfiltered window directly into on-the-ground events. Al Jazeera Director of News Raed Fakih noted that over 30 years, the network has carved out unprecedented airtime for marginalized voices, underreported issues, and underrepresented perspectives that were systematically excluded from traditional regional Arab media, and the new ecosystem will build on that editorial legacy to expand the scope of its coverage even further.

On an ordinary afternoon in central Gaza’s Deir al-Balah, 8-year-old Fatima al-Bayouk had just finished her schoolwork and stepped outside her grandmother’s home to play with her cousins when an Israeli bullet pierced her neck. Stumbling back to the house shaking, her shirt soaked through with blood, the young Palestinian girl screamed that her cousin had been shot, unaware she herself had sustained a life-threatening injury. The bullet had lodged deep in her lung, and after seven days of medical care, she succumbed to her wounds.

This tragedy was doubly devastating for Fatima’s grandmother, Safia Abo Amra. Just months prior, Fatima had been the sole survivor of an Israeli air strike on her immediate family’s home in Khan Younis on December 13, 2023, which killed every other member of her household. What began as a mission to nurture the orphaned girl back to safety quickly evolved into a profound, life-giving bond for Abo Amra, who had already lost her own daughter and several grandchildren in the early phases of Israel’s military campaign in Gaza. “Fatima was my best friend. We did everything together, cooking, going on walks; we even slept on the same mattress. I have seven sons and six daughters, yet Fatima was more precious to me than all of them,” Abo Amra shared with Middle East Eye. “With her beautiful soul, she was the one to help me through my grief for my daughter and grandchildren.”

Warm, bright, and endlessly cheerful, Fatima was known across her extended family for her infectious smile that lifted the mood of everyone around her. She was diligent with her schoolwork, loved dressing up for family gatherings and weddings, and was so beloved that her grandmother walked her to and from a local private school every day, opting to pay monthly tuition rather than send her to a nearby UN facility where stray Israeli bullets were frequently reported. The family had just purchased brand new winter clothes for her shortly before her death, a gift she never got the chance to wear. Only six months before Fatima was killed, her favourite uncle Masoud Abo Amra, who lived with a mental disability, was also shot and killed by Israeli gunfire while visiting relatives in Khan Younis.

Fatima’s senseless death is far from an isolated incident. It is part of a well-documented, pervasive pattern of unprovoked Israeli gunfire originating from military positions, tanks, and quadcopter drones that has killed and maimed hundreds of Palestinian civilians across the Gaza Strip since the October 2025 ceasefire went into effect. The threat is most acute for displaced families living in close proximity to the so-called “Yellow Line,” the boundary of Israel’s expanding buffer zone across the territory. In the 12 months following the ceasefire, Israeli military control over Gaza swelled from 53% to 70% of the total land area, a shift that local residents widely view as a deliberate, systematic campaign to push Palestinian families out of their homes and informal displacement camps through constant, life-endangering harassment.

For thousands of displaced Gaza residents, the unrelenting gunfire has turned even the most routine daily tasks into potentially lethal gambles. Nineteen-year-old Zaid al-Kafarna, who fled northern Gaza with his 10-person family to the Um Duhair displacement camp just south of Deir al-Balah days before the 2025 ceasefire, recounted that distant, occasional shooting near the camp gradually escalated into a daily, omnipresent threat that regularly claims civilian lives. His close friend and neighbour Mohammad Aqel was killed by a stray bullet just weeks before the interview, as he prepared to travel back to his home in northern Gaza. Kafarna’s own mother Shereen was recently wounded by an Israeli bullet that penetrated the family’s tent. “When the shooting starts, life stops in our camp. Neighbours warn each other. We leave everything and hold the children, then lie on the ground to avoid the bullets hitting around us. Everyone is terrified, especially the children,” Shereen explained.

The constant shooting also cripples access to life-saving basic resources. Zaid al-Kafarna described harrowing scenes where families waiting in long queues for food and clean water are suddenly targeted by tank and drone fire, forcing crowds to dive for cover on the roadside while aid trucks flee the area to escape attack, leaving thousands of people with no supplies for the day. Many families have been forced to abandon their camps to flee the gunfire, but for most displaced Palestinians, there are no safe destinations left to go, and exorbitant transport costs make relocation financially impossible for nearly all. Left with no other options, residents have resorted to building makeshift sand barriers around their tents and digging shallow trench shelters to hide in during shooting sprees. Shadi Siam, a displaced father of five, dug a small earthen trench next to his family’s tent, where they hide for two to five hours at a time until gunfire subsides. He shared that his greatest fear is the coming winter, when the trench will fill with rainwater and become completely unusable, leaving his children with no protection at all.

For Safia Abo Amra, the loss of Fatima has ripped open unhealed wounds from earlier in the war. “I was shocked and couldn’t speak or move. Her death was twice as painful for me; it reminded me of my daughter and grandchildren who were killed at the beginning of the war,” she said. “My life was attached to Fatima’s. I wish I could die after her.”

London’s Metropolitan Police have taken a 36-year-old unidentified man into custody in connection with a series of provocative posters displayed across the Tower Hamlets borough earlier this year, following a formal complaint alleging the materials carried antisemitic undertones. The posters, emblazoned with the phrase “Labour’s monsters”, featured a widely circulated 2025 photograph captured by award-winning Italian photojournalist Pietro Masturzo, first published in the April 2026 issue of leading Italian news magazine L’Espresso. The original shot was taken on 12 October 2025, the opening day of the annual olive harvest, in the Palestinian village of Idhna located west of Hebron in the occupied West Bank, and shows an armed Israeli settler in military-style uniform taunting a local Palestinian woman. Masturzo explained that the settler in the frame was captured mimicking the guttural sound a shepherd uses to herd sheep, a deliberate gesture the photographer documented as part of a larger report series detailing the rapid expansion of Israeli settlements and their violent, dehumanizing impacts on Palestinian communities across occupied territories. The full L’Espresso feature also included firsthand testimonies from Palestinian residents in the Jordan Valley, where local accounts detail near-daily violent incursions by Israeli settlers who frequently operate with the explicit backing of Israeli security forces. The posters in question were plastered across public spaces in London in May 2026, timed to coincide with the UK’s local government elections, as a form of protest against the Labour Party’s stated policy of support for Israeli actions amid the ongoing conflict in Gaza. The police investigation was formally launched after an individual filed an official complaint to the Metropolitan Police, which was first reported by The Daily Telegraph. The complainant argued that the image constituted a “monstrous characterisation” of a Jewish man, was deliberately selected to appear menacing, and that its framing tied the depicted actions to specific Jewish religious identity markers rather than Israeli state military conduct, claiming the materials were designed to stir up hatred against Jewish communities. The complaint further acknowledged that the posters sought to frame the Labour Party as complicit in Israeli government policy and ongoing accusations of genocide in Gaza. Following several months of inquiry, police arrested the 36-year-old suspect on 1 October 2026 on suspicion of committing a racially aggravated public order offence. He has since been released on conditional bail while detectives continue to gather evidence and advance their investigation. The development comes weeks after UK Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband made a landmark public statement in September 2026, in which he formally labelled violent attacks by Israeli settlers in the West Bank as acts of state-supported terrorism, and accused settler groups of carrying out systematic ethnic cleansing against Palestinian populations in the territory.

In a landmark diplomatic event that reshapes regional geopolitics in the Horn of Africa, Israel’s first designated ambassador to Somaliland, Michael Lotem, formally presented his official credentials to the breakaway territory’s President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi during a high-profile ceremony in the Hargeisa capital last week, the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed in an official public statement released Sunday.
Israel currently stands as the only United Nations member state globally that has formally extended full recognition to Somaliland, a self-declared independent entity in northern Somalia that first proclaimed its sovereign status in 1991 after decades of de facto autonomous governance. The semi-autonomous territory already maintains robust longstanding economic and security partnerships with the United Arab Emirates, which operates a major military installation and port logistics facility in its key commercial hub of Berbera.
During the Hargeisa credential presentation ceremony, participating officials also jointly laid the foundational cornerstone for the upcoming official Israeli embassy premises in the Somaliland capital, a tangible marker of deepening bilateral ties first formalized with mutual recognition between the two parties on December 26, 2025. Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar underscored the Israeli government’s unwavering commitment to expanding collaborative frameworks with Somaliland in the wake of the credential handover, noting the event represented a critical incremental step in advancing shared diplomatic and strategic goals.
The diplomatic breakthrough follows a series of high-level reciprocal exchanges in recent months: Saar completed an official state visit to Somaliland earlier this year, while President Abdullahi traveled to Jerusalem in June to oversee the formal opening of Somaliland’s resident diplomatic mission in West Jerusalem. Abdullahi emphasized during the Hargeisa ceremony that this occasion marked the first time a sitting Somaliland head of state had received formal accreditation from an ambassador representing a UN-recognized sovereign state that acknowledges the territory’s independent status, a historic validation of its 35 years of uninterrupted self-governance.
Ambassador Lotem emphasized that Israel’s formal recognition of Somaliland was far from a symbolic procedural gesture, but a deliberate acknowledgment of the territory’s decades of progress building stable governing institutions, functional public services, and a cohesive democratic governance system. The two nations are currently in advanced exploratory negotiations over a proposed Israeli naval base development on Somaliland’s Red Sea coastline, a location positioned within close proximity to the Bab al-Mandab Strait, one of the world’s most strategically critical maritime chokepoints that connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden and global shipping lanes.
President Abdullahi highlighted Somaliland’s unique geographic positioning during his formal address at the ceremony, noting that its placement along both the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden corridors gives bilateral cooperation with Israel far-reaching regional and international geopolitical significance. He reaffirmed that Somaliland is approaching its new partnership with Israel with full, genuine strategic dedication and a long-term, forward-looking policy framework.
The coastal city of Berbera, Somaliland’s primary commercial port, sits at the center of this strategic value: global logistics giant DP World, based in the United Arab Emirates, operates the Berbera port under a joint development partnership with the British government’s international foreign investment agency, while the UAE also maintains a permanent active military base at the Berbera port complex as part of its own regional security posture.

In a rare public disclosure that breaks from longstanding Israeli official policy of deflecting blame for hostage fatalities, former Israel Defense Forces chief of staff Herzi Halevi confirmed during a Sunday conference hosted by Israeli legal advocacy group Shurat Hadin in New York that Israeli aerial bombardments in Gaza have resulted in the deaths of civilian and military captives held by Palestinian armed groups. Halevi framed the massive military pressure campaign waged across Gaza over the past two years as a critical factor that enabled negotiated prisoner swaps to return the majority of the 251 people abducted during the 7 October 2023 Hamas-led cross-border assault on southern Israel to their families alive. But he offered an unvarnished admission of a long-rumored, previously unconfirmed operational tragedy: “Our bombs killed hostages. We did not know they were there.” For nearly two years prior to Halevi’s remarks, Israeli official spokespeople had uniformly rejected all allegations that its military operations had killed detainees held in Gaza, and instead consistently placed full responsibility for all hostage fatalities on Hamas forces. Local Israeli daily Maariv first reported back in October 2025, citing anonymous senior defense officials, that a significant number of captives had been killed by Israeli airstrikes, particularly in the chaotic opening weeks of the ground and air campaign in Gaza. The newly public confirmation also casts new light on the controversial Hannibal Directive, a long-debated Israeli military protocol that permits commanders to use overwhelming lethal force to stop soldiers from being taken captive, even if that action risks killing the service members in question. Multiple Israeli media outlets have previously verified that IDF leadership activated the Hannibal Directive across the entire Gaza-Israel border corridor in the immediate hours after the 7 October 2023 incursion began. Halevi, who stepped down from his post as the top Israeli military commander last year, also explicitly acknowledged that the catastrophic 7 October security breach represented a fully preventable intelligence and operational failure, pushing back against fringe conspiracy theories that have circulated in Israeli right-wing circles claiming the assault was enabled by deliberate internal collaboration. He emphasized that no evidence of a widespread insider network aiding Hamas has emerged in nearly two years of official investigations: “Helping Hamas would require not just one person collaborating, but a very broad network. After three years, not even one such person has been found.”