标签: North America

北美洲

  • ‘The fire’s right there’ – Families recount fleeing Washington state wildfires

    ‘The fire’s right there’ – Families recount fleeing Washington state wildfires

    A cluster of fast-moving wildfires sweeping through Spokane, Washington has left a trail of widespread destruction, tearing through hundreds of residential structures, forcing more than 60,000 people to flee their homes and upending the lives of countless local families.

    For many residents, the disaster unfolded with little warning, catching them off guard even in a region long accustomed to seasonal wildfire risk. Amy Mulligan, one of the thousands displaced, was going about a routine afternoon in her backyard last weekend, listening to an audiobook and making final preparations for her five-year-old child’s upcoming birthday party when she first detected the faint tang of smoke in the air.

    Accustomed to periodic wildfire activity across the Spokane area, Mulligan did not immediately panic. She climbed up to her home’s deck to investigate and spotted plumes of thick black smoke billowing in the distance, but a quick check of her phone’s emergency alert system showed no active warnings. Dismissing the risk, she assumed local fire crews already had the blaze under control.

    Minutes later, that calm evaporated completely. Her brother-in-law rushed to her home with urgent news: a nearby neighborhood was under mandatory evacuation. When Mulligan stepped outside again, the fire was no longer a distant threat. The smoke was already rolling over the ridge behind her property, and neighbors were rushing to escape, speeding away in their vehicles while shouting urgent warnings to get out immediately.

    “That activity started to really scare me because that was different than in the past,” Mulligan recalled in an interview. She, her husband, and their two children grabbed a small handful of essential belongings, jumped into their car, and fled the area. Stuck in gridlock evacuation traffic, the couple’s nine-year-old daughter succumbed to panic, hyperventilating and crying as she watched the fire advance around them. It took sustained calming breathing exercises in the car to help her manage her terror as the family inched toward safety.

    Seventy-year-old James Main and his wife were among the many residents who received no official warning at all before the fire reached their neighborhood. “Normally, things would come on your phone and say, ‘Hey, this area, you know, you’ve got fire, level three fire, or anything. There was zero warning for this whole deal,” Main said. He first spotted the blaze, and within just 30 minutes, realized the situation was catastrophic. As he scrambled to pack for evacuation, he experienced a sudden wave of debilitating anxiety that left him frozen. “I kind of froze up for just a few minutes. I think it was like an anxiety attack,” he said. “I’ve never had one before, but I think I had one then.”

    When the couple finally got into their truck to escape, they found their route shrouded in thick, pitch-black smoke that cut visibility to nearly nothing. “We don’t know if we’re heading out of a fire or into a fire because we can’t freaking see,” Main recalled.

    As of Tuesday afternoon, three separate wildfires have scorched more than 10,000 acres across the Spokane region, according to the state’s official wildfire tracking system. The largest of the blazes, the Old Trails fire that destroyed both Mulligan’s and Main’s homes, remains active. Authorities have arrested a suspect on suspicion of setting the Old Trails fire intentionally through arson.

    Remarkably, as of the latest update, no fatalities have been reported across the three wildfires. But the destruction left in their path is staggering: more than 700 homes and other structures have been reduced to ash and rubble. When Main returned to his property after the fire passed to survey the damage, nothing remained of his home beyond charred foundations, smoldering ash, and blackened tree trunks poking through the debris. When asked what the future holds for him and his wife, he answered simply: “We don’t know.”

    For Mulligan, the loss of her home is devastating, but the pain of losing irreplaceable personal mementos cuts far deeper. Her home now is nothing but ash, but the items that brought her to tears are not the structure or its furniture – they are the heirlooms that no insurance payout can ever replace, and no government damage tally ever counts. Among those lost treasures is a family ring passed down to her from her grandmother. The ring had been given to her grandmother by Mulligan’s grandfather on their 49th wedding anniversary, a gesture the grandmother always believed her husband planned because he knew he would not live to see their 50th – a prediction that came true that same year.

    “She had always said she thought that he knew, and that’s why he went ahead and got her this ring. And she had given it to me,” Mulligan said, pausing to hold back tears. “And it’s gone.”

    In the coming weeks and months, thousands of displaced Spokane residents like Mulligan and Main will grapple with the overwhelming work of rebuilding their lives from scratch, after a single day of raging wildfires turned their sense of security and familiar lives upside down.

  • US revokes Brazilian ambassador’s visa, official says, as diplomatic tensions escalate

    US revokes Brazilian ambassador’s visa, official says, as diplomatic tensions escalate

    A deepening rift between the United States and Brazil has taken a sharp new turn, with the U.S. State Department confirming it has revoked the visa of Maria Luiza Ribeiro Viotti, Brazil’s sitting ambassador to Washington. The tit-for-tat escalation comes just weeks ahead of Brazil’s upcoming general elections, and follows a direct snub from Brasilia last month that blocked entry for two senior U.S. diplomatic officials.

    The sequence of disputes began when the Brazilian government refused to issue visas for Riley M Barnes, Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, and Samuel Samson, Deputy Assistant Secretary in the same department, who had planned a late-July visit to Brazil. U.S. authorities framed the trip as a routine mission focused on discussions of freedom of expression, religious freedom, and election integrity. But Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva leveled a serious accusation: the officials intended to meddle in Brazil’s electoral process, a claim the U.S. has repeatedly dismissed as entirely baseless.

    Complicating the context of the blocked visit, the two U.S. officials were scheduled to meet Flávio Bolsonaro, a right-wing congressional candidate and son of former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro. The former president is currently serving a 27-year prison sentence after being convicted of orchestrating a coup attempt to overturn his 2022 election loss to Lula.

    In recent remarks to a gathering of diplomats, Flávio Bolsonaro claimed Brazil’s electronic voting machines shared a supplier with Venezuela’s electoral system, citing an old Central Intelligence Agency report on purported electoral fraud in the South American nation. He later walked back the comment, clarifying that he did not intend to question Brazil’s electoral integrity and instead called for greater international observer presence. The claims have nonetheless been thoroughly refuted by Brazil’s Superior Electoral Court. Independent electoral experts have long held that Brazil’s domestic-built electronic voting system is one of the most secure and transparent electoral frameworks in the world.

    Flávio Bolsonaro, who is running for Senate in the 2026 elections, has drawn high-profile international endorsements from Argentine President Javier Milei and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, amplifying his profile on the global conservative stage.

    A senior U.S. State Department official emphasized that the visa revocation does not amount to a formal expulsion of Ambassador Viotti, a move that would mark a full diplomatic rupture between the two nations. However, the action is the most visible escalation in a string of disagreements that have built up between the two governments over recent months. Earlier disputes include the U.S. reimposing import tariffs on Brazilian goods and Washington’s decision to label Brazilian criminal gangs as foreign terrorist organizations, moves that drew sharp pushback from Brasilia.

    Brazil has also retaliated in another diplomatic standoff: the Lula administration has refused to grant approval for Daniel Perez, the nominee put forward by former U.S. President Donald Trump to serve as the next U.S. ambassador to Brazil. Perez, a Florida state representative and close ally of current U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio, was announced as the nominee on June 1 without the customary pre-announcement consultation with Brazilian authorities, a breach of standard diplomatic protocol that left Brasilia feeling openly disrespected.

    President Lula has been a vocal critic of the State Department under Rubio’s leadership, condemning what he frames as growing and unwarranted U.S. intervention in Latin American politics, including the department’s open endorsement of conservative candidates in regional elections. The BBC has reached out to the Brazilian government, the Brazilian embassy in Washington, and the U.S. State Department for additional comment on the latest visa dispute, but has not yet received responses from all parties.

    As both countries navigate this escalating diplomatic standoff, all eyes are turning to Brazil’s upcoming elections, with growing international concern over how the tit-for-tat disputes will impact bilateral relations and the integrity of the electoral process in one of the world’s largest democracies.

  • US congressman refuses to drop reelection bid over ex-wife’s abuse claims

    US congressman refuses to drop reelection bid over ex-wife’s abuse claims

    A sitting Republican U.S. congressman from Ohio is digging in to defend his seat in the upcoming November midterm elections, refusing to step aside even amid a barrage of serious abuse allegations levied by his ex-wife, whose father is a sitting U.S. senator, and public doubt about his electoral prospects from former President Donald Trump.

    Max Miller, a one-term White House aide who is running for his third congressional term, made his position clear in an exclusive interview with CNN, stating firmly, “I’m never going to back down.” His defiant statement comes just 24 hours after Trump placed a personal call to the incumbent, where he raised questions about whether Miller could secure victory in the November general election, two sources familiar with the call confirmed.

    Miller has issued a full, categorical denial of all claims against him. These include allegations of physical and emotional abuse against his ex-wife Emily Moreno and their young daughter, as well as unsubstantiated claims of illegal drug use, all of which he describes as a baseless smear campaign.

    Court documents and police reports obtained by major U.S. news outlets, including CBS — the domestic broadcast partner of the BBC — detail the serious accusations from Moreno. She alleges Miller threw her into a wall during an altercation, held a loaded gun to her head, and inflicted a fractured collarbone on their two-year-old daughter. During Tuesday’s interview with CNN anchor Jake Tapper, Miller forcefully rejected the accusation of harming his child, saying he has never been physically abusive to his daughter.

    In a video statement posted to X (formerly Twitter) over the weekend, Miller framed Moreno’s accusations as “baseless” and “destructive.” He pointed to his record in office as evidence of his qualifications, arguing, “I’ve been a good legislator. All they’re trying to do is create rumourmills without evidence.” The case has drawn heightened political attention because Moreno’s father, Bernie Moreno, is currently a sitting U.S. senator from Ohio, who has publicly stated his daughter “lives in constant fear” of Miller.

  • SpaceX’s first-ever earnings show a loss and huge spending

    SpaceX’s first-ever earnings show a loss and huge spending

    When Elon Musk-led SpaceX made its debut as a publicly traded company on U.S. stock exchanges in June, it capped off months of anticipation and even briefly soared past legacy corporate giants including Microsoft and Amazon to claim one of the largest market valuations in global history. But just two months after that historic listing, the aerospace and technology firm’s first public quarterly financial report has painted a far more mixed picture of its current performance, sparking immediate investor backlash.

    The report, released this week, reveals that SpaceX’s top-line revenue grew an impressive 92% year-over-year to hit $7.8 billion (£5.8 billion) in the latest quarter. The company’s core business lines — manufacturing next-generation launch rockets, producing its low-orbit Starlink internet satellites, and operating its social media platform X — all contributed to that strong revenue growth, which outpaces many mature public technology firms.

    However, that revenue surge is far overshadowed by an extraordinary spike in operating costs, which have jumped 550% year-over-year to reach $18.3 billion. Over the first half of 2026 alone, the firm posted a net loss of $2 billion, a figure that has alarmed market watchers and shareholders alike.

    In the immediate aftermath of the report’s release, SpaceX’s stock dropped nearly 9% during after-hours trading, erasing all of the gains it had posted during regular trading hours earlier that day. This decline marks the latest chapter in a steady downward trend for the company’s share price, which peaked at $176 on its first day of public trading in June. For the past several weeks, SpaceX’s stock has traded below its $135 initial public offering price, as initial investor hype around the listing has faded amid growing concerns about the company’s aggressive spending and unprofitable trajectory.

    Market analysts note that SpaceX has long poured billions into research and development for long-term projects, including next-generation Starship rockets for deep space exploration and NASA missions, as well as the expansion of the Starlink satellite internet network. Even so, the scale of the recent spending increase has left many investors questioning how long the company can sustain its current growth trajectory without turning a profit.

  • Paramount chief executive David Ellison breaks silence on Warner Bros mega merger

    Paramount chief executive David Ellison breaks silence on Warner Bros mega merger

    The high-stakes battle over one of the biggest media mergers in entertainment history has entered a new chapter, as Paramount Skydance CEO David Ellison has publicly defended his firm’s proposed $110 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery for the first time. In a lengthy op-ed published by *The New York Times*, Ellison pushed back against widespread opposition to the mega-deal, arguing that critics are clinging to an outdated vision of Hollywood that no longer aligns with the modern media landscape.

    Ellison’s intervention comes at a critical moment: the merger, which has already received formal backing from the U.S. Department of Justice and European Union regulators, has been put on an indefinite hold following a wave of domestic antitrust legal challenges. The most prominent lawsuits were filed in July by 12 state attorneys general, led by California’s top law enforcement official Rob Bonta, alongside the Writers Guild of America (WGA). The challengers argue the combined media entity would violate the U.S. Clayton Antitrust Act, stifle market competition, and cut professional opportunities for working writers in Hollywood. As a result of these challenges, federal court proceedings have been paused, with a trial not scheduled to begin until March 2, 2027, effectively freezing all progress toward closing the transaction in the U.S.

    A core point of criticism from opponents has centered on two concerns: that a merged Paramount-Warner would hold too much market power, and that it would undermine the editorial independence of the companies’ major news outlets, Paramount’s CBS and Warner Bros. Discovery’s CNN. Ellison directly addressed both concerns in his op-ed. He stressed that the two legacy news brands would retain full editorial independence and remain strictly non-partisan, committed to delivering balanced, unbiased reporting “straight down the middle.”

    To counter broader antitrust claims that the merger would create an unassailable media monopoly, Ellison presented market share data to refute the idea of excessive market control. He noted that even after the merger, the combined company would capture less than 20% of total television watch time in the United States. When major streaming and digital platforms like YouTube are included in the calculation, that share drops to roughly 13%—far smaller than the collective market power held by major tech and streaming giants such as Netflix, Amazon, and Apple. Ellison emphasized that the resources of these big tech competitors “dwarf ours,” meaning the merged Paramount-Warner would still operate as a far smaller player in a crowded, competitive global media market.

    Ellison also outlined the strategic benefits the merger would bring to creative workers and content production. He committed that the combined company would invest more than $30 billion annually into new content, producing 30 wide-release theatrical films and 170 original television series each year. In an era where algorithm-driven digital platforms have reshaped how content is created and consumed, he argued that scaling up content investment through the merger is critical to supporting and sustaining creative workers across the industry. Even as he laid out this ambitious vision, Ellison acknowledged that audience preference is unpredictable, noting that “nobody can dictate what audiences will love.”

    Despite the regulatory approvals the deal has already secured at the federal and international levels, domestic legal challenges have become a major roadblock. While the DOJ and EU have signed off on the transaction, state-level lawsuits and court delays have halted all momentum for closing, leaving the future of one of Hollywood’s largest ever combinations of media assets up in the air.

  • ‘Like a bomb’ – Residents react after Spokane fires destroy hundreds of homes

    ‘Like a bomb’ – Residents react after Spokane fires destroy hundreds of homes

    The small, tight-knit communities surrounding Spokane, Washington have been left reeling in the wake of an unprecedented destructive wildfire that has reduced more than 700 residential structures to ash, leaving thousands of residents displaced and grappling with overwhelming loss.

    Local residents describe the sudden, devastating scale of the disaster as feeling like a catastrophic bomb has detonated across their neighborhoods, wiping out lifelong family homes, cherished personal mementos, and stable communities in mere hours. Many residents escaped the fast-moving flames with little more than the clothes on their backs, forced to watch from nearby evacuation centers as their properties were consumed by the blaze.

    In a significant development in the ongoing investigation, law enforcement officials have confirmed that one suspect has been taken into custody and is facing formal first-degree arson charges connected to the ignition of the fire. Investigators have not yet released further details about the suspect’s identity or potential motives, as they continue to piece together the sequence of events that led to the massive blaze.

    Emergency response teams, local nonprofits, and government agencies have deployed extensive resources to the region, setting up emergency shelters, distributing food and basic supplies, and beginning the long process of damage assessment. Community organizations have also launched donation drives to support displaced families, as regional leaders declare the disaster one of the most destructive residential wildfire events in the area’s recent history.

  • Sheriff: Spokane arson suspect in custody

    Sheriff: Spokane arson suspect in custody

    A suspected arsonist has been placed behind bars in Spokane County, following on-scene observations and evidence recovered by local law enforcement. According to statements released by the Spokane County Sheriff’s Office, Aaron Farinacci was spotted in suspicious circumstances at the location where the fire broke out. Witness accounts and deputy observations confirm that Farinacci was seen kneeling close to patches of dry grass at the fire’s origin point, a position that raised immediate red flags for responding authorities. After taking the suspect into custody, law enforcement officers conducted a lawful search and recovered common incendiary tools – a set of matches and a disposable lighter – in Farinacci’s possession. The Sheriff’s office has not yet released additional details about the extent of damage caused by the fire, potential motives for the alleged arson, or upcoming court dates for Farinacci. The investigation remains active as authorities continue to piece together the full sequence of events surrounding the blaze.

  • What is Trump Media’s Truth API and why is it controversial?

    What is Trump Media’s Truth API and why is it controversial?

    When former (and current presidential candidate) Donald Trump releases a public statement, financial market traders do not just pay attention—they act within seconds. Every word Trump utters, from trade policy announcements to geopolitical rhetoric, has the proven power to swing asset prices, shifting billions of dollars in market value in minutes. It is little wonder then that teams of human analysts and automated algorithmic trading systems have long monitored his communications nonstop to capitalize on market-moving news before rivals can react. Now, Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), the company behind Trump’s own social media platform Truth Social, is looking to turn this high-stakes information demand into a new steady revenue stream—by charging Wall Street firms and institutional investors for the fastest possible access to posts from the platform’s most high-profile accounts.

    Dubbed Truth API, the newly launched service provides a real-time data feed that delivers posts from Truth Social’s top accounts to paying subscribers in milliseconds. TMTG has not explicitly confirmed that the service includes early access to Donald Trump’s personal Truth Social account, which boasts more than 13 million followers—making it by far the most followed and influential account on the platform. Industry analysts widely agree that Trump’s posts will be the primary selling point for the premium service, which was scheduled to roll out to institutional customers on August 1. According to reporting from the Financial Times, the highest tier of high-speed access could cost subscribing firms as much as $100,000 per month, a figure TMTG has not publicly confirmed or denied.

    For the loss-making TMTG, the new service is framed as a much-needed new source of recurring revenue. While the offering is open to any paying customer, it is explicitly tailored to high-frequency and algorithmic trading firms—entities that TMTG acknowledges are hit hardest by delays to market-moving information. As financial services firm Charles Schwab explains, high-frequency trading (HFT) relies on automated algorithmic systems that execute trades far faster and at far larger volumes than any human trader could manage, turning a tiny per-transaction profit into massive aggregate returns through sheer speed and transaction volume. In this sector, even a millisecond delay can cost a firm millions in lost profits.

    To date, TMTG has remained completely silent on how many firms have pre-registered or signed up for the service. Multiple major U.S. investment banks and HFT firms contacted by the BBC, including Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, Citadel Securities, and Jane Street, all declined to comment on whether they planned to subscribe, a silence that industry insiders say is expected. Joe Saluzzi, co-founder of independent trading firm Themis Trading, argues that the service is effectively worthless for any trading firm that does not already maintain a complex, multi-million-dollar infrastructure built for nanosecond-speed transaction execution. For HFTs that do have that infrastructure in place, Saluzzi notes the incentive to subscribe is high not just for potential profits, but out of competitive pressure: “if I don’t do it, somebody else will.” Saluzzi emphasizes that the offering is not targeted at retail investors or even most traditional institutional investors—it is built exclusively for the small cohort of ultra-fast trading firms with the existing systems to capitalize on the early access.

    The launch of Truth API has ignited a firestorm of legal criticism and ethical debate, centered on one core conflict: TMTG is majority-owned by the Trump family trust, which means Donald Trump himself (who holds roughly a 41% stake in the company) stands to personally profit from selling access to his own public statements, which often relate to U.S. government policy and official business. Two of Trump’s most prominent political critics, Democratic Senators Elizabeth Warren and Adam Schiff, have sent an official letter to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) calling for a formal investigation into whether the service violates federal securities law. The SEC has confirmed it received the letter but has declined to comment on whether it will open an investigation.

    A core point of contention is the risk of improper insider trading, the illegal practice of executing market trades based on information that is not available to the general public. In their letter, Warren and Schiff called the plan “an outrageous abuse of the President’s office for his personal benefit that undermines everyday investors and the integrity of our markets, while enriching Wall Street and other wealthy insiders.”

    TMTG has pushed back aggressively against these criticisms, arguing that Senate Democrats have mischaracterized the service. A company spokesperson claimed the critics either misunderstand the difference between public and non-public information out of ideological opposition to free markets, or both. TMTG argues that all content distributed via Truth API is already public information, so framing the service as enabling insider trading is a misrepresentation of the offering.

    However, former White House ethics lawyer Richard Painter, who served in the George W. Bush administration, told the BBC that selling access to official U.S. government-related statements from the president before they are available to the general public could legally qualify as insider trading. “If I were commissioner of the SEC, I would threaten to resign unless they put a stop to this plan or promise that no posts that have to do with US government business will be included,” Painter said.

    Industry analyst Saluzzi acknowledges that similar premium early-access data services are already common across the financial industry, operated by major news organizations, stock exchanges, and third-party data providers, creating a legal precedent for TMTG’s model. But even he admits that the ethical calculus is very different in this case, given that the president himself stands to profit directly from selling early access to his own official public statements.

  • Arson arrest made over largest of Washington state’s wildfires

    Arson arrest made over largest of Washington state’s wildfires

    In what Washington Governor Bob Ferguson has called the worst natural disaster in Spokane’s recorded history, a series of fast-moving wildfires burning across Washington state’s second-largest city have displaced more than 60,000 residents, destroyed hundreds of structures, and led to the arrest of a local man on suspicion of arson for the largest blaze.

    Three major wildfires — named Old Trails, Fairview and Autumn Lane — ignited around Spokane over the weekend, part of a total 16 active wildfires burning across the northwestern U.S. state, according to the Washington State Department of Natural Resources. As of Tuesday, firefighters continued working to contain the spread, after making incremental progress on two of the three main blazes. While forecast lighter winds and cooler temperatures were expected to bring brief relief on Tuesday, officials warn rising temperatures later in the week will likely reintroduce dangerous fire conditions.

    Thirty-seven-year-old Aaron Farinacci, a Spokane resident with a prior manslaughter conviction, has been charged with first-degree arson in connection with the Old Trails fire, the largest of the three blazes. Spokane County Sheriff John Nowels told reporters witnesses saw Farinacci kneeling near dry grass at the fire’s starting point, and responding law enforcement later found him in possession of matches and a lighter. He is currently being held on a $1 million bond.

    The damage to Spokane communities has been catastrophic. Before-and-after imagery of the burn zone confirms widespread destruction: hundreds of homes and vehicles have been reduced to ash, with more than 700 buildings confirmed destroyed and another 400 structures still awaiting damage assessment. Thousands of acres of dry, brush-covered land have also been consumed by the flames.

    As of Tuesday morning, no deaths or injuries have been officially confirmed, though 14 people remain unaccounted for via mobile phone. Authorities emphasize that the 14 people have not been classified as missing, noting most may have evacuated successfully but lost cellular connectivity or drained their phone batteries during escape. Spokane Mayor Lisa Brown warned that the risk of fatalities remains high, and it is still too early to estimate when evacuated residents will be able to return to their homes.

    Local residents who escaped the flames shared harrowing accounts of the destruction. Anna Andreachi, who lost her entire home in the fire, told reporters that all her personal belongings — including mementos of her recently deceased father, still stored at the property — were gone. Another resident, Joe Cvancara, managed to save his home by digging a defensive fire line around the property, but he described feeling intense survivor’s guilt after his neighbor’s home burned to the ground. Cvancara added that he and his family are opening their home to displaced neighbors, noting that the long process of rebuilding will take months, if not years. Photographs from the disaster zone show residents recovering small, intact personal items — including a stone angel statue salvaged from the wreckage of a burned-out home.

    In response to the crisis, Governor Ferguson has issued a statewide ban on all open outdoor fires to prevent new ignitions. More than 900 firefighters are already assigned to the state’s active wildfires, with additional reinforcements scheduled to arrive from neighboring states in the coming days. Commissioner of Public Lands Dave Upthegrove emphasized that firefighting resources are already stretched beyond capacity across the state, warning that the tinder-dry landscape leaves the entire region vulnerable to new blazes. “Our firefighters are already stretched thin across the state, and with more heat and wind expected this weekend and for the rest of the summer, any new spark on our tinder dry landscapes can lead to another devastating wildfire. I’m urging all Washingtonians to not be that spark,” Upthegrove said.

    The disaster aligns with longstanding warnings from climate scientists, who have documented that human-caused climate change amplifies the warm, dry conditions that create ideal wildfire fuel, while also increasing the frequency and intensity of summer heatwaves and droughts across the Western United States.

  • What will happen when a SpaceX rocket collides with the Moon?

    What will happen when a SpaceX rocket collides with the Moon?

    For millions of years, Earth’s only natural satellite has endured a constant barrage of interstellar impacts. Asteroids and meteors have carved its iconic pockmarked landscape, leaving a sprawling network of craters that tell the story of our solar system’s violent history. In modern decades, human space exploration has added a new type of impact to the Moon’s surface, from intentional probe crashes to accidental collisions from discarded launch hardware. On August 5, the Moon is set to receive yet another human-made visitor: an abandoned upper stage of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, drifting through space at 2.43 kilometers per second (roughly 5,400 miles per hour), is on track to collide with the lunar surface.

    The prediction of this upcoming crash comes from NASA’s Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS), which confirmed the trajectory after independent astronomers used public launch data to identify the rogue rocket component. The discarded stage was left in orbit following a January 2025 joint U.S.-Japanese lunar mission, which carried two lunar landers and a suite of scientific instruments to lunar orbit. While SpaceX designs most Falcon 9 components to be reusable and return to Earth for future flights, upper stages are often jettisoned in space after completing their boost mission, left to drift in orbit until gravitational forces pull them toward a collision with a celestial body.

    Weighing in at no less than 4,000 kilograms (8,800 pounds) on Earth and roughly the size of a five-story building, this piece of space hardware is set to impact near the historic Einstein Crater, a location on the Moon’s Earth-facing side that will be bathed in daylight at the time of collision. Astronomer Bill Gray, the researcher who first identified the object’s collision trajectory, estimates the impact will carve a new crater more than 17 meters (56 feet) in diameter into the lunar surface. The collision is scheduled to occur at approximately 02:35 EDT (06:35 GMT) on August 5.

    NASA has stressed that the incoming rocket stage poses zero risk to populations or infrastructure on Earth. In a statement, agency spokesperson Jimi Russell noted that NASA will continue tracking the booster as a training exercise for near-Earth object monitoring, and will later study the fresh impact site to advance lunar science.

    The unplanned collision has drawn excitement from both amateur and professional astronomers around the world, who see it as a rare, free research opportunity that would be impossible to arrange intentionally. Dr. Matt Bothwell, public astronomer at the University of Cambridge, explained that the event will be far more dramatic than any similar impact on Earth, thanks to the Moon’s lack of atmosphere and much weaker gravitational pull. With no atmospheric drag to slow the incoming rocket, the entire 4,000-kilogram mass will hit the surface at full speed, throwing up an enormous plume of lunar dust that could reach 50 kilometers or higher into space, before spreading across the surrounding terrain. An estimated one million kilograms of rock and dust debris will be launched into space following the impact, a spectacle that cannot be replicated in controlled experiments on Earth.

    While the impact flash will not be visible to the naked eye from Earth, observers with access to high-powered professional or advanced amateur telescopes may be able to spot a brief flash of light on the lunar surface immediately after collision. A broad international collaborative effort is already in place to capture as much data as possible from the event: large ground-based telescopes across the Americas will monitor the impact, NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and South Korea’s Danuri lunar probe will capture close-up observations of the flash, dust plume and newly formed crater, and a citizen science project is recruiting amateur astronomy enthusiasts to record the event as well.

    By observing the plume in real time and mapping the new crater after impact, researchers hope to turn this accidental collision into a groundbreaking scientific experiment. Tracking the volume of ejected material, the height of the plume, and how dust falls back to the surface will allow scientists to refine existing models of lunar impact processes. The crash will also expose fresh, unaltered subsurface material at the impact site, giving researchers a rare unplanned look at the composition of lunar rock just below the surface that has never been exposed to space weathering.

    Beyond the scientific gains, astronomers say the event also serves as a stark reminder of the growing problem of human-made space debris. “I think more people should be more worried about space debris,” Bothwell noted. “Every single year we put more stuff in orbit. Sometimes the satellites just collide, and they shatter into more pieces. I think there’s a worry about a runaway cascade, if we put so much stuff in orbit.” Data from the European Space Agency (ESA) underscores this concern: there are currently more than 54,000 human-made objects larger than 10 centimeters drifting in Earth and lunar orbit, and humans have launched a total of roughly 17,000 tonnes of hardware into space since the start of the Space Age in 1957.

    This is not the first time discarded human rocket hardware has impacted the Moon. The most recent prior incident occurred in 2022, when an upper stage of China’s Long March 3C rocket, left over from the 2014 Chang’e 5-T1 mission, crashed into the Moon’s far side, which is permanently turned away from Earth. Decades ago, NASA intentionally crashed multiple objects into the lunar surface to collect test data ahead of the historic Apollo crewed missions, demonstrating that even unplanned or intentional impacts can advance our understanding of Earth’s closest celestial neighbor.