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Japan has initiated the restart of reactor No. 6 at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant—the world’s largest nuclear facility by installed capacity—nearly fifteen years after the catastrophic Fukushima Daiichi disaster prompted a nationwide nuclear shutdown. The reactivation, originally scheduled for Tuesday but delayed due to an alarm system malfunction, marks a significant milestone in Japan’s protracted nuclear energy revival efforts.

Operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco), the plant’s restart represents the first Tepco-operated facility to resume operations since the 2011 disaster. However, the path to full operational capacity remains protracted: reactor No. 7 is not anticipated to restart before 2030, while the remaining five reactors face potential decommissioning. This would reduce the plant’s maximum output to a fraction of its historical 8.2-gigawatt capacity.

The revival occurs against a backdrop of profound public skepticism and technical challenges. The 2011 Fukushima catastrophe—triggered by a record-breaking earthquake and subsequent tsunami—resulted in widespread radioactive contamination, mass evacuations, and a dramatic erosion of public trust in nuclear safety. An official government inquiry later characterized the disaster as “man-made,” citing systemic failures in preparedness and crisis management.

Despite enhanced safety protocols—including the construction of 15-meter seawalls and watertight barriers at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa—concerns persist regarding Japan’s preparedness for unprecedented natural disasters and climate-change-induced risks. Dr. Florentine Koppenborg of the Technical University of Munich cautioned that while Japan is “super well-prepared” for historical scenarios, its readiness for “something really unexpected” remains uncertain.

Public opposition remains formidable. Surveys indicate that approximately 70% of Japanese citizens support reducing nuclear dependence, and protests continue near Tepco’s headquarters and the Niigata prefectural assembly. Recent scandals—including mishandled confidential documents and data manipulation at other facilities—have further undermined confidence in the industry’s operational integrity.

Financially, nuclear reactivation has proven more costly than anticipated due to stringent new safety requirements. These expenses may ultimately be borne by consumers or taxpayers, contradicting decades of official assertions regarding nuclear energy’s affordability. Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, however, emphasizes nuclear power’s role in achieving energy self-sufficiency, particularly amid growing demand from data centers and semiconductor manufacturing.

Japan’s nuclear energy targets have been substantially scaled back: whereas pre-2011 plans aimed for 50% nuclear dependency by 2030, current objectives target just 20% by 2040. As of 2023, nuclear power accounted for merely 8.5% of Japan’s electricity generation, highlighting the considerable gap between ambition and reality in the nation’s contested nuclear renaissance.

Japan has initiated the restart process for the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear facility, the world’s largest nuclear power plant, marking Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings’ (TEPCO) first return to atomic energy generation since the 2011 Fukushima disaster. The reactor No. 6 commencement represents a pivotal moment for Japan’s energy strategy as the nation confronts escalating electricity demands despite persistent public apprehension.

The reactivation comes after years of regulatory scrutiny and safety upgrades, with TEPCO investing over 1 trillion yen ($6.33 billion) in protective measures including reinforced seawalls, earthquake-resistant command centers, and advanced filtered venting systems. The utility company remains under intense public scrutiny due to its management of the Fukushima Daiichi catastrophe, where meltdowns rendered surrounding areas uninhabitable and resulted in an estimated 22 trillion yen ($139 billion) cleanup cost.

Local residents express conflicted sentiments, acknowledging potential economic benefits while voicing substantial concerns regarding evacuation feasibility in the earthquake-prone region. These worries intensified following the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake that caused significant infrastructure damage, demonstrating the potential impracticality of existing evacuation plans for the approximately 418,600 residents within the plant’s emergency zones.

Japan’s policy reversal on nuclear energy reflects broader strategic calculations, including energy security needs following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, rising fossil fuel costs, and increasing electricity demands from power-intensive AI data centers. The government now aims to nuclear power to constitute 20% of Japan’s energy mix by 2040, more than doubling its current contribution.

The Kashiwazaki-Kariwa reactor will undergo phased activation, reaching 50% capacity within approximately one week before temporary shutdown for comprehensive inspection. Full commercial operation is anticipated by late February, representing a significant milestone in Japan’s reembrace of nuclear technology despite its complex legacy.

In a devastating security breach, the Islamic State militant group has officially claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing that ripped through a restaurant in Kabul’s high-security Shahr-e-Naw district on Monday. The attack resulted in seven fatalities, including one Chinese national, and left multiple others wounded.

The explosion occurred in an area renowned for housing diplomatic missions, commercial offices, and shopping complexes—previously considered among the capital’s safest neighborhoods. Afghan police spokesman Khalid Zadran confirmed the blast originated near the restaurant’s kitchen, claiming the lives of six Afghan citizens and a Chinese individual identified only as Ayub. Among the injured were five Chinese nationals.

China’s Foreign Ministry responded forcefully on Tuesday, with spokesman Guo Jiakun announcing that Beijing has lodged urgent diplomatic representations with Afghan authorities. The Chinese government demanded comprehensive medical care for the wounded, a thorough investigation into the incident, and punishment for those responsible. “China strongly condemns and firmly opposes terrorism in any form,” Guo stated, adding that Beijing supports regional cooperation against terrorist violence.

The ministry issued renewed travel advisories, explicitly warning Chinese citizens against non-essential travel to Afghanistan and urging Chinese entities already in the country to enhance security measures and evacuate from high-risk areas promptly.

Humanitarian organizations reported receiving numerous casualties, with Dejan Panic, Afghanistan director of a relief group, confirming his hospital treated 20 victims, including seven dead on arrival. The wounded included four women and a child.

This attack underscores the persistent security challenges facing Afghanistan since the Taliban’s 2021 takeover, despite their promises to restore stability. The local Islamic State branch remains the primary source of ongoing bomb attacks targeting both civilians and international presence in the region.

Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo is witnessing emotional farewells as Japan prepares to return its last remaining giant pandas to China, marking the end of a five-decade tradition. The twin cubs Xiao Xiao and Lei Lei, born in June 2021, will depart on January 27 under the terms of the China-Japan panda loan agreement expiration, leaving Japan without pandas for the first time since 1972.

The zoo has implemented sophisticated crowd management measures to accommodate overwhelming public interest. Since December 16, visitor numbers have been restricted, with an online reservation system introduced on December 23. The final viewing period from January 14-25 utilized a lottery system that attracted intense competition, with approximately 24.6 applications for each available slot. The zoo estimates 178,000 visitors will have viewed the pandas during this farewell period.

Japanese visitors have expressed deep emotional connections to the departing pandas. Tokyo resident Tezuka, though unsuccessful in securing a viewing slot, still visited the zoo to participate in the collective farewell experience. ‘I couldn’t see the pandas, but I still came,’ she told China Daily. ‘Watching photos taken by others and helping visitors take pictures made me feel part of the farewell.’

Another visitor, Shirakuma, who identifies as part of Japan’s ‘panda generation,’ secured access through persistent online applications. She recalled childhood visits to see the original pandas Kang Kang and Lan Lan with her father, noting how pandas have provided ‘fond memories at different stages of her life.’

Ueno Zoo has organized extensive farewell activities including commemorative photo spots, developmental photo exhibitions, keeper message displays, and an online message board where Japanese netizens have posted heartfelt messages such as ‘Thank you for your companionship all this time’ and ‘Thank you, lovely pandas, for healing me.’

The pandas will undergo quarantine at China’s Ya’an Bifengxia base upon arrival. This panda diplomacy program, initiated in 1972 to commemorate normalized diplomatic relations, has been widely regarded as successful, yielding significant progress in breeding techniques, veterinary care, and public education. Over 30 pandas have been loaned to Japan or born there during this cooperation period.