分类： politics

Malaysian regulators have taken formal action against global short-video platform TikTok, demanding the company explain and fix its repeated failure to rapidly remove harmful content that targets the country’s royal establishment. The Communications and Multimedia Commission announced the legal order Thursday in Kuala Lumpur, confirming the move comes after widespread circulation of severely inappropriate material targeting the monarchy, including AI-manipulated videos and altered images spread from an account that falsely claimed affiliation with King Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar.

In its official statement, the regulator emphasized that content touching on Malaysia’s core sensitive domains of race, religion, and royalty carries unique gravity. Unauthorized and insulting material in these areas does not merely violate online community standards, it also poses a direct threat to public order, national unity, and public respect for the country’s constitutional institutions, the commission noted.

The agency added that Malaysian authorities had already notified TikTok of the problematic content and held prior discussions with the platform to secure content removal. Despite these previous engagements, TikTok’s content moderation response fell far short of expectations, particularly when it came to speedily taking down harmful posts and blocking their further spread across the platform.

TikTok, which has not issued any public statement on the regulatory action to date, also declined to comment on the matter when contacted by The Associated Press. The legal notice delivered to the company requires two core actions: first, a full explanation of why its moderation systems failed to catch and remove the content in a timely manner; second, immediate remedial steps to strengthen its content moderation infrastructure and step up enforcement against any content that violates Malaysian national law or domestic community standards.

The commission stressed that all social media platforms operating within Malaysian borders bear a fundamental responsibility to proactively prevent unlawful and damaging activity on their services. It also issued a clear warning that regulators will continue to implement firm, proportionate enforcement measures going forward to ensure all digital platforms uphold their obligations to maintain a safe, respectful online ecosystem for Malaysian users.

This latest action against TikTok aligns with Malaysia’s broader ongoing effort to tighten regulatory oversight of large digital platforms operating within its jurisdiction. Over the past several years, Malaysian authorities have ramped up enforcement against social media companies over a range of issues, from harmful content and public order threats to scams and unregulated online gambling.

BEIJING — When Chinese President Xi Jinping hosted back-to-back state visits from U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in the Chinese capital, superficial ceremonial parallels masked sharp underlying differences in Beijing’s relationships with the two global powers.

Both visiting heads of state were greeted with full formal honors on Beijing’s Tiananmen Square: they exchanged the obligatory formal handshakes, reviewed marching honor guard contingents armed with polished bayonets, and received enthusiastic welcomes from groups of children waving flowers and national flags. But the core goals, scheduling, and outcomes of the two summits diverged dramatically, revealing the distinct roles Washington and Moscow play in China’s foreign policy strategy.

China’s core priority for Trump’s visit was de-escalation and stabilization of bilateral ties, which had been roiled by escalating trade tensions between the world’s two largest economies. By contrast, Beijing’s objective for Putin’s trip was to expand and solidify its years-long deep strategic partnership with Moscow.

To accommodate Trump’s known preference for high-profile displays of respect, Xi prioritized grand ceremonial hospitality, including a rare private tour of Zhongnanhai — the walled former imperial garden that serves as the headquarters of China’s top ruling bodies. “Xi understands this is what Trump values: being treated as a distinguished VIP, and receiving that respect in front of global media cameras,” explained George Chen, a partner leading the Greater China practice at the advisory firm The Asia Group.

With Putin, a far more frequent visitor to Beijing who has built years of personal diplomatic rapport with Xi, the focus shifted from ceremony to tangible substantive progress. “They reaffirmed their longstanding friendship treaty, signed dozens of new cooperation deals including major energy agreements, and doubled down on their stated ‘no limits’ strategic partnership,” Chen added.

These contrasting priorities were visible even in the basic structure of the two visits. Trump’s trip extended over three days, and included ceremonial side events beyond formal talks: a private guided tour of the historic Temple of Heaven, in addition to his walk through Zhongnanhai’s imperial gardens. Putin’s visit was compressed to two days, with most of his meetings with Xi held inside the Great Hall of the People adjacent to Tiananmen Square. There, the two leaders toured an exhibition chronicling the history of China-Russia ties before holding an informal tea. Notably, the visit marked Trump’s second trip to China as U.S. president, while it was Putin’s 25th visit to the country since he took office.

The clearest divide between the two summits emerged in their core policy messaging. For the Trump meeting, Xi centered discussions on the urgent need to repair relations after months of trade friction, framing the bilateral relationship as one that should be rooted in partnership rather than rivalry. By the end of the summit, the two leaders released a joint statement committing to work toward what they called “a constructive China-U.S. relationship of strategic stability.”

For the Putin summit, by contrast, the messaging centered on reinforcing a deep, longstanding alignment that is both strategically critical and economically mutually beneficial. While Beijing and Washington were still negotiating to resolve trade frictions, Moscow and Beijing publicly reaffirmed their status as indispensable global partners. Putin identified the energy sector, specifically oil and natural gas cooperation, as the primary driving force behind the bilateral relationship.

The gap in tangible outcomes was equally stark. China and Russia finalized more than 40 new cooperation agreements spanning trade, technology, cultural and media exchanges. The two leaders also signed a formal joint declaration positioning Russia and China as “important centers of power in a multipolar world,” pushing back against what they frame as U.S. global hegemony. On the other hand, Trump and Xi did not sign a joint declaration or oversee any public agreement signing during the summit itself. Details of a handful of preliminary accords were only released after Trump departed Beijing: the agreements included a Chinese commitment to purchase $17 billion worth of U.S. agricultural goods on an annualized basis, and a deal to buy 250 Boeing commercial aircraft.

Some analysts have pointed out that the opacity of China-U.S. agreements marked a clear contrast to the transparency of China-Russia cooperation. “China and Russia reached a wide range of clear agreements, while the details of any concrete deals between China and the U.S. remain quite vague,” noted Claus Soong, an analyst at the Mercator Institute for China Studies based in Berlin. Still, not all major expected deals materialized during the Putin visit. Lyle Morris, a senior fellow focused on Chinese national security and foreign policy at the Asia Society Policy Institute’s Center for China Analysis, highlighted that no formal binding agreement was signed for the long-planned Power of Siberia 2 gas pipeline, a project that would ship Russian natural gas to China via Mongolia. “This is a major setback for Russia and for Putin personally,” Morris argued.

Geopolitical alignment also differed sharply on the high-stakes issue of Taiwan, the self-governing democratic island that Beijing claims as part of its sovereign territory. Moscow has long maintained full public alignment with Beijing’s position on Taiwan, while the U.S. has maintained a policy of deliberate strategic ambiguity, serving as Taipei’s primary informal security backer and leading arms supplier.

During his talks with Trump, Xi explicitly framed Taiwan as the most sensitive and important issue in the bilateral relationship, warning that mismanagement of U.S. policy toward the island could spark direct confrontation between the two powers. Trump did not address the issue publicly during his time in Beijing, but during his return trip to the U.S., he described U.S. arms sales to Taiwan as a “very good negotiating chip” in dealings with Beijing — comments that stoked widespread anxiety among Taiwanese officials and the public. No such tensions emerged during Putin’s visit: in the signed joint declaration, Russia explicitly reiterated its opposition to Taiwanese independence “in any form,” and voiced full support for what it called China’s efforts to defend its national sovereignty and achieve unification.

Beyond Taiwan, the two leaders also aligned in expressing shared concern over what they called the “accelerated remilitarization” of Japan, at a time of already strained relations between Beijing and Tokyo over regional territorial and political disputes related to Taiwan.

In the crowded landscape of Indian political symbols, where the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party claims the lotus and the opposition Congress relies on the iconic hand, an unlikely new mascot has exploded into online consciousness: the humble, reviled, notoriously indestructible cockroach. What began as a throwaway offensive comment from India’s Chief Justice Surya Kant has evolved into a viral satirical political movement that has upended conventional Indian politics and given a voice to millions of frustrated young Indians.

The controversy that sparked the movement ignited last month, when Kant made headlines during a public court hearing. He was accused of comparing unemployed young people who gravitated toward journalism and activism to cockroaches and parasites. The judge quickly issued a clarification, stressing his remarks were aimed exclusively at individuals holding fake academic credentials, not the broader Indian youth population. But by the time the clarification was issued, the original comment had already spread like wildfire across Indian social media, sparking a mix of public outrage, dark internet humor, and eventually, the creation of a spontaneous online uprising: the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), or Cockroach People’s Party.

Far from a traditional, registered political party, the CJP is a satire-driven online collective founded by Abhijeet Dipke, a 30-year-old political communications strategist and current Boston University student who previously worked with India’s anti-corruption born Aam Aadmi Party, a group renowned for its sophisticated social media outreach. Dipke originally conceived the CJP as a lighthearted joke, telling BBC Marathi that he simply wanted to create a space for disillusioned young people to gather. What unfolded far outpaced his wildest expectations.

Within days of launching, the CJP racked up tens of thousands of membership sign-ups via a simple Google form, spawned the viral hashtag #MainBhiCockroach (translated “I too am a cockroach”), and earned public endorsements from high-profile opposition politicians. The movement soon crossed over from online to offline, with young volunteers donning cockroach costumes to appear at public clean-up drives and protest events, leaning into the reclaimed label with theatrical, unapologetic energy. By last Thursday, the CJP’s Instagram account hit 10 million followers – surpassing the official BJP account, which counts roughly 8.7 million followers, even as the BJP claims the title of the world’s largest political party by formal membership. While the CJP’s X account, which boasts more than 200,000 followers, is currently withheld for users in India following an unspecified legal demand, the movement’s momentum has shown no signs of slowing.

For its growing base of supporters, the CJP represents a much-needed break from India’s rigid, heavily managed mainstream political culture that often shutters out dissent. Backing for the movement has come from across the political opposition, including prominent figures like MP Mahua Moitra, veteran politician Kirti Azad, and senior lawyer Prashant Bhushan. Critics, however, have pushed back against framing the CJP as a spontaneous grassroots rebellion, pointing to Dipke’s past ties to the AAP and arguing the movement is nothing more than opposition-aligned digital political theater, carefully packaged rather than organically born.

Beneath the memes and insect-themed jokes, the CJP’s rapid rise exposes a deep well of generational frustration among India’s massive youth population. Roughly half of India’s 1.4 billion people are under the age of 30, making it home to the youngest national population on the globe, yet formal political participation among young Indians remains strikingly low. A recent national survey found that 29% of young Indians avoid all forms of political engagement entirely, while only 11% hold formal membership in any established political party.

“People are frustrated because they don’t feel heard or represented,” Dipke explained.

Across South Asia, the past half-decade has seen a wave of youth-led protest movements that have toppled sitting governments in Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh, all fueled by widespread public anger over lack of job opportunities, skyrocketing living costs, and stagnant economic mobility. India has not yet seen a mass uprising of comparable scale, but the underlying economic and social pressures mirror those that drove unrest across the region. Even as India posts impressive headline GDP growth, anxieties over employment, widening economic inequality, and rising cost of living have not eased. For many young Indians entering the workforce, a college education no longer guarantees financial stability, and the long-held promise of upward social mobility feels increasingly out of reach.

While Dipke rejects comparisons between the CJP and the mass upheavals that shook neighboring countries, noting India’s unique political context, he agrees that the frustration among young Indians is tangible – it is simply expressed differently, fragmented across online spaces rather than concentrated in mass street protests. “Gen Z has given up on traditional political parties and wants to create its own political front in a language they understand,” he said.

That distinctly internet-native language is on full display on the CJP’s website, which reads far less like a traditional political manifesto and more like a product of meme culture. The collective describes itself as “the voice of the lazy and unemployed,” boasts “zero sponsors” and “one stubborn swarm,” and invites people “tired of pretending everything is fine” to join its ranks. The site features satirical mock forms, intentionally unpolished design, and a visual identity that feels more like an inside internet joke than a formal political institution. Yet tucked between the self-deprecating jokes about doomscrolling, unemployment, and widespread political burnout are clear, concrete political demands: greater government accountability, media reform, electoral transparency, and expanded political representation for women.

This balance between parody and sincere grievance is core to the movement’s broad appeal. The jokes resonate because the underlying frustrations are universal for young Indians: stagnant job markets, growing inequality, systemic corruption, and a pervasive sense of political alienation. Even the choice of the cockroach as a mascot carries deliberate meaning: far from a heroic or aspirational symbol, the cockroach is defined by its resilience, adaptability, and ability to survive in hostile conditions with minimal resources, a metaphor that hits close to home for many young Indians.

The merging of political satire and organized politics is not a new phenomenon globally: in Italy, comedian Beppe Grillo turned anti-establishment humor into the Five Star Movement, a major force in Italian politics, while in Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy parlayed a career playing a fictional president on television into winning the actual presidency. In the United States, the rise of Donald Trump sparked long-running debates over whether political satire has become obsolete in an era where political reality often feels like parody. The CJP, however, offers a distinctly Indian, internet-first iteration of this trend: a meme-driven, insect-themed movement shaped by viral hashtags, widespread youth burnout, and ironic despair.

While the CJP strikes many observers as an unusual development in Indian politics, it fits into a long history of political spectacle in the country. Indian politicians have long embraced dramatic public displays, from staged meditative retreats in Himalayan caves to high-drama party switching that sees legislators whisked between locations on buses and hidden in hotels to avoid defection. Mainstream Indian political campaigns already rely on tightly choreographed viral content and punchy slogans designed to maximize social media reach. Against that backdrop, an insect-themed satirical movement feels far less out of place than it might seem.

The CJP’s rapid spread is less a sign that young Indians want another formal political party, and more evidence that they are desperate for a new way to express their deep-seated frustration with the status quo. Dipke believes the CJP is just the start of a larger youth-led political shift. “Young people are fed up with the current political system, and more youth organisations will come forward,” he predicted. Skeptics, however, argue the movement is a viral flash in the pan that will fade as quickly as it emerged.

Regardless of its long-term fate, the CJP has already achieved something unprecedented in modern Indian politics: it has, for the first time for many young Indians, made them feel seen and heard. Where past generations of politically frustrated young Indians produced formal manifestos and organized mass movements, 2026 has given rise to a meme-driven party with an insect mascot – a reflection of how a new generation is reimagining political expression for the digital age.