A coalition of over 120 Democratic representatives in the US House has launched a formal inquiry into the Pentagon’s potential deployment of artificial intelligence systems during a controversial airstrike that destroyed an elementary school in southern Iran. The bipartisan group, spearheaded by Congresswoman Sara Jacobs (D-Calif.), submitted a detailed letter to Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth demanding transparency regarding AI’s involvement in target selection, intelligence assessment, and legal determinations during Operation Epic Fury.
The congressional inquiry follows a New York Times investigation revealing Pentagon investigators had preliminarily concluded US forces were responsible for the Minab school bombing that killed at least 175 people, predominantly children. The lawmakers specifically questioned whether the Maven Smart System—an AI targeting platform—identified the Shajareh Tayyebeh girls’ school as a potential target, and if so, whether human operators verified its accuracy before authorization.
This development occurs amid confirmed US military utilization of advanced AI tools in its operations against Iran, conducted in coordination with Israeli forces who have extensively employed artificial intelligence in Gaza conflict zones. Admiral Brad Cooper, head of US Central Command, recently publicly acknowledged that warfighters are ‘leveraging a variety of advanced AI tools’ to process vast data streams rapidly, enabling faster decision-making than adversarial capabilities.
NBC News corroborated these developments, reporting the Pentagon’s operational use of Palantir’s AI systems—partially powered by Anthropic’s Claude AI—to identify potential targets. Secretary Hegseth has consistently advocated for integrating artificial intelligence as the cornerstone of American combat operations, while simultaneously dismantling initiatives aimed at reducing civilian casualties and publicly dismissing established rules of engagement as ‘stupid’ constraints.
The Democratic legislators characterized the mass civilian deaths as ‘alarming yet unsurprising’ given the current administration’s demonstrated disregard for legal frameworks governing military engagements. They emphasized that under international humanitarian law, civilian infrastructure including schools and hospitals ‘may under no circumstances be the object of attack’ and must remain protected domains throughout conflicts.