The African Union has reaffirmed its commitment to deepening agricultural and technological cooperation with China, aiming to accelerate growth and achieve food sovereignty across Africa. This partnership was highlighted during the 2025 General Assembly of the China-Africa Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance, held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Gaspard Banyankimbona, AU Commissioner for Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation, emphasized the importance of leveraging China’s expertise in modern farming, digital technologies, and water management to align with the AU’s Science, Technology, and Innovation Strategy for Africa (STISA 2025–34) and the continental development blueprint, Agenda 2063. Banyankimbona stated that Africa is at a pivotal moment, with vast opportunities to apply innovation for sustainable progress. The alliance provides a platform for joint research in climate-smart agriculture, animal and plant health, agroecology, and food safety. Efa Muleta, Ethiopia’s State Minister for Agriculture, highlighted the country’s progress in agricultural modernization, emphasizing the integration of Chinese technological expertise with local strengths to enhance productivity. The collaboration includes training and exchange programs in the livestock sector, with capacity-building initiatives set to begin immediately. The three-day assembly, co-organized by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the African Academy of Sciences, and the Mission of China to the African Union, brought together over 200 scientists, policymakers, and representatives from agricultural institutions across China and Africa. Lise Korsten, President of the African Academy of Sciences, noted that China’s agricultural modernization journey offers valuable lessons for Africa, particularly in addressing the paradox of food insecurity despite Africa’s vast uncultivated arable land. Abebe Haile-Gabriel, Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative for Africa at the FAO, described China-Africa South-South cooperation as a strategic lever for transforming African agriculture, highlighting tangible outcomes such as higher rice yields, improved pest management, and digital farming adoption.