分类： world

In a sweeping legislative move that has drawn international condemnation, Afghanistan’s Taliban-led government has enacted a comprehensive penal code that systematically institutionalizes gender-based discrimination and social hierarchy. The decree, formally issued as Decree No. 12 and signed by Supreme Leader Hibatullah Akhundzada in January, establishes a legal framework where women face harsher penalties for visiting relatives without spousal permission than men receive for domestic violence offenses.

The 60-page document, comprising 119 articles, grants husbands and household heads unprecedented authority to determine and administer punishment within their homes. Notably, the code mandates three months imprisonment for women visiting paternal relatives without authorization, while imposing merely 15 days detention for husbands who inflict visible injuries on their wives—provided the victim can substantiate her case before judicial authorities.

United Nations Human Rights Commissioner Volker Turk denounced the legislation during an address to the Human Rights Council in Geneva, stating it “defines several crimes and punishments that contravene Afghanistan’s international legal obligations.” He emphasized that the code legitimizes domestic violence against women and children through corporal punishment provisions while criminalizing dissent against Taliban leadership.

In a stark illustration of prioritization, the penal code imposes stricter animal welfare protections than safeguards for women. Organizing animal fights—a traditionally popular pastime banned since 2021—carries a five-month prison sentence, exceeding penalties for spousal abuse. Meanwhile, Susan Ferguson, UN Women’s Special Representative in Afghanistan, confirmed the legislation “formally removes equality between men and women before the law.”

The code further establishes a discriminatory sentencing structure based on social status. Religious scholars and elites receive mere judicial warnings for offenses, while tribal leaders face summonses. Ordinary citizens risk imprisonment, and marginalized groups become subject to corporal punishment—specifically mandating up to 39 lashes administered to “different parts of the body.” This tiered system exempts capital crimes, where murder and blasphemy against Prophet Muhammad remain punishable by death, though repentance may commute blasphemy sentences to six years imprisonment.

This represents the first comprehensive penal code issued since the Taliban’s 2021 takeover, building upon previous restrictions including education bans for girls beyond primary school, employment limitations for women, and strict behavioral mandates. Commissioner Turk urgently appealed for reversal of these policies, declaring “Women and girls are the present and the future, and the country cannot thrive without them.”

Gaza’s Government Media Office has issued a stark warning that Israeli-imposed restrictions on World Central Kitchen’s humanitarian operations could force the organization to cease its critical food distribution services in the territory. The office emphasized that such a development would produce severe humanitarian consequences for the war-ravaged population.

According to Ismail Ibrahim al-Thawabta, the office’s director general, Israeli authorities have dramatically reduced the number of trucks permitted to deliver food supplies from 25 to just five vehicles daily. This drastic reduction has severely compromised WCK’s operational capacity and jeopardizes the continuity of its essential nutrition services that sustain thousands of Gaza residents each day.

Thawabta further reported that pressure is being applied to compel WCK to source raw materials from within Israel, fundamentally altering established supply routes and procedures. This strategic shift introduces additional logistical complications and increased operational costs compared to previous humanitarian delivery mechanisms.

‘The Gaza Strip faces indicators of a worsening humanitarian crisis if restrictions on aid continue,’ stated the Government Media Office, holding ‘the occupying power’ responsible for limiting humanitarian supplies in violation of international humanitarian law.

While WCK confirmed it continues providing humanitarian assistance in Gaza, the organization acknowledged it cannot sustain operations indefinitely without consistent and reliable aid flow. ‘We are constructively working with all parties involved to resolve this supply chain issue,’ the organization stated, emphasizing the need for immediate, regular humanitarian access from Egypt into Gaza.

The nonprofit has become one of Gaza’s most essential relief providers, accounting for over 60% of all NGO-delivered humanitarian assistance. WCK reached the significant milestone of distributing one million hot meals daily in February, with total meal deliveries exceeding 272 million since the conflict began in 2023. Their work remains particularly crucial amid worsening food insecurity and malnutrition resulting from Israel’s blockade on relief supplies.

This development follows the April 2024 incident where Israeli military actions killed WCK’s team in Gaza, temporarily suspending the organization’s operations and highlighting the persistent challenges faced by humanitarian workers in the region.

KABUL, Afghanistan — In a significant escalation of cross-border tensions, Afghan military forces announced Thursday they had captured multiple Pakistani army installations along the contentious Durand Line frontier. The offensive operation was characterized as retaliatory action against Pakistani airstrikes that targeted eastern Afghan border regions earlier this week.

According to statements from Afghanistan’s eastern military corps media office, intensive combat operations commenced Thursday evening in direct response to Pakistan’s recent aerial bombardments. Afghan government spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid declared via social media that “large-scale offensive operations were launched against Pakistani military bases and military installations” following what he described as “repeated rebellions and insurrections of the Pakistani military.”

Initial reports from Afghan officials presented conflicting accounts of the scale of territorial gains. Mujahid initially confirmed the capture of at least five Pakistani army posts, while provincial authorities in Nangarhar later claimed Afghan forces had seized control of 17 military installations along the border region.

Pakistani security officials and local authorities reported their border forces in northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province were responding to “unprovoked fire” by targeting the positions from which artillery fire originated. The exchange of fire reportedly began in the Khyber district before spreading to at least four additional border districts.

This recent outbreak of violence represents the most serious deterioration in relations between the neighboring nations since October, when border clashes resulted in dozens of casualties among soldiers, civilians, and suspected militants. The current tensions follow Pakistan’s announcement on Sunday of border strikes that allegedly killed 70 militants—a claim vehemently denied by Afghan authorities, who reported numerous civilian casualties including women and children.

The fragile ceasefire agreement mediated by Qatar between the two nations has largely maintained stability despite occasional border skirmishes. However, several rounds of peace negotiations in November failed to produce a formal diplomatic resolution to the long-standing border disputes.

The Durand Line, spanning 2,611 kilometers (1,622 miles) between the two countries, remains a persistent source of contention as Afghanistan has never formally recognized the border established during British colonial rule.