分类： politics

A public dispute has erupted between Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte over the nature of Italy’s role in the U.S.-led conflict against Iran, opening a new rift in already strained transatlantic relations amid heightened tensions in the Middle East.

Speaking to Fox News this Thursday, Rutte pushed back against recent criticisms from U.S. President Donald Trump, who had accused multiple European Union allies of refusing to back the U.S.-Israeli military campaign codenamed Epic Fury. The NATO chief claimed that a large number of allied nations had opened their military bases to support the operation, estimating that between 4,000 and 5,000 aircraft had departed from European bases for strike missions. Specifically, he highlighted that 500 U.S. warplanes had taken off from U.S. bases hosted on Italian territory to support Epic Fury, calling the level of European involvement “massive.”

Meloni, who is already facing intense backlash from domestic political opponents over accusations that she has hidden the true extent of Italy’s involvement in the conflict from the public, swiftly rejected Rutte’s framing during a Franco-Italian summit held in southern France. She dismissed the NATO chief’s comments as an oversimplified and overly enthusiastic misrepresentation that blurred key distinctions between different categories of authorized flight activity. The Italian leader stressed that Rome had not taken part in active combat operations against Iran, noting that Rutte’s account directly contradicted Trump’s repeated public complaints that European allies have failed to contribute sufficiently to the conflict. “If we had participated in the Iran conflict, there would be no explanation for this disappointment that the US president keeps reiterating very often,” Meloni told reporters. She clarified that Italian bases were only used for logistical support activities, not for offensive combat sorties.

The disagreement comes against a backdrop of growing friction between Rome and Washington, sparked by a series of hostile comments from Trump targeting Italy and its leadership. Just weeks before the NATO chief’s remarks, Trump drew fierce condemnation from Italian officials after he falsely claimed Meloni had “begged” him for a photo during a side meeting at the G7 summit. Meloni hit back at the accusation on social media, saying she could not understand why the U.S. president repeatedly takes such aggressive stances against his own allies. She added that it was disappointing that Trump shows far more leniency toward the leaders of Western and American adversaries than he does to close partners like Italy. In response to Trump’s “serious and offensive words,” Italy’s foreign minister also announced he would scrap a planned official trip to Washington, further escalating the diplomatic row.

Iran has also weighed in on the dispute, with Deputy Foreign Minister for Legal and International Affairs Kazem Gharibabadi pointing to international law to back a critical stance. In a post on the social platform X, Gharibabadi noted that United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 clearly defines the act of a state permitting its territory to be used by a third country to launch attacks on another sovereign nation as a form of aggression.

This report was originally published by Middle East Eye, an outlet that provides independent, in-depth coverage of the Middle East, North Africa and surrounding regions.

In a landmark ruling that marks a high-profile reckoning for South Korea’s former political leadership, Seoul Central District Court has sentenced Kim Keon-hee, the wife of ousted ex-president Yoon Suk-yeol, to seven years behind bars on criminal bribery charges. The conviction was issued on Friday, after the court unanimously found Kim guilty of accepting hundreds of millions of won in illicit luxury gifts in exchange for leveraging her position as first lady to secure job placements and other political favors for private gain.

According to South Korea’s Yonhap News Agency, the court upheld all charges brought against Kim, confirming she received approximately 300 million won ($195,000) in valuable goods in return for facilitating favor requests from individuals across multiple sectors of society. The seven-year sentence handed down is six months shorter than the total prison term prosecutors with the special counsel team had initially requested in the case.

Kim’s defense team had contested the charges throughout the trial, arguing either that the former first lady never accepted the gifts in question, or that the items were not tied to any specific formal requests for favors. The court rejected these claims outright in its written ruling, issuing a sharp rebuke of Kim’s conduct while holding public office.

“The defendant neglected the social responsibility demanded by her position as first lady and instead used it as a tool for private gain,” the court wrote in its ruling. It further noted that the widespread willingness of figures from diverse industry and political sectors to approach Kim with gifts and solicitation requests confirmed that an extensive, informal patronage network had formed around her during her time in the Blue House.

“Public decision-making processes, which should be fair and transparent, became entangled with money and were reduced to tradeable goods for her personal benefit. This fundamentally undermined the fairness and trust in public decision-making,” the ruling added.

Immediately after the sentence was issued, Kim’s legal representatives told reporters that they believe the court overemphasized evidence and circumstances unfavorable to their client, announcing plans to launch a full review of the written judgment ahead of a formal appeal. The special counsel team, by contrast, welcomed the court’s verdict, framing it as a balanced, appropriate ruling that aligns with widespread public expectations of justice in South Korea.

This sentencing marks the second major conviction for Kim this year. In April, an appellate court threw out a lower court’s 20-month sentence and instead handed down a four-year prison term for Kim in a separate, unrelated case involving stock manipulation and additional bribery charges. Legal analysts note that the cumulative sentences could result in a decades-long prison term for the former first lady if both convictions are upheld on appeal, marking one of the most severe penalties ever issued for a South Korean first spouse convicted of public corruption.

When former U.S. President Donald Trump formalized a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to end open hostilities with Iran on June 17, global markets and policymakers breathed a collective sigh of relief. But just days after the deal was signed in Versailles on June 18, that cautious optimism has curdled into widespread concern: far from resolving long-simmering tensions between Washington and Tehran, the agreement has merely kicked a growing crisis down the road, with its underlying contradictions already emerging to destabilize the arrangement.

The catalyst that pushed Trump to the negotiating table was Iran’s four-month closure of the Strait of Hormuz, a critical global chokepoint for oil shipments launched in February. The move triggered one of the most severe energy supply disruptions in modern history, sending inflation soaring across Western economies and leaving American motorists facing skyrocketing gasoline prices that eroded public support for Trump’s handling of the conflict. Facing growing domestic pressure ahead of November’s midterm elections, Trump had little choice but to enter talks to end the blockade.

Yet the tangible benefits of the deal for the United States remain murky at best. Former President Barack Obama, who negotiated the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, has already cast doubt on the agreement, noting it is unlikely to deliver meaningful improvements over the framework he oversaw. Tehran used its closure of the strait to leverage major concessions from Trump – concessions that experts say go beyond the terms of the 2015 nuclear deal – without offering any new concessions on Iran’s nuclear program beyond the proposals it put forward in Geneva just before open hostilities began in February. Even prominent senior Republicans, including Senator Bill Cassidy, have criticized the deal for granting substantial financial incentives to the Iranian regime that they argue undermine U.S. strategic interests.

Within just 72 hours of the MoU being signed, Iran’s military command announced it had reclosed the Strait of Hormuz, a move that came as little surprise to analysts. The swift action underscores a critical shift in the regional balance of power: the Trump deal has inadvertently emboldened Tehran, granting it new leverage to hold the global economy hostage to advance its strategic goals. Despite absorbing massive damage to its military infrastructure, political leadership, and economy over four months of conflict, Iran has emerged from the fighting in a position to dictate ceasefire terms, holding the constant threat of renewed energy disruptions over Washington to force concessions. This outcome signals a major loss of strategic control for both the United States and its closest regional ally, Israel.

Iran framed its closure of the strait as a response to Israeli strikes against Iranian-backed Hezbollah forces in Lebanon, a justification that lays bare the fundamental structural flaw in Trump’s approach to diplomacy. Iranian officials have openly stated that preventing further Israeli strikes in Lebanon is the top priority for their negotiating team. This sets up an inescapable vicious cycle: every time Israel exercises its right and political obligation to retaliate against Hezbollah attacks on its territory, Iran can threaten to close the strait again, triggering new energy price shocks and U.S. inflation.

This puts Israel in an impossible position. No sovereign state can permanently surrender its right to self-defense as a condition of a U.S.-brokered diplomatic agreement, and it is highly unlikely that Israel’s security cabinet will accept a framework that allows Iranian-backed militias to attack Israeli territory with impunity. As Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir emphasized, “Israel is not subject to the United States, and we are an independent and sovereign nation.” The deal, critics argue, is not a sustainable strategy of deterrence – it is blatant coercion disguised as diplomatic progress.

For Trump, the domestic political calculus of the deal is equally unstable. While the former president claims the agreement delivers on all its stated goals, he acknowledged at the recent G7 summit in France that he acted to avoid an “economic catastrophe” driven by sustained high energy prices. Skyrocketing gasoline prices have already made the conflict deeply unpopular with American voters, and continued volatility would severely damage his party’s prospects in the upcoming November midterms. Trump’s decision to enter the ceasefire was not a deliberate strategic choice: it stemmed from a recognition that continued military pressure was producing diminishing domestic political returns, leaving him with little room to continue open hostilities.

Worse still, the deal fails to restore meaningful U.S. strategic agency in the region. Iran has now demonstrated to the world, its regional allies, and its own population that it can act aggressively against U.S. and Israeli interests and still negotiate from a position of strength. Nothing that has occurred over the past four months has pushed Tehran to revise its long-held core worldview, shaped by revolutionary ideology, deep-seated mistrust of the United States, and its self-conception as a regional protector of Shia communities across the Middle East. If anything, the outcome of the conflict has reinforced Tehran’s commitment to its aggressive regional posture.

Today, the entire agreement hinges on developments in Lebanon, the new fault line for U.S.-Iran-Israeli tensions. While Israel recognized this reality from the start, the Trump administration has only just begun to grasp the stakes. Trump’s recent incendiary threat to “blow the shit out of them” if Iran fails to comply with the terms of the deal already signals that his patience with his own agreement is wearing thin.

In the end, the Trump-Iran MoU is nothing more than a ceasefire with a built-in detonator. As both Trump’s domestic political base and Israeli leadership increasingly conclude that diplomatic restraint no longer serves their core interests, further escalation will stop being a choice – and will become the only available outcome.

Amid shifting military and political dynamics across the Middle East, the United States is actively evaluating a major restructuring of its military footprint in the Gulf region, with a potential relocation of some key assets to Israel following a series of damaging Iranian retaliatory strikes earlier this year, according to a recent exclusive report from The Wall Street Journal.

Under the proposal being discussed, the US would revamp its long-standing naval base in Bahrain, while drawing down its permanent military presence in both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Two anonymous senior officials cited in the WSJ investigation confirmed that shifting a portion of Gulf-based operations to Israeli territory is a core option under consideration.

The discussion of this major strategic shift comes in direct response to escalating regional hostilities that unfolded earlier this year. On February 28, the US and Israel launched a coordinated military offensive against Iran, framed by US leadership as a necessary action to eliminate what former President Donald Trump described as imminent threats posed by the Iranian regime. The primary public objectives of the campaign included the complete destruction of Iran’s nuclear program and key military infrastructure.

In retaliation for the joint attack, Iran launched targeted strikes against American military assets across the Gulf region between late February and June. The US Navy’s central base in Bahrain, a critical hub for American naval operations in the Middle East, was hit repeatedly. The WSJ documented extensive damage to the site, including severe harm to the base’s command headquarters and at least a dozen other supporting structures. To date, the Pentagon has declined to publicly confirm the full scale of destruction caused by the strikes.

Parallel to these military deliberations, shifting public opinion within the United States has emerged as a major political factor, following the signing of the 60-day Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding between Washington and Tehran. The ceasefire pact paused active hostilities to allow space for negotiations on a permanent end to the conflict, and has coincided with a sharp turn in public sentiment against the war, new polling data shows.

A national public opinion survey conducted by Quinnipiac University finds that 60 percent of registered American voters now view the US military campaign against Iran as “not worth it.” The poll also reveals that the temporary ceasefire has eroded public confidence in the US’s ability to achieve its core war goals: 61 percent of respondents believe it remains likely that Iran will eventually develop nuclear weapons, despite the joint offensive.

Notably, this skepticism crosses traditional partisan lines in American politics. Majorities of both Democratic and Republican voters agree that Iran is still either somewhat or very likely to pursue a nuclear weapons program, marking a rare point of consensus between the two major political camps on a divisive foreign policy issue.

This reporting is part of independent coverage of the Middle East, North Africa and broader global affairs from Middle East Eye, an outlet focused on original, on-the-ground analysis of the region.

At its annual representatives meeting this week, the British Medical Association (BMA)—the body representing more than 200,000 doctors across the United Kingdom—passed a landmark motion rejecting the adoption of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism within the National Health Service (NHS). The vote marks the highest-profile pushback yet against UK government policies that healthcare workers say are being used to stifle legitimate criticism of Israel’s actions in Gaza and suppress advocacy for Palestinian human rights.

The approved motion does more than reject the definition: it calls for an urgent independent inquiry into how the IHRA framework has impacted lawful political speech and professional expression regarding Israel’s military campaign in Palestine. It also affirms the right of UK healthcare institutions to push back against attempts to use the definition to shut down public debate over alleged war crimes and human rights violations. With the motion’s passage, BMA members are now authorized to lobby the UK government, NHS England, and key sector stakeholders to reverse current policy aligned with the IHRA definition.

In an official statement provided to Middle East Eye (MEE), the BMA emphasized the core motivation behind the vote: “Doctors have witnessed in horror the humanitarian crisis that has unfolded during the Middle East conflict, with the devastating loss of civilian life and in particular, the attacks on healthcare workers and healthcare facilities, and must be able to legitimately challenge the actions of states and armed forces without being unfairly accused of any kind of discrimination, or threatened with disciplinary action.”

The BMA’s decision comes in direct response to policy moves from the UK’s Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), which earlier this month formally backed the findings of a government-led review into anti-Jewish hate in the NHS. That review, led by controversial government antisemitism adviser Lord John Mann, centers the IHRA definition—a document long mired in debate for its framing that critics say conflates legitimate criticism of the Israeli state with antisemitism. The Mann review’s recommendations include mandatory antisemitism training for all NHS staff, a ban on political symbols in NHS workplaces, and a prohibition on doctors and nurses attending political protests while in official uniform.

Weeks before the BMA vote, MEE revealed that a cross-coalition of UK healthcare workers had already submitted an open letter to the DHSC calling for an immediate halt to the rollout of the Mann review’s recommendations. At this week’s annual meeting, BMA delegates passed a separate emergency motion backing that call to pause implementation. Though some attendees alleged the motion amounted to antisemitism and called for it to be pulled from the agenda, the BMA’s internal legal team confirmed the motion complied with all rules, and it passed after full debate.

The vote follows a growing pattern of disciplinary action and regulatory investigations targeting UK doctors who have publicly criticized Israel’s actions in Gaza. Many of these cases have explicitly cited the IHRA definition to justify disciplinary measures, giving the BMA’s decision immediate personal stakes for hundreds of medical professionals across the country.

London-based emergency doctor Dr. Nadeem Crowe is one of the most high-profile doctors targeted: he was abruptly suspended from his role at London’s Royal Free Hospital mid-shift in August 2024 after an anonymous complainant used the IHRA definition to label his social media posts about Palestinian rights as antisemitic. The suspension was only lifted after Crowe was pressured to delete the posts, with hospital leadership threatening a full formal investigation if he refused to comply.

Crowe described the personal and professional toll of the action in an interview with MEE: “I know the reality of this weaponisation intimately – after dedicating 15 years to my clinical career, I was abruptly suspended following an anonymous complaint that used the IHRA definition to brand my private social media posts regarding Palestinian rights as ‘antisemitic’. It completely derailed my career, and the toll has been severe personally – this hostile regulatory overreach profoundly aggravated a long-standing clinical anxiety disorder, forcing me onto sick leave, requiring increased medication, and causing severe emotional and psychological distress. Being stripped of your livelihood mid-shift over your identity and humanitarian beliefs doesn’t just impact your job, it rips you apart emotionally.”

Crowe has since filed a legal claim against the hospital trust alleging racial discrimination and harassment, and is awaiting a court ruling on the case. He called the BMA’s vote to reject the IHRA definition a long-overdue win for healthcare workers’ rights. “For too long, this deeply flawed framework has been misapplied, serving instead to systematically stifle legitimate political speech, humanitarian concern, and criticism of the state of Israel. The BMA is finally standing up for intellectual honesty and the rights of healthcare professionals to speak out on global humanitarian crises,” he said.

Another UK doctor, Dr. Nizar Mhani, has faced a barrage of repeated anonymous complaints over his public criticism of Israel’s military campaign in Gaza, all citing the IHRA definition. Though every investigation launched by his regulator and hospital has cleared him of any wrongdoing, he said the campaign of complaints was explicitly designed to intimidate him into silence. “There are malicious groups who have been canvassing for complaints against me, on the grounds that I allegedly support terrorism and am an antisemite. Their intention was to harass me into feeling intimidated to the point where I was no longer able to criticize Israel or support the Palestinian cause. I was doxxed, webpages were set up with my details on, and information shared about how to complain about me. I’ve had investigations by my regulator and my hospital, and every single one has concluded there is no case to answer and that I committed no wrongdoing,” Mhani told MEE.

Despite the harassment, Mhani said he has no plans to stop speaking out. “I don’t think I will stop speaking out – the price I’m paying is small compared to what Palestinians are going through,” he said. He welcomed the BMA’s rejection of the IHRA definition, calling it a deeply flawed and overly politicized framework that has been weaponized to target pro-Palestine healthcare workers.

Alongside rejecting the IHRA definition and pausing the Mann review rollout, BMA delegates passed two additional key votes this week. The first called for an immediate end to vexatious complaints against doctors, which the union says are regularly used to misuse UK medical regulatory processes to intimidate and harass staff who speak out on Middle East issues. The second vote opposes the General Medical Council (GMC), the UK’s medical regulator, having the legal authority to appeal rulings issued by its own independent tribunal service—a power that allows the GMC to re-investigate and re-sanction doctors who have already been cleared of all allegations.

That vote aligns with legal action the BMA launched earlier this month challenging the GMC’s appeal power, which many healthcare workers say is being explicitly used to crack down on pro-Palestine advocacy. The most prominent example of this is the case of prominent British-Palestinian surgeon Dr. Ghassan Abu Sitta, who was cleared of allegations of antisemitism and glorifying terrorism brought by the pro-Israel lobby group UK Lawyers For Israel. Despite the tribunal’s ruling clearing Abu Sitta, the GMC has since launched an appeal to overturn the verdict.

Abu Sitta told MEE the appeal lays bare how the regulator has become a tool for political pressure from pro-Israel lobby groups. “The decision by the GMC to appeal to the High Court to overturn the findings of its two tribunals and to effectively say it needs a third attempt to find a judge who will give it the right political verdict highlights the extent to which the regulator has become a tool for political pressure at the hands of UK Lawyers For Israel. All of the complaints against me came from UK Lawyers For Israel, and that in itself highlights the complicity of the GMC in pandering to an organisation that says it exists to wage lawfare against those that it considers the enemy of Israel,” he said.

Abu Sitta added that doctors hold a unique moral responsibility to speak out on human suffering they witness, and that targeting them for that testimony is an attempt to silence the truth. “Doctors are in a unique position to become bearers of witness to human suffering in a way no other profession can – those who are behind this oppression want to silence the witnesses’ statements, and punish them by having them thrown out of the profession,” he said.

In a response to MEE’s request for comment on the BMA’s votes and the Abu Sitta case, a GMC spokesperson defended the regulator’s actions, saying: “Our focus is protecting the public, and we are satisfied given the nature of the allegations that it is right that we appeal in [Dr Abu Sitta’s] case. We operate independently of both the government and the medical profession, and make all of our fitness to practise decisions on the facts of each case, assessing whether there is any current or ongoing risk to public protection, public confidence in the medical profession, and professional standards and conduct.”

Mhani echoed the BMA’s concerns about the GMC’s appeal power, saying the mechanism is being exploited by political lobby groups to target dissenting doctors. “This is a dangerous lever to the processes that exist, and it is being used as a vehicle for political entities and lobby groups who are putting pressure on the GMC to overturn decisions. The regulator runs the risk of becoming a vehicle for abuse and a conduit for harassment towards its registrants, and it is slowly becoming unfit for purpose,” he said.

In a final vote reaffirming core professional rights, BMA delegates voted to uphold all doctors’ right to freedom of speech on political issues, matters of public conscience, international conflict, and international humanitarian law. Delegates noted that widespread belief among UK doctors that political pressure is unduly influencing GMC disciplinary processes, with restrictions on speech only being enforced when that speech supports Palestinian rights. Mhani summarized that view, saying: “It is only now that opinions have been shared in support of the Palestinian cause that apparently political views are sensitive and need curtailing, and this in and of itself is part of the dehumanisation of Palestinians.”