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Shanghai’s Fudan University has become the permanent home for a new international intellectual cooperative as the Secretariat of the Global South Think Tanks Alliance was formally inaugurated on Thursday. The establishment occurred during the third Global South Think Tanks Dialogue, marking a significant advancement in South-South cooperation frameworks.

The alliance, initially proposed during the ‘BRICS Plus’ leaders’ dialogue in Kazan, Russia in October 2024, represents a strategic initiative to strengthen collaborative networks among developing nations. Its core mission centers on advocating for a more balanced multipolar world order and promoting inclusive global governance structures that better represent Global South interests.

Operating under the auspices of Fudan University’s School of International Relations and Public Affairs, the Secretariat will function as the central coordinating body for member institutions worldwide. It will facilitate academic exchanges, joint research initiatives, and expert personnel deployments across the alliance network. The Secretariat will additionally serve as a knowledge repository and resource hub supporting collaborative projects among participating think tanks.

A distinctive feature of the initiative involves leveraging Fudan University’s artificial intelligence capabilities to address development challenges specific to Global South nations. The Secretariat will pioneer innovative cooperation models through technological integration, positioning AI as a transformative tool for southern hemisphere development.

Fudan University President Jin Li emphasized the institution’s longstanding commitment to Global South studies during the launch ceremony. ‘Our university has cultivated specialized expertise in Global South research and educated generations of students dedicated to southern hemisphere development,’ Jin stated. He further committed to deepening collaboration with alliance members to advance modernization efforts across developing nations and establish a more equitable international architecture.

Israeli media outlet Walla has revealed a disturbing surge in Palestinian fatalities within Israeli detention facilities, documenting 110 deaths over the past two and a half years under the restrictive policies of far-right National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir. This figure represents a dramatic escalation when compared to historical data, which recorded approximately 187 Palestinian detainee deaths between 1967 and 2007—an average of fewer than five per year. The current rate equates to nearly one death per week, a pace described as a “record high” by the report.

The investigation attributes this alarming mortality rate to a series of severe measures implemented by Ben Gvir. These include significantly reduced food rations, deprivation of sunlight, limitations on warm clothing and access to showers and hygienic products, and systematic violent beatings and cell raids. While Walla’s data indicates that most deaths occurred in hospitals during treatment rather than inside detention centers, the conditions leading to these medical emergencies are directly linked to prison policies.

Human rights organizations have long documented the mistreatment of Palestinian detainees, but reports confirm that abuses have intensified sharply since the onset of Israel’s war on Gaza in October 2023. Systemic torture and abuse have reached unprecedented levels, with at least 100 prisoner deaths documented under these conditions. Both international and Israeli human rights groups, including B’Tselem, have condemned the situation, with the latter referring to the prisons as “torture camps.”

Israel’s Public Defender’s Office recently reported on deteriorating conditions, noting that Palestinians endure extreme hunger, overcrowding, and systematic violence by prison staff. This assessment was corroborated by a UN Committee Against Torture report last month, which found the use of torture by the Israeli state to be “organised and widespread” and noted a grave intensification since October 2023.

An estimated 9,250 to 10,000 Palestinians are currently held in Israeli prisons, with nearly half detained without charge or trial under indefinitely renewable administrative detention orders. This reporting on prison deaths emerges alongside deliberations on a new bill, championed by Ben Gvir, that would allow the death penalty for Palestinian prisoners convicted on “nationalistic” grounds—a penalty that would not apply to Israelis under similar circumstances. The bill has advanced through a preliminary reading in the Knesset, with Ben Gvir symbolically wearing a noose pendant during discussions to emphasize his commitment to the legislation.

December 8, 2024, marked a seismic shift in Syrian history as Bashar al-Assad’s five-decade dynastic rule abruptly collapsed under a lightning rebel offensive. The overnight disappearance of his regime transformed Damascus from a surveillance state to a city of liberation, with Assad’s omnipresent portraits replaced by revolutionary martyrs’ memorials.

The initial euphoria saw prisoners emerging from notorious detention centers while citizens celebrated in streets once patrolled by leather-jacked security forces. Yet this victory remains bittersweet for families like that of content creator Abd al-Hadi Safi, whose brother vanished into Assad’s prison system in 2012. “We got rid of a tyrant, but without justice, this story isn’t finished,” Safi told Middle East Eye, echoing sentiments of thousands seeking accountability.

President Ahmad al-Sharaa’s transitional government faces monumental challenges in reconciling sectarian divisions that erupted violently throughout the year. Alawi communities suffered retaliatory massacres despite comprising only 10-15% of the population, while July’s Sweida province operations triggered catastrophic Druze-Bedouin violence that killed hundreds and required tribal peace agreements.

The Kurdish northeast presented different complications, with nominal reintegration agreements masking deep distrust between the Syrian Democratic Forces and Damascus. While Sharaa’s administration canceled millions of Assad-era travel bans and formed transitional justice committees, many victims’ families perceive continued impunity for former regime officials.

Internationally, Syria’s diplomatic transformation has been remarkable. Sharaa’s pragmatic approach—dismantling Assad’s captagon empire, confronting Hezbollah supply lines, and cooperating on counterterrorism—earned him an unprecedented Oval Office meeting and gradual sanctions relief. Analyst Kamal Alam notes: “Sharaa understood the previous regime never compromised and paid the price. He has been the opposite—flexible, pragmatic.”

One year into this transition, Syria stands between celebration and reckoning—having toppled a dictator but not yet built a fully just state from the ruins of his police regime.