BEIJING – A devastating explosion at a fireworks manufacturing facility in southern China has claimed 21 lives and left 61 people injured, according to official Chinese state media reports released Tuesday.
The accident unfolded on Monday afternoon at a factory operated by Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Display Co., located in Liuyang—a county-level city administered by Changsha, the capital of Hunan province. Liuyang has long been recognized as one of China’s most prominent centers of fireworks production, with deep historical roots in the industry stretching back more than 1,000 years.
Aerial footage broadcast by China’s state-owned CCTV on Tuesday morning revealed lingering white smoke still rising from sections of the blast site, where industrial buildings have been left collapsed or severely damaged by the force of the explosion.
In response to the disaster, Chinese authorities dispatched nearly 500 professional rescue workers to the scene, and moved quickly to evacuate all residents from nearby high-risk zones. The evacuation order was prompted by the presence of two unharmed black powder storage warehouses adjacent to the explosion site, which posed major secondary hazard risks for first responders. To mitigate these risks and prevent follow-up accidents during search and rescue operations, crews implemented safety protocols including continuous water spraying and site humidification to neutralize residual explosive materials. Three specialized search and rescue robots were also deployed to assist in accessing unstable, high-risk areas of the site to locate missing people and clear debris.
Shortly after the blast, Chinese President Xi Jinping issued formal instructions calling for all-out efforts to locate any remaining missing people and provide urgent medical care to the injured. He ordered authorities to accelerate the investigation into the root cause of the explosion, hold responsible parties legally accountable per national safety regulations, and strengthen systemic public safety management across China. President Xi also emphasized the urgent need for nationwide risk screening and hazard control enforcement across all high-risk key industries, to prevent similar deadly accidents from occurring.
As of Tuesday’s official updates, the person in charge of the Huasheng facility has been taken into police custody, while the formal investigation into the cause of the blast remains ongoing.
Liuyang’s connection to fireworks production dates to the Tang Dynasty, between 618 and 907 CE. According to Guinness World Records, the first formally documented firework was developed by Li Tian, a Tang Dynasty monk who lived near modern Liuyang. Li discovered that packing gunpowder into hollow bamboo stalks created powerful loud explosions, and he bundled these stalks together to create the traditional Chinese New Year firecrackers, a tradition that remains central to Chinese cultural celebrations to this day.
This latest explosion marks another fatal industrial accident in China’s fireworks industry this year. In February, during the Lunar New Year holiday period, two separate deadly blasts at fireworks retail shops killed multiple people across the country, prompting calls for tightened safety oversight ahead of this year’s peak production and celebration season.