Brazil, a key player in South American trade, is facing significant economic uncertainties due to the unpredictable tariff policies of the United States. Despite recent efforts to ease trade tensions between China and the US, the lingering effects of the US-initiated trade war continue to disrupt global markets and undermine investor confidence. Raquel Nadal, Deputy Secretary for Macroeconomic Policy at Brazil’s Ministry of Finance, emphasized the lack of predictability in trade conditions, which is stifling investment and growth. ‘If you cannot foresee the terms and conditions of your exports, you hesitate to invest. These tariffs are highly detrimental,’ Nadal stated. She highlighted the risks posed to Brazil’s trade surplus with China, particularly concerning soybean exports, which could suffer if China leverages soybean sales in negotiations with the US. Vivian Fraga, a regulatory affairs expert at TozziniFreire, noted that the US tariffs have far-reaching consequences, reshaping global supply chains and increasing costs across industries. Even companies not directly involved with the US are affected as the ripple effects spread worldwide. Evandro Menezes de Carvalho, an international law professor at Fluminense Federal University, criticized the US trade war for contradicting the principles of the World Trade Organization, which promotes tariff reduction to boost international trade. Carvalho pointed out China’s resilience in handling the tariff wars, forcing the US to reckon with the economic costs of its policies. He also predicted ongoing fluctuations in US-China relations, driven by competition for technological dominance and contrasting approaches to globalization. ‘We are witnessing a US-driven deglobalization and a China-led re-globalization through multilateralism,’ Carvalho remarked. As Brazil navigates these challenges, the broader implications for global trade and economic stability remain a pressing concern.