China’s top judicial bodies have introduced a landmark set of rules to crack down on dangerous misinformation targeting civil aviation, imposing heavy criminal penalties on anyone who fabricates or intentionally spreads false terrorist threats that endanger flight safety.
The new judicial interpretation, released jointly by the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, will go into effect on Thursday, April 9, 2026. The guideline is designed to standardize legal processes and help judges and prosecutors handle criminal cases related to civil aviation flight safety more consistently and effectively.
Luo Guoliang, chief judge of the SPC’s Fourth Criminal Division, emphasized that aviation safety is a non-negotiable foundation for public well-being and social order. “Ensuring the safety of civil aviation flights is crucial for protecting the lives and property of ordinary people, as well as for maintaining long-term social harmony and stability,” Luo said. He added that in recent years, sporadic cases of fabricated terrorist threats and unruly disruptive behaviors on board aircraft have drawn widespread public concern over aviation security.
To illustrate the real-world impact of these violations, Luo cited a 2024 incident: a passenger who missed his flight deliberately told airline staff at an information desk that his aircraft carried a bomb. The false claim forced the evacuation of all passengers for a full secondary security sweep, delaying the flight by roughly two hours and disrupting the entire airport’s operating schedule.
The seven-article judicial interpretation clearly outlines criminal penalties for various violations that threaten civil aviation, with particularly harsh sanctions reserved for creators and spreaders of fake terrorist information. The guideline formally classifies any behavior that disrupts the normal operations of flights or airports, or requires emergency intervention from public security, armed police, fire, health quarantine and other professional response agencies, as a criminal offense. Perpetrators whose actions cause major social disorder or substantial economic losses will face a minimum sentence of five years in prison.
Beyond defining penalties, the interpretation also clarifies court jurisdiction rules for criminal cases that threaten flight safety, closing legal loopholes that previously complicated prosecutions of these offenses.
Recent industry data shows that ongoing security crackdowns have already started to reduce in-flight violations. The Civil Aviation Administration of China reported that in 2025, China’s civil aviation sector handled 770 million passenger trips, and law enforcement teams responded to 1,081 in-flight safety incidents — a 6.5% decrease from 2024. The incident rate per 10,000 flights dropped even more sharply, falling 17% year-on-year. Judicial officials expect the new, clearer penalties will act as a stronger deterrent, further reducing these dangerous disruptions and protecting the traveling public.









