Viola Ford Fletcher, the oldest known survivor of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre, has died at the age of 111, as announced by Tulsa Mayor Monroe Nichols on Monday. Fletcher was just seven years old when a white mob attacked Greenwood, a prosperous Black neighborhood in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in May 1921. The massacre, one of the deadliest episodes of racial violence in U.S. history, claimed an estimated 300 lives and left Greenwood, often referred to as Black Wall Street, in ruins. Over 1,200 homes, businesses, and churches were destroyed, and no one was ever held accountable for the atrocities. Fletcher spent her later years advocating for official recognition of the massacre and reparations for its survivors and descendants. Despite her efforts, a lawsuit filed by Fletcher and other survivors was dismissed by the Oklahoma Supreme Court in 2024. However, Tulsa recently announced a $105 million reparations package to address the massacre’s enduring impact. Fletcher’s life was marked by resilience and advocacy. In 2021, she testified before the House Judiciary Subcommittee, recounting the horrors she witnessed and emphasizing that the massacre’s legacy remained with her every day. Mayor Nichols, Tulsa’s first Black mayor, praised Fletcher’s lifelong commitment to justice, describing her as a beacon of hope and purpose. The last known survivor of the massacre, Lessie Benningfield Randle, is now 111 years old. The Tulsa Race Massacre, sparked by false accusations against a Black teenager, Dick Rowland, remains a stark reminder of systemic racism and its devastating consequences in American history.
Viola Ford Fletcher, oldest survivor of Tulsa Race Massacre, dies aged 111
