Sanae Takaichi has made history by becoming Japan’s first female prime minister, securing a decisive victory in both houses of parliament. The 64-year-old leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) garnered 237 votes in the Lower House and 125 in the Upper House on Monday, marking a significant milestone in Japanese politics. Known for her staunch conservative views and admiration for former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Takaichi assumes office during a period of economic uncertainty and public discontent. Her election comes as Japan grapples with rising living costs and a series of short-lived premierships, with Takaichi being the fourth prime minister in just five years. Despite initial obstacles, including the withdrawal of support from the LDP’s coalition partner, Komeito, a last-minute deal with another opposition party secured her position. Takaichi’s leadership will be tested both domestically and internationally. Domestically, she faces the challenge of restoring public trust in the LDP, which has recently suffered significant electoral losses. Internationally, her right-wing, nationalist leanings have raised concerns in South Korea, while her hawkish stance towards China mirrors that of her predecessors. A crucial test lies ahead with an upcoming meeting with U.S. President Donald Trump, where she must navigate complex bilateral issues, including defense spending and security treaties. Takaichi’s conservative policies, such as her opposition to same-sex marriage and her stance on married women retaining their maiden surnames, have drawn mixed reactions, particularly among younger women. Despite these challenges, her election has injected a sense of optimism into the markets, offering a glimmer of hope for Japan’s economic future.