Germany’s ambitious plans to reintroduce military service have been thrown into disarray following a last-minute dispute among the governing coalition parties. The proposed compromise, which included elements of mandatory conscription, was abruptly rejected, leaving the future of the initiative uncertain. Chancellor Friedrich Merz has emphasized his vision for Germany to possess the strongest conventional army in Europe. However, a scheduled press conference to unveil the proposals was canceled unexpectedly, just days before the draft bill was set to be presented to parliament on Thursday. Defence Minister Boris Pistorius has dismissed allegations of undermining the plans. Despite being the EU’s largest economy, Germany’s military has suffered from chronic underfunding since the Cold War’s end. Berlin is now urgently seeking to bolster defense spending and personnel, driven by warnings of a potential Russian attack within the next four years. Yet, the issue of military service remains politically sensitive, with significant public apprehension rooted in Germany’s 20th-century history of militarization. A recent Forsa survey for Stern revealed that 54% of Germans support compulsory service, while 41% oppose it, with opposition rising to 63% among 18 to 29-year-olds. Germany aims to expand its armed forces from 183,000 active personnel to 260,000 by 2035, alongside 200,000 reservists. Under draft plans announced this summer, 18-year-olds would complete an online questionnaire about their background and willingness to serve for at least six months. While mandatory for men, the questionnaire remains optional for women. The coalition government, comprising Merz’s conservative CDU/CSU and the centre-left SPD, initially agreed to reintroduce voluntary military service. However, CDU politicians, including Merz, have expressed concerns that a purely voluntary system may fall short. Negotiations between the coalition parties had reportedly yielded a multi-stage compromise, including a potential lottery system for mandatory service if recruitment targets were unmet. Yet, the SPD remains resistant to any form of compulsory service. Pistorius, while supportive of a strengthened military, has criticized the latest plans as impractical, advocating instead for all eligible young men to undergo medical assessments by July 2027 to assess available manpower. Despite the political impasse, Pistorius remains optimistic that a new law will be enacted by next year. Germany’s defense ministry faces significant logistical challenges in building the infrastructure needed to support its expanded military ambitions. Conscription was suspended in Germany in 2011, allowing young men to choose between military service or social work as conscientious objectors.