A comprehensive survey conducted by the Council on Foreign Relations in partnership with Morning Consult reveals significant American opposition to current tariff levels on Chinese imports. The study, conducted January 7-8 among 2,203 nationally representative adults, found that 49% of respondents consider existing tariffs “too high,” while only 6% believe they are too low.
The research emerges amid escalating trade tensions, with a new 10% universal tariff implemented this Tuesday through Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974. According to White House officials cited by the Financial Times, this temporary levy is scheduled to increase to 15% within 150 days.
Political affiliation substantially influences tariff perceptions, with 67% of Democratic supporters viewing current Chinese tariffs as excessive compared to 46% of Republicans who consider them “about right.” The survey indicates three-fifths of Americans believe even a modest 10% tariff increase would adversely affect consumers, middle-class households, small businesses, and the broader economy.
The report cites Yale Budget Lab data showing peak tariff rates reached 135% in April 2025 before moderating to 24% by January. Other analyses from the Center for Strategic and International Studies estimate combined sectoral and IEEPA tariffs currently average 47.5%.
Despite divided opinions on trade volume with China—over one-quarter of respondents expressed no clear preference—the survey reveals strong bipartisan support for cooperation on specific issues. Sixty-five percent of Americans endorse collaborative efforts in technological innovation, educational exchanges, poverty reduction, manufacturing modernization, and global health research.
The findings suggest generational differences in China perceptions, with 38% of adults aged 18-34 describing China as a friend or ally compared to just 11% of those aged 65 and above.
China’s Ministry of Commerce responded to developments by calling for revocation of unilateral tariffs and expressing willingness to engage in candid consultations during upcoming sixth-round economic talks. This follows last week’s Supreme Court ruling that President Trump exceeded authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act when imposing sweeping tariffs.