Japan successfully launches new cargo spacecraft to deliver supplies to International Space Station

Japan’s space agency, JAXA, achieved a significant milestone on Sunday with the successful launch of its new flagship H3 rocket. The mission, which carried the unmanned HTV-X1 cargo spacecraft, marks Japan’s latest effort to deliver supplies to the International Space Station (ISS). The launch took place at the Tanegashima Space Center in southern Japan, where the HTV-X1 was successfully placed into its planned orbit. If all goes according to plan, the spacecraft is expected to dock with the ISS in a few days, with Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui set to retrieve it using the station’s robotic arm. The HTV-X1 is the successor to JAXA’s H-II Transfer Vehicle, known as Kounotori, which completed nine missions to the ISS between 2009 and 2020. The new spacecraft boasts enhanced capabilities, including a larger payload capacity and the ability to supply power during flight, enabling the transport of sensitive lab samples requiring low-temperature storage. Additionally, the HTV-X1 can remain connected to the ISS for up to six months, delivering supplies and retrieving waste, before embarking on a three-month technical mission in orbit. The H3 rocket, which replaces the H-2A model, is designed to be more cost-competitive in the global space market, reflecting Japan’s commitment to establishing a stable and commercially viable space transport capability. Since its failed debut in 2023, the H3 has completed six consecutive successful flights, underscoring its reliability and potential for future missions.