Significant progress emerges in the Israel-Hamas peace process as both parties indicate readiness to advance toward the second phase of their truce agreement. Palestinian militant group Hamas has expressed unprecedented willingness to discuss disarmament terms, while Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu acknowledges the challenging road ahead in achieving Gaza’s demilitarization.
Bassem Naim, a Hamas political bureau member, articulated the group’s openness to a comprehensive approach during discussions with The Associated Press in Qatar. While welcoming the potential deployment of a United Nations stabilization force along border regions to monitor ceasefire compliance, Naim explicitly rejected any international military presence within Palestinian territories.
The diplomatic developments follow reports that U.S. President Donald Trump intends to announce the transition to Phase Two of the Gaza peace process before Christmas. This phase addresses the most contentious elements of the agreement, including Hamas’s disarmament and Gaza’s demilitarization.
Netanyahu, during a Jerusalem news conference with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, confirmed that Israel anticipates moving to the second phase shortly after recovering the remains of deceased hostage Ran Gvili. The Israeli leader credited military pressure and Trump’s diplomatic engagement with Arab and Muslim nations for compelling Hamas to negotiate.
Despite these diplomatic advances, tensions persist on the ground. Israeli forces reportedly stormed a UN relief agency headquarters in East Jerusalem, while settlers continued land operations in the northern Jordan Valley. These actions have raised concerns among Arab and Muslim-majority nations, particularly following Israel’s announcement about opening the Rafah crossing, which prompted eight countries to issue statements rejecting Palestinian displacement.
Regional analysts warn that Israel’s objections to proposed stabilization force participants—specifically Türkiye and Qatar—and its continued military operations threaten to undermine the entire peace process. Haydar Oruc, a Middle East researcher, emphasized that Israel must cease attacks, permit humanitarian access, and allow interim administration establishment to facilitate successful transition to Phase Two.