分类: technology

  • Robot wars – what an operation in Ukraine tells us about the battlefield of the near future

    Robot wars – what an operation in Ukraine tells us about the battlefield of the near future

    The ongoing conflict in Ukraine is reshaping the future of global military engagement at an unprecedented pace, with a growing cohort of new-age defense firms predicting that robotic combatants could soon outnumber human troops on the battlefields of the country. This bold claim comes from UFORCE, a Ukrainian-British defense technology startup that operates out of an unmarked, low-profile office in London – a security precaution implemented to fend off potential sabotage attempts from Russian actors, according to company representatives.

    The discussion around robotic combat surged into the public eye last month, when Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky highlighted a historic, first-of-its-kind military operation in a public video address. According to Zelensky, Ukrainian forces successfully seized hostile territory using only robotic systems and drones, a milestone he framed as a turning point in modern warfare. Neither the Ukrainian military nor UFORCE has released concrete details about the alleged operation; however, a UFORCE representative confirmed that the firm’s air, land, and sea unmanned systems are already active in frontline combat operations across Ukraine.

    “I can’t go into specifics about the operation or how UFORCE was involved, but we’ve conducted more than 150,000 successful combat missions since the full-scale Russian invasion in 2022,” explained Rhiannon Padley, the company’s UK director of strategic interactions. Padley added that the trend of robots fighting robots will only become more widespread, projecting that unmanned systems will eventually surpass human soldiers in number on future battlefields.

    Russia has already deployed its own robotic systems to deliver explosive payloads to Ukrainian positions, and independent defense analysts broadly agree that the war in Ukraine has accelerated the development and deployment of unmanned military technology by years. Beyond shifting the dynamics of the current conflict, this rapid advancement has ignited a global debate over the ethical, strategic, and operational implications of widespread robotic and AI-integrated warfare.

    Melanie Sisson, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Brookings Institution, framed Ukraine as a global leader in the evolution of modern defense technology. “I really consider Ukraine to be a major teacher in the future of national defence and armaments,” Sisson noted. “It’s an impressive case study in how necessity drives invention.”

    UFORCE is at the forefront of a new wave of disruptive “Neo-Prime” defense startups that are challenging the dominance of long-established legacy defense contractors including BAE Systems, Boeing, and Lockheed Martin. One of the most high-profile of these new entrants is Anduril, a US-based defense technology firm that completed its first test flight of an autonomous, unpiloted fighter jet in February of this year.

    While the vast majority of unmanned systems currently in use remain remotely controlled by human operators, companies like Anduril are rapidly integrating artificial intelligence into weapons platforms to increase autonomous functionality. UFORCE’s land-based drones already use AI-powered software to assist human operators with targeting, and Anduril confirms that some of its newest systems can independently complete the final stage of an attack without human input.

    The US federal government has publicly pushed for rapid adoption of AI across the US military, with Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth stating in January that the country must transition to an “AI-first warfighting force.” A 2025 assessment from the US Department of Defense also confirmed that China is rapidly expanding its own development and deployment of AI-integrated military systems, intensifying a global arms race in autonomous defense technology.

    Many analysts argue that a future of widespread robot-on-robot combat is all but unavoidable. Jacob Parakilas, a researcher with the independent think tank RAND Europe, points out that cross-drone combat is already a regular occurrence in Ukrainian airspace. “Seeing that extend to land and maritime warfare seems extremely likely, if not inevitable,” Parakilas said.

    Despite the strategic and operational advantages touted by developers, human rights organizations have raised urgent alarms over the growing autonomy of weapons systems, particularly the critical issue of accountability for civilian harm and unlawful killings. “Militaries adopt AI to speed up processes such as target identification. But delegating life-and-death decisions to machines poses profound ethical and human rights risks,” explained Patrick Wilcken, a military technology researcher at Amnesty International.

    Defense manufacturers push back on these criticisms, arguing that retaining a “human in the loop” for critical decision-making mitigates these risks, and that all final decisions to use lethal force remain in the hands of military personnel. Proponents of AI-integrated systems also argue that autonomous technology can reduce human error in high-stress combat environments. “Humans need rest and food, and under combat conditions those needs aren’t always met,” said Dr Rich Drake, UK general manager at Anduril Industries. “Computing allows us to reduce errors across what we call the kill chain.”

    The explosive growth of UFORCE underscores the massive commercial opportunity in autonomous military technology: the startup has expanded rapidly amid the war in Ukraine and recently achieved unicorn status, reaching a valuation of more than $1 billion. As global investment pours into this emerging sector, the question is no longer whether robotic warfare will become the norm, but how the international community will govern its use to mitigate ethical and humanitarian harm.

  • The rapid embrace of AI in China, its biggest testing ground, may shape how AI is used globally

    The rapid embrace of AI in China, its biggest testing ground, may shape how AI is used globally

    Across major Chinese cities from Beijing to Shenzhen, crowds of ordinary people and business professionals are gathering in droves to access hands-on support installing cutting-edge artificial intelligence tools, highlighting a sweeping, rapid shift toward mass AI integration in the world’s most populous nation. More than a year after Chinese AI developer DeepSeek stunned global tech circles with its high-performance advanced model, China has evolved into the world’s largest live testing environment for widespread consumer and enterprise AI use. While U.S.-built AI models still hold an edge in raw computational power, Chinese users and companies have embraced the technology at an unprecedented pace, embedding it into nearly every sector of daily life and economic activity.

    As global AI integration accelerates across workplaces and personal routines, Chinese residents are leveraging generative AI tools for an extraordinary range of routine tasks, from travel planning and food delivery to ride-hailing and professional workflow optimization. Official data from the China Internet Network Information Center reveals that as of December 2024, over 600 million of China’s 1.4 billion people were active generative AI users — marking a 142% year-over-year surge in adoption. The recent boom in demand for agentic AI tools such as the popular OpenClaw, which can autonomously complete complex multi-step tasks, has driven a corresponding spike in AI data consumption. According to OpenRouter, an AI gateway platform that tracks usage across models, the weekly share of AI data tokens (the core units of processed AI data) consumed by Chinese-developed models has now surpassed that of leading U.S. models.

    The trend of mass AI adoption cuts across all demographics, from working professionals to retirees. Sixty-four-year-old Jason Tong, a retired IT engineer based in Shanghai, has used domestic AI chatbots including Doubao and Kimi for daily queries since their launch, and recently began using an AI-powered personalized blood glucose monitoring service. Tong has found the tool’s fast, customized health advice invaluable, and he views widespread AI integration as an inevitable technological shift. “Just as carriages were eventually replaced by trains, this is bound to happen,” he explained.

    Chinese AI-integrated products, from smart cars with voice-activated planning capabilities to humanoid robots with advanced cognitive functions, have also seen major technical leaps in recent months. Lizzi Lee, a fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute’s Center for China Analysis specializing in technology and economics, notes that global AI competition is rapidly shifting from standalone model development to building full integrated ecosystems. “Chinese users are basically acting as real-time testers at scale,” Lee observed.

    Leading Chinese technology giants including Tencent, Alibaba and Baidu are now locked in a race to commercialize AI at scale. Tencent has already integrated OpenClaw into WeChat, China’s ubiquitous super-app that combines messaging, food delivery, mobile payments and dozens of other daily services into one platform, while Alibaba has embedded agentic AI into its internal business and merchant workflows.

    OpenClaw, which was originally developed by Austrian software engineer Peter Steinberger in 2023, has exploded in popularity in China thanks to its ability to connect multiple digital tools to complete complex end-to-end tasks. For Zhao Yikang, a college student in Macao, the tool has transformed both his academic work and professional internship at a Zhuhai real estate agency, where he uses it to automatically generate promotional content and manage social media accounts. Zhao highlighted the tool’s low cost and high efficiency: he recently asked OpenClaw to build a fully functional website for his upcoming post-graduation photo services business, and the project was completed in 10 minutes for less than 0.70 U.S. dollars. “AI can understand things in a second,” Zhao said. “You just need to act as a commander and tell it what to do.”

    While Chinese regulators issued temporary warnings over potential data security risks as OpenClaw installations skyrocketed, that has done little to dampen public enthusiasm for the tool. Across the country, domestic businesses are increasingly setting internal mandatory targets to scale AI adoption to boost operational efficiency. Janet Tang, a technology partner and managing director at global consultancy AlixPartners, notes that China’s unique market landscape offers an unmatched range of use cases for AI testing. Wang Xiaogang, co-founder of leading Chinese AI firm SenseTime and chairman of ACE Robotics, echoed that sentiment: “The industry is developing very fast and the people, they are very open and they are eager to try the AI in a lot of scenarios.”

    Chinese policymakers have actively supported the AI boom, investing heavily in talent development and subsidizing low-cost electricity to power energy-intensive AI computing infrastructure. In the national five-year plan running through 2030, Beijing has pledged to deliver an average annual growth rate of at least 7% in national research and development spending, with AI as a core priority. A national “AI Plus” strategy lays out a roadmap to integrate artificial intelligence into every major sector from healthcare to education to public administration: a court in Shenzhen reported that it processed 50% more cases in 2024, in part thanks to AI tools that streamline judicial workflows.

    However, U.S. export controls on advanced semiconductors remain a key bottleneck for China’s AI advancement. Samm Sacks, a senior fellow at New America focusing on Chinese technology policy, explained that U.S. restrictions on cutting-edge AI chips have slowed the expansion of Chinese chipmaking capacity and remain the biggest vulnerability for many Chinese AI research labs. Even so, Sacks added, the restrictions have also forced greater coordination across China’s domestic tech supply chain, uniting design, manufacturing and end-user adoption around a homegrown innovation agenda. “Over time this dynamic could fuel, not foil, China’s ambitions,” Sacks said.

    The impact of that growing domestic coordination is already visible: when DeepSeek launched its highly anticipated V4 AI model preview last month, the system is partially powered by chips from Chinese tech giant Huawei, reducing the country’s dependence on leading U.S. chipmakers such as Nvidia. A recent report from Stanford University’s Institute for Human-Centered AI concluded that the performance gap between top U.S. and Chinese AI models has “effectively closed.”

    While U.S. policymakers and leading AI firms including OpenAI and Anthropic have accused Chinese AI startups of intellectual property theft, Chinese officials have rejected those claims as unsubstantiated. Even with ongoing U.S. export controls and China’s domestic internet censorship regime, analysts believe the gap between the two global AI powers will continue to narrow. Lian Jye Su, chief analyst at global research firm Omdia, noted that barriers such as the Great Firewall have only had limited impact on AI development, as the technology has already been tested, integrated and scaled within China’s regulated domestic internet ecosystem. “It won’t be long before China moves from fast follower to parallel innovator,” Su predicted.

  • Europe’s first commercial robotaxi service rolls out in Croatia

    Europe’s first commercial robotaxi service rolls out in Croatia

    After years of development and testing in global markets, Europe has welcomed its first commercial autonomous robotaxi service, launching in the heart of Zagreb, Croatia, after a nearly month-long initial rollout. Developed by local mobility firm Verne – with backing from global ride-hailing giant Uber and autonomous driving technology from Chinese industry leader Pony.ai – the service has been operating 10 self-driving vehicles for pre-vetted users across the Croatian capital since April 8.

    While commercial autonomous taxi services have operated in China and the United States for several years, European markets have been slower to open to the technology, with multiple mobility and tech firms still competing to be the first to roll out a fully functional commercial offering across the continent. Verne’s long-term goal is to launch a completely driverless service, but the phased rollout currently keeps a trained human operator in the driver’s seat for emergency intervention if required.

    During a test ride with an AFP journalist this week, the system performed reliably through typical Zagreb traffic, with the on-board operator never needing to take control of the vehicle. The only interruption to the smooth journey came when an oncoming passenger car veered out of its lane, prompting the robotaxi’s autonomous system to trigger an immediate, safe stop, which was followed by a calm audio alert to passengers. Verne country operations head Filip Cindric, who accompanied the test ride, noted that even with Croatia’s often unpredictable urban traffic and complex intersection layouts, around 90% of all completed trips require zero human intervention. So far, the service, which has already racked up tens of thousands of kilometers of operation, has recorded zero collisions, and 90% of active users have rated the experience four or five out of five stars, according to internal company data. Currently, only 300 pre-approved users have access to the service, which explains why sightings of the autonomous vehicles on Zagreb streets have been rare in the weeks since launch.

    For the initial phase, the robotaxis only operate across a limited service area covering central Zagreb, select southern districts of the city, and routes surrounding Zagreb Airport. Verne CEO Marko Pejovic explained that the company is prioritizing careful, incremental expansion rather than rapid rollout, adding that new service zones will only be added after extensive real-world testing and validation to confirm the system’s reliability in local conditions.

    Priced at a low 1.90 euros ($2.32) per ride – a rate designed to attract early users and gather valuable feedback – the service has already seen far stronger public interest than anticipated, with approximately 4,000 potential users currently on the waiting list for access. Pejovic noted that the introductory price will increase gradually as the service expands its fleet and service area.

    Like traditional rideshare services, the robotaxis are booked through Verne’s dedicated mobile app. Each vehicle is outfitted with a full suite of autonomous navigation hardware, including multiple high-resolution cameras, lidar laser sensors, and radar systems to map surroundings and detect obstacles in real time.

    Founded in 2019, Verne already has plans for far-reaching expansion beyond Zagreb. The company confirmed it is already in active discussions to launch the service in 11 additional cities across the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the Middle East, with 30 more cities under consideration for future rollout. In Zagreb itself, the company aims to transition to fully driverless operations by the end of 2024, pending final approval from local transport regulators. Cindric emphasized that the slow progress of autonomous taxi rollout across major European cities speaks to the complexity of the technology, noting that “if it were that easy, it would already exist in London or some other major European city,” adding that the company is proud that small Zagreb has beaten much larger European hubs to become the first to launch a commercial service.

  • Apple to pay $250m to iPhone buyers over AI features lawsuit

    Apple to pay $250m to iPhone buyers over AI features lawsuit

    Technology giant Apple has agreed to pay out $250 million (£184 million) to settle a class-action lawsuit brought by iPhone customers, who accused the company of deceptive marketing around its promised Apple Intelligence artificial intelligence capabilities. The legal dispute, which was resolved in a settlement filed with a California federal court on Tuesday, closes out consolidated claims that were first filed last year. Notably, Apple has not admitted to any wrongdoing as part of the agreement.

    The suit centers on allegations that Apple misled consumers through false advertising for its Apple Intelligence suite, a lineup of AI-powered upgrades that includes a heavily promoted overhaul of its Siri voice assistant. Plaintiffs claim the company marketed advanced AI features that were not available at the time of purchase, have not launched to date, and may not roll out for at least two years — if they ever arrive at all.

    Under the terms of the settlement, eligible consumers who purchased either an iPhone 15 or iPhone 16 between June 2024 and March 2025 will receive payouts ranging from $25 to $95 per device.

    An Apple spokesperson addressed the litigation, noting that the claims only targeted the availability of two specific features out of the full slate of Apple Intelligence tools the company has already rolled out. “We resolved this matter to stay focused on doing what we do best, delivering the most innovative products and services to our users,” the spokesperson said.

    In a revised complaint submitted last week for the consolidated class action, legal representatives for the iPhone buyers argued that Apple’s AI marketing campaign constituted deceptive commercial practice. “Apple promoted AI capabilities that did not exist at the time, do not exist now, and will not exist for two or more years, if ever, all while marketing them as the breakthrough innovation,” the legal team wrote.

    The complaint further alleges that Apple rushed this aggressive AI marketing push specifically to keep pace in the high-stakes global AI race currently being led by newer players like OpenAI and Anthropic. Outgoing Apple CEO Tim Cook has faced repeated public criticism over recent years from analysts and consumers who argue the company has lagged behind competitors in rolling out breakthrough innovative products.

    A core part of the plaintiffs’ argument centers on the promised upgraded Siri, which Apple marketed as a transformative update that would turn the tool from a “limited voice interface into a full-fledged personal AI assistant.” According to the legal team, this reimagined Siri never materialized for consumers, and the recently launched iPhone 16 shipped to customers without any trace of the full Apple Intelligence platform Apple had promoted.

  • Google DeepMind staff unionise over Israel and US military ties

    Google DeepMind staff unionise over Israel and US military ties

    In a historic move that marks a watershed moment for global tech labor organizing, hundreds of Google DeepMind employees based in the United Kingdom have overwhelmingly voted to form a union, driven by urgent ethical concerns over the misuse of the company’s artificial intelligence technology by the U.S. and Israeli militaries in conflicts involving Iran and Gaza.

    Following the internal ballot held among Communication Workers Union (CWU) members at DeepMind, official results showed a 98% majority in support of unionization. On Tuesday, workers formally submitted a request to Google DeepMind’s leadership to recognize both the CWU and Unite the Union as their official workplace representatives. If recognized, this organizing effort will become the first formal union at a major global frontier artificial intelligence research lab, according to campaign organizers.

    At the core of the workers’ demands is an immediate end to the provision of Google AI tools to the Israeli military and U.S. defense entities. Additional demands include the reinstatement of a previously discarded company pledge to refrain from developing AI-powered weapons and mass surveillance tools, the establishment of an independent ethics oversight body with decision-making authority, and formal guarantees that individual employees retain the right to decline work on specific projects on moral or ethical grounds.

    This unionization push is part of a broader global grassroots movement among DeepMind staff, with employees across international locations planning coordinated in-person protests and so-called “research strikes,” a work stoppage action where researchers suspend their regular work to highlight their concerns.

    One anonymous DeepMind employee emphasized that no staff want their cutting-edge AI research to become complicit in violations of international law, noting that the technology is already aiding what the employee called Israel’s genocide of Palestinians in Gaza. “Even if our work is only used for administrative purposes, as leadership has repeatedly told us, it is still helping make genocide cheaper, faster, and more efficient,” the worker said. “That must end immediately, as must harm to Iranians and human lives anywhere.”

    The successful unionization vote would cover at least 1,000 DeepMind employees based at the company’s London headquarters. In the formal letter submitted to management, workers have given DeepMind leadership 10 working days to voluntarily recognize the two unions or enter into mediated negotiation talks. If management fails to meet the deadline, workers will launch a formal legal process to force official recognition.

    The vote comes at a time when the UK government is actively pursuing policies to attract major global technology investment, positioning the country as a leading hub for AI innovation. Already, several high-profile AI firms including Anthropic have announced plans to expand their London-based operations in recent months.

    CWU national officer John Chadfield framed Tuesday’s announcement as a defining moment for tech workers around the world. “This is a really important moment where tech workers at Google’s frontier AI lab are connecting with some of the most oppressed people in communities around the world in meaningful ways, based on foundational values of solidarity and trade unionism,” Chadfield said. “By exercising their rights to collectivise they are in a strong position to demand their employer stop circling the ethical drain of military-industrial contracts, echoing the sentiment of many working people in the UK and elsewhere.”

    This latest labor action is the culmination of years of growing internal unrest among Google employees over the company’s military contracts. Earlier this year, more than 600 Google staff across the company’s AI and cloud divisions signed an open letter urging leadership to cut off the Pentagon’s access to Google technology for classified military operations. Google previously drew widespread backlash after firing dozens of employees who participated in protests against Project Nimbus, a joint initiative with Amazon to provide cloud and AI services to the Israeli government amid the ongoing military campaign in Gaza. In 2023, the company also faced heavy criticism for its acquisition of Israeli cloud security firm Wiz, which was founded by former veterans of Unit 8200, the Israeli military’s elite cyber espionage and surveillance unit.

  • ‘I thought he was going to hit me’ OpenAI co-founder says of Musk

    ‘I thought he was going to hit me’ OpenAI co-founder says of Musk

    OAKLAND, Calif. — In dramatic testimony unfolding in a Northern California federal courtroom, OpenAI President and co-founder Greg Brockman has laid bare a tense 2017 confrontation with Elon Musk, the billionaire initial co-founder who is now locked in a bitter legal battle over OpenAI’s shift to a for-profit structure. The trial, which is scheduled to run a full month, entered its second week this week as the two sides clash over what Musk knew about OpenAI’s planned transition away from its original non-profit founding model.

    Brockman, who is named as a defendant in Musk’s lawsuit seeking to roll back OpenAI’s corporate restructuring, told jurors that Musk began pushing aggressively to seize greater control of the startup just two years after its 2015 founding. The billionaire reportedly tried to court both Brockman and fellow early co-founder Ilya Sutskever to build support for his power grab, a courtship that Brockman described as systematic “buttering up.”

    When Brockman rejected Musk’s proposal to expand the billionaire’s influence over the company, Brockman testified, Musk’s demeanor shifted suddenly and sharply. The confrontation grew so heated that Brockman told the jury “I actually thought he was going to hit me.” The meeting wrapped up immediately after the exchange, with Musk announcing he would cut off the financial backing he had provided to OpenAI since its launch.

    Court documents introduced by OpenAI’s legal team included August 2017 text exchanges between Sutskever and Brockman that referenced the pressure campaign, with one message asking: “Will a model 3 make you be willing to accept massively unfavourable terms?”

    The core of Brockman’s testimony has centered on a key point at the heart of the dispute: he confirmed that Musk was fully informed years ago of OpenAI’s long-term plans to adopt a for-profit structure to support massive capital needs for AI research. Founded as a non-profit entity, OpenAI later established a capped-profit subsidiary to raise billions in investor funding, and last year moved to reorient the entire company around its for-profit operations. Musk, who departed the OpenAI board in 2018, has argued the transition violates the founding agreement he helped craft, while OpenAI maintains all changes were done with Musk’s full knowledge.

    Since leaving OpenAI, the startup has grown into one of the world’s most valuable technology firms, following the explosive mainstream success of its flagship product ChatGPT. Musk, who has become one of OpenAI’s most prominent public critics, launched his own rival AI startup xAI in 2023, directly competing with OpenAI’s dominant chatbot.

    The next witness expected to take the stand is Shivon Zilis, a former OpenAI board member who is also the mother of four of Musk’s children. During his testimony, Brockman noted that Zilis remained on OpenAI’s board long after Musk left the company, saying “We trusted her to keep the Elon conflict under control.” Zilis departed the board in March 2023, just as Musk prepared to publicly launch xAI. Brockman also told jurors that when Zilis informed him she had given birth to twins years ago, he only learned Musk was the father from public reports, after which Zilis clarified the children were conceived via IVF and her relationship with Musk was entirely platonic.

  • US to safety test new AI models from Google, Microsoft, xAI

    US to safety test new AI models from Google, Microsoft, xAI

    In a marked shift from its earlier hands-off approach to artificial intelligence oversight, the Trump administration has secured voluntary agreements from three major tech players — Google, Microsoft, and Elon Musk-led xAI — to submit all new AI tools and capabilities for pre-release testing by the U.S. Department of Commerce, three people familiar with the arrangement confirmed this week.

    Under the new pacts, the companies will send their cutting-edge AI models to the Commerce Department’s Center for AI Standards and Innovation (CAISI) for independent evaluation before the tools launch to the general public. The partnerships expand on earlier voluntary safety commitments secured during the Biden administration from leading AI developers including OpenAI and Anthropic, which established the framework for third-party testing of high-risk AI capabilities before public release. All participating companies’ models will undergo rigorous assessment of both functional capabilities and cybersecurity safeguards under the expanded program.

    “These expanded industry collaborations help us scale our work in the public interest at a critical moment,” CAISI director Chris Fall said in a statement announcing the new agreements.

    The scope of CAISI’s evaluations covers three core areas: hands-on functional testing, collaborative public-private research, and the development of industry-wide best practices for safe commercial AI deployment. Each of the three new participating firms brings high-profile, widely used AI tools to the testing framework: Google’s flagship model, Gemini, developed by its DeepMind subsidiary, already powers consumer Google products and is currently in use by U.S. defense and military agencies. Microsoft’s most prominent public AI offering is the CoPilot generative assistant integrated across its productivity and cloud platforms. xAI, which is controlled by Musk’s SpaceX, has only one public product to date: the Grok chatbot, which drew widespread public criticism and scrutiny last year after it was found to generate non-consensual deepfake pornographic images that undressed depicted individuals without consent.

    CAISI officials noted Tuesday that the center has already completed 40 prior AI tool evaluations, including assessments of multiple unreleased state-of-the-art models. The center declined to specify whether any models evaluated in earlier rounds have been blocked from public release over safety concerns, and representatives for Google, Microsoft, and SpaceX did not respond to multiple requests for comment on the new testing agreements.

    The expansion of pre-release voluntary testing marks a notable departure from the Trump administration’s initial policy stance. When Trump took office, his administration adopted a largely deregulatory, hands-off approach to AI oversight, framing heavy regulation as a barrier to U.S. global competitiveness in the fast-growing sector. Last year, Trump signed a series of executive orders that laid out his administration’s official AI Action Plan, which he said would “remove red tape and onerous regulation” surrounding AI development to ensure the U.S. “wins” the global race to lead AI advancement and control the technology.

    But shifting national security priorities and growing industry warnings about unregulated powerful AI have pushed the administration to revise its approach. The U.S. military has rapidly expanded its own adoption of AI tools for operational and planning use in recent years, while leading AI developer Anthropic made headlines late last year when it publicly announced it had developed a new high-capability model called Mytho, which it deemed too powerful and high-risk to release to the public. Last month, senior Trump administration staff held a closed-door meeting with Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei, as first reported by the BBC, amid an ongoing legal dispute between Anthropic and the U.S. Department of Defense. The lawsuit stems from Anthropic’s refusal to remove built-in safety guardrails from its models for unfiltered government use.

  • States across the wildfire-prone Western US are using AI for early detection

    States across the wildfire-prone Western US are using AI for early detection

    Against a backdrop of escalating wildfire risk driven by climate change, artificial intelligence is rapidly becoming a critical new tool for early wildfire detection across fire-prone regions of the western United States, already proving its ability to stop blazes before they turn into catastrophic infernos.

    The technology delivered a convincing proof of concept on a March afternoon in Arizona’s Coconino National Forest, when an AI-enabled monitoring camera picked up a faint plume of smoke that did not match the signature of cloud cover or wind-blown dust. After human analysts confirmed the anomaly, alerts were immediately dispatched to Arizona’s state forest service and Arizona Public Service (APS), the state’s largest electric utility. First responders arrived on scene quickly and contained the resulting Diamond Fire to just 7 acres (2.8 hectares), a fraction of the size it could have reached if detected hours later.

    The Diamond Fire interception is far from an isolated success. As record-breaking high temperatures and record-low winter snowpack stoke fears of an extreme wildfire season, state agencies, power utilities and private tech firms have been rolling out AI monitoring systems across remote, high-risk regions where human spotters or casual 911 reports often fail to catch blazes in their earliest, most controllable stages.

    To date, APS already operates roughly 40 active AI smoke-detection cameras across Arizona, with expansion plans to bring the total to 71 by the end of the current summer. The Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management has also deployed seven of its own AI units, while Colorado-based utility Xcel Energy has installed 126 AI cameras, with goals to bring the system to all but one of the eight states it serves by the end of the year. In California, the ALERTCalifornia network operates more than 1,200 AI-integrated cameras that follow a detection model similar to Arizona’s system.

    “Earlier detection means we can launch aircraft and personnel to it and keep those fires as small as we can,” explained John Truett, fire management officer for the Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management.

    Unlike populated areas where residents often spot and report fires quickly, most high-risk unpopulated rural and remote zones lack consistent human observation. It is exactly these gap areas that AI monitoring fills, providing 24/7 surveillance that frequently outpaces 911 reports by a significant margin. According to Neal Driscoll, a geology and geophysics professor at the University of California, San Diego and founder of ALERTCalifornia, human oversight paired with ongoing AI training has kept false positive rates very low, and the technology consistently outperforms traditional 911-based detection timelines.

    “It’s just the ones where we won’t get a 911 call for a long time, it is extremely helpful to have that AI always monitoring that camera,” said Brent Pascua, a battalion chief for the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire). “In many cases, we’ve started a response before 911 was even called, and in a few cases, we’ve actually started a response, went there, put the fire out, and never received a 911 call.”

    Pano AI, one of the leading providers of this technology, integrates high-definition camera feeds, satellite data and artificial intelligence to scan for early smoke signs. Since launching in 2020, the company has seen surging demand for its systems, which are now deployed across 17 U.S. states plus Canada and Australia, serving forestry operators, public agencies and utilities including APS. In 2025 alone, the company’s technology detected 725 wildfires across the U.S.

    “In many of these situations, we hear from stakeholders that the visual intelligence, the time, really, really gives them a head start and some of these could have taken off into hundreds if not thousands of acres,” said Arvind Satyam, Pano AI co-founder and chief commercial officer. APS meteorologist Cindy Kobold confirms the technology delivers an average 45-minute head start over the first incoming 911 call, a gap that can make the difference between a contained small blaze and a destructive megafire.

    Satyam notes that the development of this technology was directly driven by the growing wildfire crisis fueled by climate change. Rising global temperatures from fossil fuel emissions have created drier, more fire-prone conditions that increase the frequency, intensity and speed of wildfire spread, and existing management tools have not kept pace. AI detection fills this gap, helping first responders act more effectively while protecting communities and critical infrastructure.

    Despite its clear benefits, the technology still faces notable limitations and challenges. The most significant barrier for many agencies is upfront and ongoing cost: Pano AI charges approximately $50,000 per camera annually, a price that includes 24/7 monitoring support and fire risk analysis. False alarms remain a persistent issue, wasting valuable first responder time and resources even as training reduces their frequency. Even when the AI correctly identifies a fire, it cannot guide decision-making on response strategy – questions of when to deploy crews, whether to order evacuations, or how to prioritize resources still require human judgment and decision support systems.

    In dense urban areas, where residents already report fires quickly, the technology offers less benefit, and it cannot keep pace with rapidly shifting fire behavior during extreme weather events such as the 2025 Los Angeles wildfires, when hurricane-force winds reshaped fire lines hourly. Proponents emphasize that AI is designed to complement, not replace, human firefighting teams.

    “As the fire moves and shifts around, that’s where the human factor comes in and decides which tactics are best in fighting the fire. AI can only do so much,” Pascua said. “It just provides that real time information where we can make better decisions on the fire ground.”

    AI’s role in wildfire management extends far beyond early detection, researchers note. The technology can already map optimal zones for controlled burns and vegetation thinning, and monitor air quality for early smoke signatures with far greater sensitivity than traditional consumer detectors. At George Mason University, professor Chaowei “Phil” Yang is leading a collaboration with California State University Los Angeles, the city of Los Angeles and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory to develop an AI system that forecasts wildfire spread and predicts which communities will face the worst smoke pollution impacts. The system will generate real-time maps to help agencies make faster, more effective decisions around evacuations, road and school closures, and public health warnings, with a target operational launch within three years.

    Experts agree that AI integration in wildfire management is no longer a future concept – it is already deployed in active response, and its use will only expand in coming years. “AI in wildfires, it’s no longer just speculative. It’s really being used,” said Patrick Roberts, a senior RAND Corporation researcher who recently completed a study on innovation in wildfire management. “The future is AI everywhere, and the lines will blur between AI wildfire detection and just wildfire detection as the lines will blur in other areas of our life.”

  • California to begin ticketing driverless cars that violate traffic laws

    California to begin ticketing driverless cars that violate traffic laws

    As autonomous vehicle (AV) technology becomes an increasingly common sight on streets across California, a longstanding regulatory gap has finally been closed: starting this July, law enforcement will for the first time be able to hold driverless car manufacturers accountable when their vehicles break traffic laws.

  • Africa’s cellphone towers turn to solar as diesel costs surge

    Africa’s cellphone towers turn to solar as diesel costs surge

    Global market volatility triggered by the Iran conflict has sent diesel prices soaring across Africa, creating new urgency for an already unfolding transition in the continent’s telecommunications sector: moving hundreds of thousands of cellphone towers from fossil fuel-powered generators to solar energy systems.

    At present, roughly 500,000 telecommunications towers across Africa depend on diesel to stay operational. In recent weeks, global fuel supplies have tightened dramatically following the outbreak of conflict in the Middle East, leaving many import-dependent African nations grappling with steep price hikes and intermittent supply shortages. These disruptions have forced both national governments and private telecom operators to reevaluate long-held energy strategies.

    While the move toward renewable energy for telecom infrastructure predates the latest price shocks, driven by years of steady cost pressures and global climate action commitments, industry leaders confirm the Iran conflict has drastically speed up the transition timeline. “Diesel has always been a major cost, but recent global events have made it even more volatile,” explained Lande Abudu, senior Africa energy specialist at GSMA, the global industry body representing mobile network operators. “That strengthens the case for solar and hybrid solutions immeasurably.”

    Across the continent, operators are rapidly rolling out hybrid energy systems that pair solar panels with large-scale battery storage, retaining only small diesel generators for rare, extended periods of low sunlight. Many providers have set long-term targets to transition all their rural and off-grid tower sites — where extending national power infrastructure is prohibitively expensive — to full solar operation.

    Unlike most developed markets, where the vast majority of telecom towers are connected to centralized national electricity grids (with diesel only reserved as backup for outages), Africa’s underdeveloped grid infrastructure has left the sector almost entirely dependent on standalone diesel generators for decades. These large industrial units require regular manual refueling, exposing operators to logistical challenges, theft, and maintenance costs. Similar diesel-reliant transitions are now underway in parts of Southeast Asia such as Indonesia, but Africa’s shift stands out for its scale and potential transformative impact.

    Recent major industry investments underscore the accelerating momentum. Last month, U.S.-owned Atlas Tower Kenya announced a $52.5 million investment to build 300 new purpose-built solar-powered telecom towers, serving leading regional operators including Safaricom, Airtel and Telkom Kenya. Currently, 82% of the firm’s existing 500 towers already run on solar, a benchmark many industry peers are now working to match.

    The economic case for transitioning has become increasingly compelling in recent years, even before the latest global price shock. For off-grid tower sites, energy costs can account for as much as 60% of total operating expenses, and diesel’s long-term price trend has consistently trended upward, compounded by local challenges from poor transport infrastructure to fuel theft.

    Vodacom Africa, which operates across six African nations and holds subsidiary stakes in Kenya and Ethiopia through Safaricom, reported a 5% year-over-year rise in total energy costs to $300 million in 2025, driven by higher fuel and electricity tariffs. In response, Safaricom raised $153.6 million in green bonds last year specifically to fund its tower transition to solar. In Nigeria, where government removed long-standing fuel subsidies in 2023, diesel prices have already jumped as much as 200% in a single year, leaving operators paying $400 million annually just to keep diesel-powered towers online. The latest price increases tied to the Iran conflict have added even more pressure to move quickly.

    Telecom firms across the continent are responding by scaling up clean energy deployment at an unprecedented rate. Local firm iSAT Africa is rolling out solar-powered towers supported by innovative green financing models, while regional giants including Orange, Vodacom, MTN Group and Airtel Africa are expanding solar and hybrid systems across their entire network footprints. “By replacing diesel-powered telecom towers with fully solar-powered infrastructure, we expect to reduce the carbon emissions associated with mobile network operations,” iSAT Africa CEO Rakesh Kukreja said in March while announcing new funding for the projects.

    Early data from completed transitions already shows significant cost and operational gains. MTN’s operations in South Africa have cut total fuel spending by roughly 30% after switching to solar, while Airtel Africa, in partnership with ENGIE Energy Access, has reduced diesel consumption by more than 50% at its tower sites in Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo. For Vodacom Africa, connecting towers to national grids where possible and expanding solar and battery storage sits at the core of its 2025 sustainability and operational strategy, company documents show.

    Beyond cost savings, the transition delivers major improvements to network reliability, a critical benefit for underserved rural communities. Solar-powered systems are far less vulnerable to the fuel shortages and generator breakdowns that have long plagued diesel-reliant networks. Even before the latest conflict, regular outages tied to fuel shortages in parts of northern Nigeria and Congo disrupted everything from mobile money transactions to life-saving emergency communications.

    GSMA data estimates that the shift to solar could help close Africa’s persistent digital connectivity gap, where roughly 65% of people who could access life-changing mobile internet remain unconnected. “Renewable energy systems enable faster and more cost-effective expansion into underserved areas,” Abudu noted.

    On the ground in rural off-grid communities in northern Kenya, residents are already seeing tangible improvements. “Before this telecommunication mast was installed, we struggled to process mobile money payment or even call for help during medical emergencies,” said Martin Imwatok, a local teacher. “When these towers go off, business and life stop.”

    Africa’s uniquely high reliance on diesel, driven by underdeveloped grid infrastructure, makes the transition more complex than in other regions — but also means it carries far greater transformative potential. Regulators across the continent are now exploring ways to amplify the benefits of the shift; in Nigeria, the national telecom regulator has encouraged operators to integrate solar-powered towers into local solar minigrids that can supply electricity to nearby communities as well.

    “These telecom towers can act as anchor clients for solar minigrids, supplying electricity not only to the towers but also to nearby homes, businesses and public services,” explained Aminu Maida, head of the Nigerian Communications Commission.

    With global fuel prices set to remain volatile amid ongoing Middle East tensions, industry experts say the case for renewable energy for Africa’s telecom sector will only grow stronger. “This is no longer just about climate,” Abudu said. “It’s about resilience, cost and keeping Africa connected.”

    This reporting from The Associated Press on climate and environment receives financial support from multiple private foundations, with AP retaining full editorial control over all content.