分类: society

  • Experts: Education the ‘key force’ in global climate action

    Experts: Education the ‘key force’ in global climate action

    As the global community grapples with the accelerating urgency of climate change, international industry and academic experts gathered in Shanghai this week to highlight education as an underrecognized, transformative force for driving meaningful climate progress. The discussion took place Thursday at the Climate Change Education Forum, a core event of 2026 Shanghai Climate Week hosted on the campus of East China Normal University (ECNU), where leaders from institutions across Asia called for expanded cross-border collaboration to embed climate literacy and green action into learning systems worldwide.

    Opening the forum, Zhu Junwen, deputy Party chief of ECNU, framed climate change as one of the most existential shared challenges facing modern humanity, arguing that education stands apart as a foundational catalyst for systemic change. He emphasized that climate education must evolve far beyond simple knowledge dissemination, arguing that its core goal should be reshaping public mindsets and catalyzing widespread behavioral change that reduces individual and collective carbon footprints.

    A leading hub for climate education research and policy development, ECNU has leveraged its cross-disciplinary research platforms to deepen engagement in the field, contribute to the drafting of international climate education standards, and advance multilateral collaborative projects. Currently, the university is working with higher education institutions and research organizations from a dozen countries across the globe to launch the “BRICS+” Joint Laboratory for Climate Change Education and Green Development, a new initiative designed to align global research efforts and share best practices for climate-focused learning.

    “ECNU remains committed to deepening partnership with all stakeholders around the world, to leverage the power of education to enable just green transition, and to contribute to global sustainable development and the construction of a global community with a shared future for humanity, Zhu added.

    Supakorn Pongbangpho, president of Thailand’s University of Phayao, echoed the call for a reimagined approach to climate education, noting that the core mission of climate learning is to embed long-term green thinking into the next generation of global leaders. He stressed that truly sustainable development pathways can only be achieved when modern innovative technology is paired with the traditional ecological wisdom held by local communities around the world, creating a holistic approach to climate action that benefits all populations.

    By the close of the forum, participating organizations had already advanced a range of collaborative agreements and actionable outcomes, said Zou Rong, co-director of the executive committee of Shanghai Climate Week. Looking ahead, Zou called for continued cross-sector, cross-border cooperation to turn pledges into tangible progress, expanding access to high-quality climate education and turning learning into measurable action to cut global emissions and build climate resilience.

    The forum comes as policymakers and climate activists increasingly recognize that even the most ambitious national emissions reduction pledges will fail without broad public buy-in, which can only be built through widespread climate literacy that empowers people to adjust their behaviors and demand systemic change from governments and corporations.

  • Bill to allow assisted dying in England and Wales is set to fall as parliamentary time runs out

    Bill to allow assisted dying in England and Wales is set to fall as parliamentary time runs out

    LONDON – A landmark piece of social policy legislation that would grant terminally ill adults in England and Wales the legal right to choose an assisted death is on track to fail Friday, derailed by procedural gridlock and a flood of opposition amendments in the UK’s House of Lords that exhausted all remaining parliamentary time.

    First introduced to the House of Commons by Labour backbencher Kim Leadbeater in late 2024, the Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill cleared the elected lower chamber in June 2024 after fierce debate. The legislation proposed to allow adults with a terminal diagnosis and fewer than six months left to live to apply for an assisted death, with final approval contingent on sign-off from two independent physicians and a specialized expert review panel, designed to prevent abuse of the framework.

    Backers of the bill had framed it as the most transformative change to UK social policy since the partial legalization of abortion in 1967, arguing it would bring compassion and autonomy to people facing unbearable suffering at the end of their lives. But the unelected House of Lords, the UK’s parliamentary revising chamber, has effectively stalled progress through a months-long filibuster-style strategy. Opponents tabled more than 1,200 amendments to the legislation – a record number for any backbench-sponsored bill, rather than one brought forward by the sitting government. Because backbench bills are only allocated debating time on Fridays, the massive volume of amendments left no path to complete consideration before the current parliamentary session draws to a close next week.

    Under UK parliamentary rules, any bill that does not complete all stages of debate and voting within a single parliamentary session automatically expires, even if it has already cleared one chamber. With the clock ticking down, the bill is confirmed to fail.

    The outcome has sparked sharp anger from assisted dying campaigners, who argue that unelected Lords have overridden the clear will of the elected House of Commons. They have already announced plans to reintroduce the legislation in the next parliamentary session, which opens on May 13 when King Charles III delivers the King’s Speech outlining the government’s upcoming legislative agenda. Leadbeater, the bill’s sponsor, has confirmed she will enter the backbench ballot to secure parliamentary time for a new introduction, saying she will “keep pushing for a safer, more compassionate law until Parliament reaches a final decision.”

    Opponents of the legislation, however, defend their procedural tactics as necessary scrutiny of a deeply sensitive policy. Many have argued the bill is unsafe and unworkable, raising concerns that weak safeguards could leave vulnerable people, including disabled individuals, open to coercion into choosing assisted death against their own interests. They argue the massive number of amendments was required to highlight critical flaws in the original text.

    The legislative failure comes just one month after lawmakers in the Scottish Parliament, which holds devolved authority over health policy, rejected a separate assisted dying bill that would have made Scotland the first part of the UK to legalize the practice. Globally, assisted dying – defined as a doctor prescribing a lethal dose that a patient self-administers – is already legal in a growing number of jurisdictions, including Australia, Belgium, Canada, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and multiple states across the United States, with strict eligibility criteria varying between each region.

  • Watch: Powerful tornado barrels through northern Oklahoma

    Watch: Powerful tornado barrels through northern Oklahoma

    A destructive tornado has carved a path of disruption through northern Oklahoma, touching down in multiple sections of Enid, a mid-sized community located close to the state’s northern boundary, the National Weather Service has confirmed. Home to roughly 50,000 residents, Enid was caught off guard by the intense weather event, which moved rapidly through the area, bringing with it high winds that threatened property and public safety. Meteorologists from the National Weather Service have verified the tornado’s touchdown, and local emergency management teams are already mobilizing to assess damage, clear blocked roadways, and check on residents who may have been affected by the storm. The event serves as a stark reminder of the unpredictable nature of severe spring and summer weather that commonly impacts the Southern Great Plains, a region colloquially known as Tornado Alley for its frequent rotation of extreme storm systems. As of the initial report, no official casualty or damage estimates have been released, with surveys still ongoing to document the full scope of the tornado’s impact across the city.

  • Radar detects even more human remains in suspected Indigenous burial sites on Rottnest Island

    Radar detects even more human remains in suspected Indigenous burial sites on Rottnest Island

    One of Western Australia’s most beloved tourist destinations, Rottnest Island — better known for its sun-soaked white-sand beaches, iconic wild quokkas and postcard-perfect coastal views — is now at the center of a sobering discovery that pulls back the curtain on the site’s brutal colonial history.

    The discovery began earlier this month, when construction crews carrying out upgrades for a new bus stop near Holy Trinity Church, located on the island roughly 19 kilometers off the coast of Perth, uncovered a set of unidentified human bones. Work on the infrastructure project immediately halted after the find, triggering a joint investigation by local police and the state’s lead archaeologist. Subsequent forensic testing confirmed the remains were of Indigenous ancestry and dated to historical times, aligning with the island’s dark past as a 19th and early 20th century Aboriginal prison.

    To determine if more unmarked graves sat beneath the construction site, authorities deployed ground-penetrating radar to survey the surrounding area. The advanced scanning technology has now identified 12 separate locations across the site that show strong potential to be unmarked burial sites. Further archaeological and anthropological work is required to confirm the findings and analyze any potential remains at the sites.

    Rottnest Island, known by its traditional name Wadjemup to the local Whadjuk Noongar people, has a long and violent colonial history that is often overshadowed by its modern reputation as a top global tourist spot. From 1838 to 1931, the island operated as a forced labour camp and prison for Indigenous Australian men and boys, holding more than 4,000 prisoners over the near-century of operation. Many incarcerated people died on the island from poor conditions, abuse and disease, and scores are believed to be buried in unmarked graves across the site.

    In a joint statement from the Rottnest Island Authority (RIA) and the Whadjuk Aboriginal Corporation (WAC), representatives acknowledged the profound cultural and spiritual importance of Wadjemup to the Whadjuk Noongar people and all Aboriginal Australian communities. The organizations confirmed that since the initial discovery of remains, they have collaborated closely to uphold traditional cultural protocols and guide all decision-making around site protection and management with cultural respect.

    “We acknowledge and express our deep regret for the significant distress this incident and subsequent investigations has caused Aboriginal people,” the statement added. Moving forward, all work at the site will remain paused while experts work with Indigenous stakeholders to conduct further investigations and plan next steps that honor the cultural significance of the area.

  • South Korea police arrest man for posting AI photo of runaway wolf

    South Korea police arrest man for posting AI photo of runaway wolf

    A high-stakes nine-day nationwide search for an escaped zoo wolf in South Korea took an unexpected turn after an AI-generated fake image sent authorities scrambling to redirect their operation, resulting in the arrest of a 40-year-old man who claims he created the hoax “for fun”.

    The drama began on April 8, when Neukgu, a two-year-old gray wolf part of a critically endangered Korean wolf restoration program at Daejeon’s O-World Zoo, broke out of his enclosure. Korean wolves once roamed freely across the entire Korean Peninsula but are now classified as extinct in the wild, making Neukgu’s escape a matter of urgent public and governmental concern.

    Within hours of Neukgu going missing, a manipulated photo generated via artificial intelligence began circulating online. The image purported to show the young wolf walking through a local road intersection, and it spread so quickly that it was picked up by search authorities. The Daejeon city government immediately issued an emergency mass text alert to all local residents, warning them to avoid the area and stay alert for the wolf. Search teams reallocated dozens of personnel and resources to the intersection location shown in the fake image, pulling them away from areas where Neukgu was actually located and drawing the search out into a fruitless wild goose chase. In a notable turn of events, authorities even displayed the fraudulent AI image during an official public press briefing on the search operation, according to local South Korean media outlets.

    After a nine-day search that gripped the entire nation, Neukgu was finally located and safely recaptured last week near a major national expressway. Even before the wolf was found, the search had captured widespread public attention: South Korean President Lee Jae Myung publicly offered prayers for the animal’s safe capture and return to the zoo.

    Following the recapture, police launched an investigation into the source of the fake photo that had upended their search operation. By cross-referencing local security camera footage and reviewing records of AI program usage linked to the image, investigators identified the 40-year-old unnamed suspect. Authorities have not yet confirmed whether the man shared the image directly with search officials or only posted it to public online platforms, where it was later picked up and mistaken for authentic.

    When interrogated by law enforcement, the suspect told officers he created and shared the fake image purely for entertainment, local media reported. He now faces charges of disrupting public governmental work through deception, a criminal offense under South Korean law that carries a maximum penalty of five years imprisonment and a fine of up to 10 million Korean won, equal to roughly $6,700 USD or £5,000 GBP.

    In the wake of Neukgu’s safe return, a nationwide wave of public enthusiasm for the young wolf has swept South Korea. A local bakery has launched a new pastry decorated with Neukgu’s face, and Daejeon city officials are reportedly discussing naming the wolf as an official local cultural mascot. A video posted by O-World Zoo showing Neukgu eating meat back in his enclosure has already accumulated more than one million views on social media. In a recent statement, however, the zoo announced it would stop posting new content about Neukgu to give the animal a quiet, low-stress environment to recover from his nine-day ordeal.

  • Woman trapped in poo for three hours after outback toilet collapses

    Woman trapped in poo for three hours after outback toilet collapses

    A routine cross-country road trip through Australia’s remote outback turned into a harrowing three-hour ordeal recently, when a female traveler became trapped waist-deep in raw sewage after the outdated pit latrine she was using collapsed underneath her.

    The incident unfolded at the Henbury Meteorites Conservation Zone, a popular outback tourist spot located roughly 145 kilometers southwest of the isolated Northern Territory town of Alice Springs. According to local authorities and community reports, the woman was traveling back to her home in Canberra with her husband and two children, having just finished a visit to see extended family in Darwin when the group stopped for a rest break at the conservation reserve.

    Pit latrines — also known as long-drop toilets — are basic, non-flush sanitation facilities that store human waste in deep excavated underground pits, and they remain a common fixture in remote, off-grid areas such as outback camping and tourist sites across Australia. In this case, the structure surrounding the pit failed when the woman stepped onto it, leaving her stuck in the contaminated hole.

    Northern Territory authorities confirmed the woman remained trapped for approximately three hours before a lucky break led to her rescue. A local tradesman, who was passing through the remote conservation area by chance, was flagged down by the woman’s husband. An anonymous eyewitness told local publication NT News that the tradesman lowered a rope into the pit for the woman to grip, then used his vehicle to slowly pull her out of the waste-filled hole — a painstaking extraction process that took more than 45 minutes to complete. The eyewitness also added that the pit was filled with discarded diapers and human excrement, adding to the dangerous and unsanitary conditions of the entrapment.

    Following her rescue, the woman was transported to a nearby hospital for evaluation. Early reports confirm she escaped the incident without serious long-term injuries.

    Northern Territory WorkSafe, the government body that oversees public and workplace health and safety across the territory, confirmed that the management agency responsible for maintaining the Henbury Meteorites Conservation Zone filed an official incident report shortly after the event. A full investigation into the collapse, including checks on the facility’s structural integrity and maintenance history, is currently ongoing.

    This incident is far from an isolated case: pit latrine accidents have a documented history across Australia, drawing ongoing attention to the risks of aging sanitation infrastructure in remote tourist areas. In July 2024, a man had to be rescued by firefighters after becoming stranded in a collapsed pit toilet in Victoria’s Indigo Valley. More than a decade earlier, in 2012, a 65-year-old woman in central Queensland suffered a broken leg after falling backwards into a pit latrine, requiring an emergency airlift to a regional hospital for treatment.

  • Hot pants: Tokyo government workers swap suits for shorts

    Hot pants: Tokyo government workers swap suits for shorts

    As Japan braces for another sweltering summer and grapples with mounting energy security risks tied to ongoing conflict in the Middle East, Tokyo’s metropolitan government has rolled out a dramatic update to its long-running energy conservation campaign, now allowing public sector workers to swap formal suit trousers for comfortable shorts at work.

    An anonymous Tokyo government official confirmed the new dress code adjustment to AFP on Friday, noting that amplified concerns over energy supply volatility spurred by the Middle East war was a key driving force behind the policy update. The change expands on Japan’s iconic “Cool Biz” initiative, a national energy-saving program first launched by the country’s Ministry of the Environment back in 2005. The original campaign encouraged public servants to abandon stiff neckties and heavy formal jackets during the hot summer months, eventually allowing more casual options such as Okinawan-style open-collar tee-shirts. This year’s update marks the most significant loosening of workplace attire rules since the program began.

    Local media footage captured earlier this week already shows male government employees embracing the new policy, wearing casual shorts and tee-shirts around Tokyo metropolitan office buildings. The policy has the full backing of Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike, who actually launched the original Cool Biz campaign two decades ago when she served as Japan’s environment minister.

    Addressing reporters earlier this June, Koike laid out the full scope of the updated initiative, emphasizing the urgent context driving the changes. “This summer, we encourage ‘cool’ attire that prioritizes comfort, including polo shirts, T-shirts and sneakers and — depending on job responsibilities — shorts,” she stated, pointing to “a severe outlook for the supply and demand of electricity” as the core motivation. Beyond the relaxed dress code, the updated 2025 Cool Biz push also includes expanded incentives for teleworking and adjusted work schedules that allow employees to start their shifts earlier to avoid peak midday heat and energy consumption.

    The policy update comes as Japan faces a growing pattern of record-breaking summer heat. According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, 2024 saw the country experience the hottest summer since formal temperature recording began in 1898. Extreme heat events, where daily temperatures climb above 40 degrees Celsius, have become so frequent in recent years that the agency introduced a new official classification for these dangerous heat waves just last week, coining the term “kokusho,” or “cruelly hot,” to describe these high-risk weather days.

  • Viral videos highlight sense of safety in China

    Viral videos highlight sense of safety in China

    A growing collection of short social media videos filmed and shared by foreign residents and visitors to China has sparked widespread international online discussion, centering on the exceptional sense of public safety that defines daily life across the country. These clips capture a range of ordinary, revealing moments: Chinese police officers calmly walking curious children through how firearms function, young kids sitting atop marked police vehicles to enjoy open-air folk performances, and international creators wandering city streets alone long after dark with no trace of fear.

    Many of these first-person accounts have gone viral among global netizens, offering unscripted, personal perspectives that differ from much mainstream international coverage of China. One of the most widely shared clips comes from British vlogger “Jason in China”, who filmed himself walking through the streets of Kunming, Yunnan, late at night. Pointing out the crowded, lively sidewalks around him, he noted that he felt not even a flicker of unease — a stark contrast to his experience back in the UK, where anyone out after dark constantly scans their surroundings for potential danger. In China, he said, that constant anxiety simply does not exist.

    A similar account from Spanish vlogger “Zhuli from Spain”, filmed in a public park in Guangdong province, resonated with millions of viewers. Standing in the open space at 11 pm, she said, “For me, this is real freedom — a woman on the street after 11 pm, walking alone without any fear. This is how it should be.” These viral videos are not isolated outlier moments: they reflect a consistent pattern of experience shared by a growing number of foreign nationals living or traveling in China, who are increasingly taking to social media to share their unfiltered daily experiences.

    These personal testimonials are backed by formal data and global research. The 2025 Global Safety Report, published in January 2026 by leading U.S. analytics firm Gallup, ranked China as the third-safest country out of more than 140 countries and territories included in the global survey. The report also recorded extremely high levels of public trust in Chinese local law enforcement, alongside very low rates of personal victimization from crime. Official Chinese statistics echo this finding: data from the Ministry of Public Security shows that overall criminal cases dropped 12.8 percent year-on-year in 2025, hitting the lowest level recorded in decades, while public order offenses also declined. For the sixth consecutive year, public satisfaction with personal safety remained above 98 percent.

    Academic experts who study Chinese governance note that this widespread sense of safety is not an accident, but the outcome of decades of deliberate, structural investment in public security. Kong Fanbin, dean of Nanjing University’s Huazhi Institute for Global Governance, explained that the viral content underscores the tangible results of China’s long-term efforts to build a comprehensive public safety ecosystem. “It shows that China has built a high-level public safety network covering all citizens and social actors,” he said. Unlike models that rely solely on formal law enforcement, Kong noted that China’s public safety framework integrates grassroots community organizations alongside police forces, creating a layered system that reaches into every neighborhood.

    What many foreign observers notice, Kong added, is not just the absence of violent crime, but a broader, more pervasive environment of order shaped by responsive governance and widespread social cooperation. He Yanling, a professor of public policy at Renmin University of China, describes this high-performing grassroots governance as an underrecognized Chinese achievement, one that has received far less international attention than the country’s well-documented economic growth. “Grassroots governance in China is also a ‘miracle’,” she said. “The sense of safety people are talking about is a real social reality.”

    Professor He outlined three core factors that underpin China’s strong public safety outcomes. First, the Chinese government prioritizes public safety as a core public good and a fundamental responsibility of the state, placing it at the center of governance priorities. Second, the country uses a multilayered governance system that extends from national institutions down to neighborhood-level grid management, allowing for early intervention and granular oversight of local public order. Third, high levels of broad public participation support formal governance efforts: “Safety is not achieved by government forces alone,” she said. “It is supported by active involvement of ordinary people.”

    For example, many foreign visitors have marveled at the common practice of leaving packages on doorsteps or in public spaces, where they remain untouched for days. Professor He explained that this norm reflects broader social progress, not coercion: as basic survival and development needs have been met for the vast majority of the population, people have no incentive to violate social norms for small material gain. Communities have also built shared norms of collective responsibility for public order, which lower societal transaction costs and boost civic engagement over time.

    The viral clips of children interacting casually with police also highlight the unique, trust-based relationship between law enforcement and the public in China, Kong noted. This close bond is rooted in a long-standing tradition of community-oriented policing, where trust is built through consistent, accessible service over time. “Trust is built over time,” Kong said. “It comes from consistent service and responsibility.” In China, protecting the lives and property of citizens is framed not as a narrow legal obligation, but as a core, broad responsibility of the state — a difference that helps explain why people feel safe out late at night in both large megacities and small rural towns.

    Global debates around public safety often frame the issue as a trade-off between security and personal privacy, particularly in Western policy discourse. But Kong rejected this framing in the context of China’s governance model. Public surveillance in open spaces, he explained, is designed exclusively to support public safety management, not to invade private life, and access to surveillance data is strictly regulated by detailed legal protocols. In an increasingly digital society, data-driven safety governance and privacy protection are not opposites, he argued: “Only when authorities have sufficient real-time information can they provide more effective protection. The two are complementary.”

    Professor He added that as China continues to develop as a highly urbanized, market-oriented economy, the government has consistently prioritized safety and order as foundational to long-term social progress. Legal frameworks governing new technologies such as public surveillance continue to evolve, with the explicit goal of balancing public security needs with robust personal data protection. “The key measure is people’s sense of gain,” she said, noting that public perception of safety remains the core metric for evaluating policy effectiveness.

  • Benjamin Luke Johnston revealed as gun for hire who shot and killed Rebels bikie boss

    Benjamin Luke Johnston revealed as gun for hire who shot and killed Rebels bikie boss

    A long-standing court-ordered publication ban that concealed the identity of a contracted hitman has finally been lifted by Western Australia’s Supreme Court, allowing the public to learn the name of the former soldier who murdered the leader of the Rebels outlaw motorcycle gang in 2020.

    Thirty-nine-year-old Benjamin Luke Johnston was recruited by a rival faction of outlaw motorcycle gangs to carry out the targeted killing of Rebels national president Nick Martin, court documents confirm. On a December day in 2020, Johnston positioned himself hundreds of meters away from the Perth Motorplex, where Martin was attending a public event alongside his family, and fired a sniper round that struck Martin in the chest, killing him instantly in front of onlookers and his loved ones.

    Johnston pleaded guilty to the charge of murder in 2021 and was subsequently handed a 20-year prison sentence for his crime. Beyond his own conviction, Johnston also served as a key prosecution witness in the separate murder trial of David Pye, another bikie figure linked to the assassination plot. Johnston testified during Pye’s trial that Pye was the person who arranged and paid for the contract killing. A jury ultimately found Pye guilty of murder, and he remains in custody awaiting his sentencing hearing.

    The suppression order on Johnston’s identity was in place for more than three years, originally put in effect out of concerns for his personal safety while he was serving his sentence and cooperating with authorities. However, when the matter came before the Supreme Court of WA on Friday, the court heard that those safety concerns no longer hold any weight. Johnston’s legal representative, David Merena, told the court that his client planned to enroll in a university degree program in health science while incarcerated, a goal that required him to use his legal name. The gag order had also created unnecessary barriers for family and friends to schedule prison visits to see Johnston, Merena added.

    Counsel for Pye pushed back against the request to lift the order, arguing that the suppression should remain in place in case Johnston is required to give testimony during any future appeal proceedings for Pye’s conviction. Despite that objection, Justice Joseph McGrath ruled in favor of lifting the publication ban. In his ruling, Justice McGrath noted that Johnston’s name is already widely known among the prison population, and Johnston himself has stated that he no longer fears for his personal safety behind bars. The judge added that WA Police had been consulted on the request, and state authorities no longer argued that the suppression order was necessary to protect Johnston’s security.

  • What to know if your flight is canceled amid rising jet fuel costs

    What to know if your flight is canceled amid rising jet fuel costs

    A wave of flight cancellations is spreading across the globe, sparked by jet fuel supply strains and sharp price hikes tied to ongoing conflict in the Middle East – and the ripple effects are leaving travelers navigating inconsistent, confusing rules for compensation and rebooking that shift dramatically depending on their departure and destination regions. What makes this wave of disruptions particularly impactful is its timing: it comes as the summer travel season begins to ramp up, with high-profile global events set to put additional strain on already stretched airport and airline infrastructure.

    “These pressures are arriving at a time when summer travel demand is ramping up, with major events such as the World Cup expected to put additional strain on airports,” explained Eric Napoli, chief legal officer at AirHelp, a passenger rights advocacy organization that supports travelers seeking compensation for disrupted travel plans.

    Unlike sudden weather-related cancellations that often leave passengers stranded with little advance notice, most fuel-linked flight cuts are being announced weeks or months ahead of schedule to give travelers time to adjust plans. German aviation giant Lufthansa Group, for example, recently confirmed it would cut 20,000 short-haul flights across its entire network through October, one of the highest-profile industry adjustments to date.

    If your flight is canceled, industry experts say the first step is to check your carrier’s official digital channels immediately. For passengers flying with U.S.-based airlines, the airline’s app or website typically offers the fastest, most streamlined path to rebooking, according to Tyler Hosford, security director at International SOS, a leading global risk and travel security firm. For non-U.S. carriers, however, digital self-service tools are often less robust, so Hosford advises travelers to pursue multiple channels simultaneously, including dedicated customer service phone lines and in-person assistance at airport check-in desks.

    In nearly all cases, passengers are guaranteed at minimum a choice between a full refund or a rebooking on the next available flight, though exact regulatory requirements differ by country. For example, under U.S. consumer protection rules, if a cancellation leads a passenger to choose to abandon their trip entirely, the airline is legally required to issue a full cash refund, regardless of the reason for the cancellation. While carriers may offer travel credits as an alternative, passengers are legally entitled to full repayment for unused airfare and add-on fees, including checked bag charges and paid seat upgrades.

    Passenger protection rules are not uniform across the world, ranging from the cross-border liability standards set by the Montreal Convention, which applies to over 140 countries, to individual national regulatory frameworks in the U.S., Canada, the EU, UK, Turkey and Brazil.

    Europe boasts some of the strongest passenger protections globally, including mandatory compensation for eligible disrupted flights. These rules apply to all flights departing from any EU airport, regardless of where the airline is based, as well as all inbound flights to the EU operated by EU-based carriers, even for journeys starting outside the bloc. The United Kingdom retains a nearly identical regulatory structure to the EU.

    By comparison, the U.S. and Canada offer far more limited statutory protections for passengers facing cancellations. Across Asia, rules vary wildly from country to country, and in many markets, travelers must rely on individual airline policies rather than binding formal government regulations. To avoid confusion, experts recommend researching the passenger rights rules of your departure country before starting your trip.

    The question of whether you are entitled to additional compensation beyond rebooking or refund usually hinges on whether local regulators classify the disruption as within the airline’s control. Even if airlines cite fuel shortages or price spikes as the reason for cancellation, Napoli notes that EU regulations still require carriers to fulfill their duty of care to stranded passengers, which includes providing necessary support such as accommodation, meals and rebooking assistance.

    “While airlines are citing fuel shortages as a reason for upcoming cancellations, travelers need to know that this does not automatically waive their rights” under EU laws, Napoli emphasized.

    To minimize stress and complications if disruptions occur, travel experts recommend a handful of proactive steps before your departure. First, always sign up for official flight alerts from your carrier to get real-time updates, and book your ticket directly through the airline rather than third-party online travel agencies: resolving issues directly with the carrier is far faster and simpler than going through an intermediary. Mapping out backup options ahead of time can also cut down on stress if your original plans fall through.

    If you need to file a compensation claim or formal complaint, thorough documentation is non-negotiable. Travelers should save every relevant document, including original boarding passes, receipts for extra expenses incurred due to the cancellation, official cancellation notices, and all communication with airline representatives. Experts advise taking screenshots of all digital updates and messages, writing down key details from phone calls with customer service, and requesting a written confirmation of the disruption from the airline that includes the official stated reason for the cancellation.

    One common mistake travelers make is accepting the first alternative flight offered by the airline without exploring other options. Experts advise checking other flights, alternate routes, and even nearby airports to find a faster or more convenient connection that fits your schedule.

    If the airline’s offered rebooking does not meet your needs – particularly if the next available flight is days after your original departure – you are permitted to book an alternative flight independently and request a refund from the original airline. However, travelers should be aware that they will likely need to cover any fare difference upfront, and there is no guarantee that the difference will be reimbursed later.

    Additional practical tips to avoid getting stuck include booking the earliest flight possible on your travel day, which leaves more time to rebook the same day if your flight is canceled; setting up independent flight alerts through third-party tracking apps like Flighty, which often notify users of cancellations or delays before the airline sends out an official alert; and maintaining a calm, polite demeanor when interacting with airline staff, who are far more likely to go out of their way to help respectful passengers.

    “Ultimately, the shortage is squeezing the entire system, from travelers to airlines, and is something to watch as the industry looks for any relief ahead of the summer travel season,” Napoli said.