A groundbreaking advancement in chemical synthesis has been achieved by a Chinese research team, led by Zhang Xiaheng from the Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Their innovative method, recently published in the prestigious journal Nature, revolutionizes the application of aromatic amines, offering a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional industrial processes. Aromatic amines, essential components in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural products, have long been underutilized due to the inherent risks and inefficiencies of conventional methods. For over a century, industries have relied on converting aromatic amines into diazonium salts, which are highly explosive and unstable. This process also suffers from excessive copper reagent consumption and limited substrate compatibility. To overcome these challenges, the team dedicated three years to developing a novel direct deaminative functionalization technology. This method utilizes common and inexpensive laboratory reagents, enabling the efficient conversion of inert aromatic carbon-nitrogen bonds into various crucial chemical bonds. The new approach is highly versatile, applicable to nearly all types of medicinal heteroaromatic amines and aniline derivatives, regardless of their electronic properties or amino group positions. It also supports kilogram-scale production through straightforward operations. Zhang emphasized that this breakthrough opens new pathways for rapidly constructing complex molecules from readily available starting materials, significantly advancing research and development in medicinal chemistry.
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China ready to take tougher steps over Takaichi remarks
China has issued a stern warning to Japan following provocative remarks made by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi regarding Taiwan, signaling readiness to implement further countermeasures if Tokyo fails to retract its statements. Observers and analysts emphasized that Japan must bear full responsibility for any ensuing consequences, as Takaichi’s comments have severely strained bilateral relations and threatened regional stability. Takaichi’s assertion that a potential Chinese mainland ‘use of force on Taiwan’ could constitute a ‘survival-threatening situation’ for Japan, potentially justifying military intervention, has been met with swift and forceful responses from Beijing. Senior Chinese officials in charge of diplomacy, defense, and Taiwan affairs have warned that Japan will face significant repercussions if it interferes militarily in Taiwan Strait affairs. In response to the escalating tensions, China’s Foreign Ministry and its diplomatic missions in Japan have advised Chinese citizens to avoid traveling to Japan, citing safety concerns and a deteriorating environment for people-to-people exchanges. Major Chinese airlines, including Air China, China Eastern Airlines, and China Southern Airlines, have offered special arrangements for Japan-bound travelers, allowing ticket changes or refunds. Additionally, China’s Ministry of Education and Ministry of Culture and Tourism have issued alerts advising against studying or traveling to Japan. Experts noted that Takaichi’s remarks have eroded mutual trust and undermined the political foundation of China-Japan relations, which are rooted in the one-China principle. The situation has escalated beyond a diplomatic dispute, with China emphasizing that Taiwan is an internal matter and that external interference is unacceptable. Historical context further complicates the issue, as Japan’s colonial rule in Taiwan and its wartime actions remain sensitive topics. Analysts warned that Japan’s right-wing tendencies and potential militaristic resurgence pose a threat to regional peace and stability. China’s coordinated responses underscore its commitment to safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, with observers noting that Beijing has provided Japan with opportunities to rectify its mistakes but will not hesitate to take stronger actions if necessary.
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Mobile judicial teams ensure justice for all
In a groundbreaking initiative to ensure justice is accessible to all, mobile judicial teams in China are bringing legal services directly to remote areas and tourist hotspots. This innovative approach, part of the broader implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, aims to resolve disputes efficiently and equitably, even in the most challenging environments.
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Preparations begin for new space mission
China has initiated preparations for the launch of the unmanned Shenzhou XXII spacecraft, which will deliver essential supplies and equipment to the Tiangong space station. Zhou Yaqiang, a senior engineer at the China Manned Space Agency, confirmed that all systems involved in the mission are undergoing rigorous testing and preparation. The spacecraft, originally intended to transport the Shenzhou XXII crew in April 2026, has been repurposed as a standby crew ship following the unexpected use of the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft for the return of the Shenzhou XX astronauts. The Shenzhou XX crew, who spent a record-breaking 204 days in orbit, returned safely to Earth despite minor damage to their capsule’s viewport window, likely caused by space debris. The astronauts are now in medical quarantine and will undergo comprehensive health evaluations before meeting the media. Additionally, four mice that accompanied the Shenzhou XXI mission to Tiangong have returned to Earth and are being studied by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. These studies aim to provide insights into the effects of space environments on living organisms. Other biological and scientific samples from the mission are also being analyzed to advance space research.
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Chile’s hard-right holds the upper hand as presidential election goes to a tense runoff
Chile is set for a highly contentious presidential runoff on December 14, pitting José Antonio Kast, a hard-right former lawmaker and admirer of Donald Trump, against Jeannette Jara, a member of the Communist Party representing the incumbent left-wing government. Kast, an ultraconservative lawyer opposed to abortion and same-sex marriage, emerged as a surprise front-runner after securing nearly 24% of the vote in the first round. His campaign, focused on cracking down on crime, building a border wall, and deporting undocumented migrants, resonated with voters concerned about organized crime, illegal immigration, and unemployment. Jara, a former labor minister, narrowly led with 27% of the vote, campaigning on expanding Chile’s social safety net and tackling money laundering and drug trafficking. The runoff reflects a broader regional shift in Latin America, where economic discontent and anti-incumbent sentiment have fueled the rise of right-wing leaders. Kast’s potential victory could reshape Chile’s political landscape, with right-wing parties poised to dominate Congress, marking a significant departure from the left-leaning policies of recent years.
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China’s investment spree in UK gave it access to military-grade technology, BBC told
China has invested over £45 billion ($59 billion) in UK businesses and projects since the turn of the century, with a significant portion of these investments aimed at acquiring cutting-edge technology, including military-grade capabilities. This investment surge, peaking after a 2015 Chinese state directive, has positioned the UK as the top destination among G7 nations for Chinese capital, relative to its population and economic size, according to US-based research group AidData.
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Timbuktu’s famed manuscripts escaped al-Qaida but the threat remains
In a daring act of cultural preservation, Abdoulaye Cissé, the general secretary of the Ahmed Baba Institute of Higher Islamic Studies and Research, risked his life to smuggle 28,000 fragile manuscripts out of Timbuktu thirteen years ago. This heroic effort unfolded as al-Qaida-linked extremists overran the historic desert town. Under the cover of darkness, Cissé and his team transported the manuscripts via donkey carts, wooden boats, and buses on a perilous 1,200-kilometer journey to Mali’s capital, Bamako. The operation, which took a month, was fraught with danger but ultimately successful in safeguarding these irreplaceable artifacts of West African history. In August, the manuscripts were returned to Timbuktu, a move celebrated by local leaders and the Malian government as a triumph of cultural pride and preservation. However, the threat of al-Qaida persists, with recent attacks and a fuel blockade imposed by the JNIM group underscoring the ongoing instability in the region. Timbuktu, once a global center of Islamic learning, houses an estimated 377,000 manuscripts in both public and private collections. These documents, many of which were also smuggled to Bamako, challenge the misconception that African history was primarily oral. They provide a rich archive of West African empires, scholarly debates, and historical events dating back centuries. The manuscripts reveal a tolerant and respectful Islamic tradition, with one decree in a private library explicitly protecting women’s rights. The destruction of over 4,000 manuscripts and UNESCO World Heritage Sites by al-Qaida in 2012 was a devastating blow, prompting renewed efforts to digitize and protect these treasures. Today, nearly all of the institute’s manuscripts are digitized, with backups stored on remote servers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including the need for modern storage facilities and surveillance systems. Timbuktu’s residents, deeply committed to their cultural heritage, strive to balance preservation with accessibility, ensuring that these manuscripts continue to inspire and educate future generations.
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UN climate talks shift into higher gear with government ministers and presidency’s new document
BELEM, Brazil — As the United Nations climate talks, COP30, enter their second and final week, the focus shifts from professional negotiators to high-ranking government ministers who are now tasked with making critical political decisions. The conference, held on the edge of the Brazilian Amazon, resumed after a rest day with foreign and other ministers arriving to address key issues. These officials will wield significantly more authority and flexibility than the negotiators who have been handling the discussions thus far.
David Waskow, director of the international climate initiative at the World Resources Institute, emphasized the shift, stating, ‘It brings a whole different dimension to the table.’ The pressure intensified late Sunday when the Brazilian presidency of the talks released a five-page summary outlining strategies to address contentious issues. These include urging nations to enhance their emissions-cutting plans, resolving trade disputes related to climate, and securing financial aid for poorer nations.
The summary presented a range of options for negotiators to consider or modify, even on topics not originally part of the agenda. Among the proposals is the creation of detailed ‘road maps’ to translate ambitious goals into actionable steps. This approach has already been employed to solidify last year’s $300 billion annual target for wealthy nations to provide climate financial aid to developing countries.
Small island nations, particularly vulnerable to rising sea levels, have called for the talks to address the inadequacy of current emissions-cutting plans. So far, 116 nations have submitted plans that collectively fall short of the reductions needed to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, as outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement. This issue may be combined with calls for a fossil fuel phase-out plan, a contentious topic that gained momentum after Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva recently advocated for a new road map.
Andreas Sieber, associate policy director at the advocacy group 350.org, remarked, ‘The fight is on. The presidency text outlines of a high-ambition COP30 outcome are finally visible: a pathway to close the decarbonization gap, anchored in a fossil-fuel phase-out road map and a credible climate-finance package.’
The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage is supported by multiple private foundations, though the AP retains full editorial control. This story was produced as part of the 2025 Climate Change Media Partnership, a journalism fellowship organized by Internews’ Earth Journalism Network and the Stanley Center for Peace and Security.
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Landslide strikes bus on mountain pass in Vietnam, killing 6, as heavy rain persists
A devastating landslide struck a passenger bus on the perilous Khanh Le pass in Vietnam’s central highlands, resulting in six fatalities and injuring 19 others. The incident occurred late Sunday as the bus, carrying 32 passengers from Ho Chi Minh City, was en route from Da Lat to the coastal city of Nha Trang. The landslide, triggered by heavy rainfall, buried the front of the bus, trapping numerous passengers and complicating rescue efforts. Rescuers faced significant challenges due to additional landslides that blocked access to the area, delaying their arrival until after midnight. Two bodies remain trapped under debris as the treacherous terrain continues to hinder recovery operations. The Khanh Le pass, a 33-kilometer stretch known for its scenic beauty and popularity among tourists, is particularly vulnerable to landslides during the rainy season. Meanwhile, central Vietnam braces for more heavy rain, with forecasts predicting up to 85 centimeters in some areas. This region, already battered by Typhoon Kalmaegi, has seen historic floods this year, exacerbating the country’s vulnerability to natural disasters. Vietnam, one of the world’s most flood-prone nations, faces increasing threats from climate change, which scientists warn is intensifying storms and rainfall across Southeast Asia, leading to more frequent and destructive floods and landslides.
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Asian shares are mostly lower after US stocks stumble
Asian markets experienced a mostly downward trend on Monday, with U.S. futures showing modest gains following a lackluster performance on Wall Street last week. Tokyo’s Nikkei 225 index dropped 0.3% to 50,226.67, reflecting concerns over Japan’s economic contraction, which saw a 1.8% annual decline in the July-September quarter. The dollar strengthened against the yen, rising to 154.65 yen from 154.58 yen. Chinese markets also saw declines, with Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index falling 0.8% to 26,359.22 and the Shanghai Composite index slipping 0.4% to 3,973.31. Geopolitical tensions between China and Japan further dampened market sentiment, particularly following Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s remarks suggesting a potential military response to Chinese actions against Taiwan. China, which views Taiwan as part of its territory, has warned its citizens against traveling to or studying in Japan. In South Korea, the Kospi index rose 1.7% to 4,078.39, driven by gains in tech-related shares, particularly computer chip makers collaborating with Nvidia on artificial intelligence projects. Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 edged down less than 0.1% to 8,628.60, while Taiwan’s Taiex and India’s Sensex posted modest gains. U.S. futures indicated a positive outlook, with the S&P 500 up 0.5% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average slightly higher. Despite recent volatility, the S&P 500 remains close to its record high, with investors closely watching Nvidia’s upcoming earnings report for signs of sustained growth. Meanwhile, questions linger over the Federal Reserve’s potential interest rate cuts, as inflation remains above the 2% target. Bitcoin saw a slight increase, while oil prices dipped in early trading.