A dramatic escalation in UK counterterrorism operations has emerged following the government’s controversial proscription of Palestine Action in July 2025, with Home Office statistics revealing an unprecedented 660% year-on-year increase in terrorism-related arrests. The data shows 1,886 individuals were detained for alleged terrorism offenses between January and September 2025, with approximately 1,630 arrests directly linked to activities associated with the banned protest organization.
The statistical surge gained legal context on Friday when the High Court delivered a landmark ruling declaring the government’s ban on the direct action group ‘discriminatory and unlawful.’ Despite this judicial finding, the prohibition remains temporarily in effect pending the government’s appeal, which Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood confirmed would be pursued through the Court of Appeal.
Analysis of arrest patterns reveals a significant demographic shift in UK terrorism enforcement. Unlike previous years where arrestees were predominantly male, nearly half of those detained in connection with Palestine Action activities were female. Most arrests occurred during demonstrations in London and other urban centers, where participants displayed placards stating ‘I oppose genocide. I support Palestine Action.’
Legal documents indicate the majority faced charges under Section 13 of the Terrorism Act 2000, which prohibits displaying symbols supporting proscribed organizations. The 237 Section 13 charges brought in the first nine months of 2025 nearly equal the total number of such charges (271) brought since the legislation’s inception following the September 2001 attacks.
Human rights organizations celebrated the High Court’s decision, which resulted from a judicial review initiated by Palestine Action co-founder Huda Ammori. In a statement outside the courthouse, Ammori characterized the ruling as ‘a monumental victory both for our fundamental freedoms here in Britain and in the struggle for freedom for the Palestinian people.’
The advocacy group Defend our Juries estimates that approximately 2,787 arrests may now be considered unlawful following the court’s determination. A spokesperson for the organization stated: ‘Thousands of people of conscience saw that branding protest as terrorism was a move straight out of the dictator’s playbook. Together we took action at great personal risk.’
Of those arrested in connection with Palestine Action activities, 1,362 individuals were released on bail while remaining under investigation. The cases continue to develop as the government prepares its appeal against the High Court’s ruling.