SYDNEY, Australia — A horrific attack during a Hanukkah celebration at Bondi Beach has left at least 11 people dead, including Rabbi Eli Schlanger of the Chabad movement, prompting Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese to denounce the shooting as an act of antisemitic terrorism. This tragedy occurs against a backdrop of escalating religiously motivated violence in Australia, which has recorded 1,713 antisemitic incidents in 2024 alone.
According to Tel Aviv University’s annual report on global antisemitism, Australia and Italy have experienced the most significant increases in antisemitic attacks worldwide this year, even as global numbers show a slight decline. This surge has profoundly shaken Australia’s Jewish community, numbering approximately 117,000 among the country’s 28 million residents.
Uriya Shavit, who oversees the antisemitism report, noted that Australia had historically been considered one of the safest environments for Jewish people worldwide. “Australian Jews are now seriously asking whether they have a future in the country,” Shavit stated, citing increasing legitimization of anti-Jewish rhetoric in public discourse and inadequate governmental response to growing threats.
The Executive Council of Australian Jewry issued a forceful statement demanding concrete action: “The time for talking is over. We need decisive leadership to eradicate the scourge of antisemitism from Australia’s public life. Government’s first duty is to keep its citizens safe.”
Most antisemitic incidents have occurred in Sydney and Melbourne, home to 85% of Australia’s Jewish population. In August, Prime Minister Albanese accused Iran of orchestrating two previous antisemitic attacks in Australia, leading to severed diplomatic relations with Tehran. While no immediate connection to Iran has been established in Sunday’s attack, the Australian Security Intelligence Organization had previously concluded that Iran directed arson attacks against a Sydney kosher food company in October and a Melbourne synagogue two months later.
The attack targeted a public Hanukkah ceremony marking the eight-day holiday’s commencement on December 14. Chabad, an international Orthodox Jewish movement known for its public menorah lightings, has held annual celebrations at Bondi Beach that typically attract hundreds of participants. The movement, headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, maintains emissaries in over 100 countries and has faced numerous attacks globally, including deadly assaults in Mumbai (2008) and California (2019).