The city of el-Fasher, the capital of Sudan’s North Darfur state, has become a harrowing scene of mass violence and devastation following its capture by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) last week. As civilians attempted to flee the besieged city, they were met with unimaginable horrors, including executions, sexual violence, and widespread looting. The RSF, reportedly armed with weapons and technology supplied by the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has been accused of perpetrating atrocities reminiscent of the Rwandan genocide. Survivors recount scenes of men being separated from women and children and executed, boys as young as two killed in front of their families, and women subjected to rape and sexual assault. Hostages were held for ransom, with families forced to transfer exorbitant sums via mobile banking apps to secure their release. The Yale Humanitarian Research Lab (HRL) has identified evidence of mass graves in RSF-controlled areas, with body disposal operations underway. Civilians attempting to escape faced further dangers, including falling into deep trenches surrounding the city. Many who managed to flee to Tawila, a safer area west of el-Fasher, arrived in dire conditions, with hundreds of children separated from their families. Survivors describe consistent patterns of looting, ransom demands, and targeted killings based on ethnicity or perceived political affiliations. The RSF’s actions have drawn international condemnation, with calls for the UAE to be held accountable for its role in arming the paramilitary group. The Sudanese government has documented numerous cases of sexual violence, but the true scale of the atrocities remains unknown due to limited access to affected areas. Humanitarian organizations are calling for urgent aid to address the dire needs of displaced populations, including food, water, shelter, and medical care. The international community’s inaction has been criticized, with activists urging governments to take decisive steps to end the violence and hold perpetrators accountable.