Israel and Palestine: What’s happened in the West Bank since October 2023?

The West Bank, a Palestinian territory occupied by Israel since 1967, has witnessed escalating violence and political tensions in recent years. While global attention has largely focused on the conflict in Gaza, the West Bank has become a flashpoint for Israeli military operations, settler violence, and humanitarian crises. Since October 7, 2023, Israeli forces have conducted nearly 7,500 raids on Palestinian towns and villages, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (Ocha). These raids, often targeting refugee camps, have resulted in widespread displacement and casualties. The West Bank, home to approximately three million Palestinians and 700,000 Israeli settlers, is divided into three administrative zones under the 1993 Oslo Accords. However, Israel maintains de facto control over the entire territory, with its military operating unchecked. Settler violence has surged, with over 1,400 incidents recorded in 2024 alone, the highest since records began. The Israeli government has also advanced controversial settlement plans, including the E1 Settlement Plan, which aims to connect East Jerusalem with existing settlements, further undermining the possibility of a two-state solution. International condemnation has followed, with the UN and human rights organizations labeling these actions as violations of international law. The Palestinian Authority (PA), led by Mahmoud Abbas, has struggled to maintain control, often collaborating with Israeli forces to suppress dissent. Amidst this turmoil, Palestinian support for Hamas has declined, but dissatisfaction with the PA remains high. The situation in the West Bank remains dire, with thousands displaced, hundreds killed, and the prospects for peace increasingly bleak.