标签: Europe

欧洲

  • Liechtenstein changes succession rule to allow women to ascend the throne

    Liechtenstein changes succession rule to allow women to ascend the throne

    On the occasion of its national day, the tiny central European principality of Liechtenstein has announced a historic shift in its royal succession regulations, ending centuries of male-preference inheritance to introduce gender equality for throne access.

    Home to just 44,000 residents and tucked between Switzerland and Austria as one of the world’s only doubly landlocked countries, Liechtenstein’s ruling House of Liechtenstein confirmed the change in an official statement. The reform replaces the longstanding system of male primogeniture, which prioritized male heirs over older female siblings, with absolute primogeniture — a framework that grants the first-born child, regardless of gender, the right to inherit the throne.

    The adjustment will not reshape the current line of succession. Reigning Prince Hans-Adam II, who has led the principality’s royal family since 1989, will remain succeeded by his eldest child, Hereditary Prince Alois, who has handled nearly all official royal duties on behalf of his father for the past 20 years. The new rule will only apply to future descendants of Alois and his wife Hereditary Princess Sophie, who share four children.

    In his public remarks on the reform, Hereditary Prince Alois emphasized the forward-thinking logic behind the change: “With this change in the law, we want to ensure that both the Principality of Liechtenstein and the Princely House are led by the person who has been best prepared for this responsibility.” Unlike most European monarchs whose roles are largely ceremonial, Liechtenstein’s ruling prince retains broad executive political powers, making succession rules a meaningful political as well as symbolic issue.

    Liechtenstein is the latest European monarchy to embrace gender-equal succession. The United Kingdom carried out an identical reform back in 2011, updating its own laws to grant eldest daughters equal inheritance rights to the throne alongside eldest sons. The change in Liechtenstein aligns the tiny principality with a growing regional trend toward gender parity in royal institutions.

  • Firefighters battle wildfire tearing through Belgian nature reserve

    Firefighters battle wildfire tearing through Belgian nature reserve

    A devastating out-of-control wildfire sweeping across Belgium’s iconic High Fens, the nation’s largest nature reserve, has been labeled the worst blaze the country has faced in modern history, prompting a cross-border emergency response as extreme heat continues to fuel widespread fire risk across the European continent.

    The inferno first ignited on Friday within the protected nature park, which sits along Belgium’s eastern border with Germany. By Saturday, flames had already consumed roughly one-third of the reserve’s vast landscape of bogland, moorland, and old-growth forest, forcing mandatory evacuation orders for residents of two nearby villages. Local emergency officials issued urgent warnings that advancing flames were on a trajectory that could put residential neighborhoods at risk.

    Challenged by the reserve’s uneven, hard-to-reach terrain and shifting wind patterns, Belgian firefighters have been forced to make tactical concessions to contain the spread, allowing some sections of heathland to burn in order to redirect resources to higher-priority protection zones. As of Saturday afternoon, regional authorities confirmed the blaze still remained unchecked. “There is a risk that the fire could reach homes, but we are deploying all available resources to protect them,” explained Nicolas Yernaux, a spokesperson for Wallonia’s regional government. A nearby local gymnasium has been converted into a temporary emergency shelter to house the evacuated residents.

    Gregory Melotte, a firefighter on the front lines of the suppression effort, told Belgian public broadcaster RTBF that crews had made limited progress holding back the blaze. “We managed to calm the fire coming from the plain, to prevent it from spreading into the fir forest. We still succeeded in our mission, but it’s not over yet. The flames are coming towards us, the wind has shifted twice, once in our favour, once against us,” he said.

    To boost their response capacity, Belgian authorities activated the European Union’s civil protection mechanism, calling for additional support from neighboring and allied member states. European Commissioner Hadja Lahbib confirmed that cross-border reinforcements were already en route by Saturday: two water-bombing aircraft from Sweden, plus one helicopter deployed by the Czech Republic and a second from the Netherlands.

    The High Fens fire is far from an isolated incident. Across Europe, multiple major wildfires were burning simultaneously over the weekend, amplified by a summer of record-breaking heat that has left vegetation parched and landscapes extremely fire-prone. In southwestern France’s Landes region, a wildfire that first ignited on Thursday reignited unexpectedly on Saturday, forcing 650 local residents to flee their homes. More than 500 French firefighters have been deployed to bring that blaze under control.

    Since Friday, new major fire outbreaks have also been recorded in Croatia, Spain, and Serbia, adding to a growing list of fire events across the continent that have already destroyed thousands of hectares of forest and natural land. The EU’s Copernicus Climate Change Service has officially confirmed that Western Europe just experienced the hottest June-to-July period ever recorded since systematic monitoring began, creating the ideal dry, hot conditions for large-scale wildfire ignition and spread.

  • Bonnie Tyler fans line the streets of a Welsh village as her coffin is brought home

    Bonnie Tyler fans line the streets of a Welsh village as her coffin is brought home

    On a quiet Saturday in the Welsh coastal community of Mumbles, hundreds of fans and local residents filled the village streets to pay their final respects to legendary Welsh pop vocalist Bonnie Tyler, as her flag-draped coffin made its journey home following her passing at age 75 last month.

    The Grammy-nominated artist, who won global adoration for her 1983 chart-topping power ballad *Total Eclipse of the Heart*, died at a hospital in Portugal, where she maintained a second residence. She had been admitted to a Faro hospital in May for emergency intestinal surgery, just months before her death.

    Mourners traveled from across the United Kingdom and beyond to line the route of Tyler’s hearse. Many waited for hours outside her former local home, leaving vibrant floral tributes and sharing quiet memories of the star’s decades-long connection to her Welsh roots. Eighteen-year-old Carys Edwards, one of the gathered fans, reflected on Tyler’s enduring bond with her home community: “She was always coming home and making sure that she came back to her fans in Wales. Her songs really did touch a lot of people here in Wales; we loved her a lot.”

    Born Gaynor Hopkins in 1951, Tyler grew up in working-class Skewen, a small town roughly 11 kilometers outside Swansea. The daughter of a coal miner, she was raised in public housing with three sisters and two brothers, cutting her teeth on local performance stages before launching a career that would span more than five decades. Over her career, she earned three Grammy Award nominations, represented the United Kingdom at the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest, and was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 2022 by Queen Elizabeth II in recognition of her contributions to global music—honors anchored largely by the unprecedented success of *Total Eclipse of the Heart*.

    That iconic power ballad claimed the number one spot on music charts on both sides of the Atlantic, and has accrued more than one billion streams on digital platforms to date. Its popularity has experienced repeated surges in recent years, coinciding with major solar eclipses in 2017, 2024, and the recent total solar eclipse that crossed North America earlier this month. Beyond her signature hit, Tyler built a loyal fanbase with other chart-topping tracks including *It’s a Heartache* and *Holding Out For a Hero*, the latter featured on the blockbuster soundtrack for the 1980s classic film *Footloose*.

    High-profile peers including Catherine Zeta-Jones, Rod Stewart, and Bryan Adams have already publicly shared their tributes to Tyler following the news of her death. A private celebration of life for Tyler’s immediate family and close friends is scheduled to take place on Monday at a Swansea church, after which her coffin will travel for a final procession through her childhood hometown of Skewen. Tyler is featured as one of the most high-profile cultural figures included in 2026’s annual year-in-review of influential global figures who have died over the past 12 months.

  • UK’s leader calls for reflection after the death of former Cambridge professor accused of plagiarism

    UK’s leader calls for reflection after the death of former Cambridge professor accused of plagiarism

    The sudden, unexpected death of 41-year-old Jason Arday — Cambridge University’s youngest Black professor, who resigned just days earlier amid a heated public scandal over academic plagiarism allegations — has thrown the United Kingdom into a fierce national debate about racial bias, academic accountability, and the escalating culture wars surrounding diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) policies in higher education.

    Arday, who held a position as professor of sociology of education, was found unresponsive at a residential address in south London on Friday afternoon. London’s Metropolitan Police confirmed the death is being treated as unexpected but not suspicious, consistent with a voice note Arday sent to a close friend earlier that same day, in which he said he “felt he couldn’t go on.”

    The controversy surrounding Arday began last month, when Nathan Cofnas, a former Cambridge philosophy researcher who left the institution after widespread protests against his public criticism of DEI initiatives, publicly raised questions about Arday’s academic qualifications. Cofnas has previously claimed that in a purely merit-based system, Black people “would disappear from almost all high-profile positions outside of sports and entertainment.”

    Following Cofnas’s initial claims, British media outlets published reports alleging that more than 100 passages from Arday’s 2015 PhD thesis were identical or nearly identical to work completed by another scholar years earlier. Reporters later challenged other personal and professional claims Arday had made over his career, including assertions that he had raised £5.5 million ($7.4 million) for charity through extreme athletic feats — such as running 30 marathons in 35 days and 600 miles in six days — and that he had overcome severe developmental delays that left him non-verbal until age 11. Arday, who publicly shared his diagnosis of autism, stated he could not read or write until he was 18 years old. He later revised his charity fundraising claims after the scrutiny emerged.

    Arday formally resigned from his Cambridge post on August 5. While he never admitted to intentional plagiarism, he acknowledged he had made accidental errors during his doctoral work. Initially, Cambridge University stood by Arday, noting that the original plagiarism claims had already been reviewed by Liverpool John Moores University, the institution that awarded his doctorate. But the university reversed its position shortly after, opening a formal investigation into Arday’s qualifications and honorary appointments, and announcing a broader institutional review of its senior hiring practices in response to the controversy.

    In the wake of Arday’s death, his family released a harrowing statement confirming he had endured years of targeted abuse and harassment dating back to the start of his tenure at Cambridge. “The campaign of misinformation was too much for Jason,” the family said, through his UK publisher Simon & Schuster. “We are in shock to have lost this amazing father, partner, brother, uncle and son.”

    Prominent academic figures have echoed the family’s claims that the scrutiny of Arday crossed far beyond legitimate accountability into cruel, disproportionate targeting. Simon Baron-Cohen, a leading Cambridge professor and director of the university’s Autism Research Centre, told the BBC that Arday was “subjected to relentless scrutiny, including ridicule, discrediting absolutely every detail of his life, and he wasn’t coping with the loss of his career, the loss of his reputation.”

    Critics of the media and anti-DEI campaigners argue that the allegations against Arday were deliberately inflated to serve broader ideological attacks on diversity policies, amplified by racial bias that turned a routine academic inquiry into a public execution. Supporters of this view include London Mayor Sadiq Khan, who said Arday had been “the victim of a pernicious public shaming that other people in his position simply wouldn’t have faced.” Daniel Kebede, general secretary of the National Education Union, added that the situation had unleashed widespread harm to underrepresented scholars: “There is a profound difference between scrutiny and a sustained public campaign that turns an individual into a symbol of everything the right believes is wrong with DEI. The effect has been chilling. It tells Black people and others from underrepresented backgrounds that entering prominent public positions will make you a target.”

    Not all public commentary has placed blame solely on Arday’s accusers, however. Former Conservative home secretary James Cleverly, who is Black, argued on social media platform X that academic leaders also bear responsibility for Arday’s death. “They put him into positions he was clearly not qualified for so they could have a Black wunderkind to show off; they pushed him into the spotlight for their own benefit,” Cleverly wrote.

    UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham called for deliberate reflection rather than hasty conclusions in comments to reporters on Saturday. “It’s a tragedy on so many levels,” Burnham said. “It’s not a moment for any rushing to judgment. It’s a moment for reflection, I would say, reflecting on how things came to this.” Deborah Prentice, Cambridge’s vice chancellor, said the university community was “desperately saddened” by Arday’s death, and the institution has pledged to follow through on its promised review of appointment processes.

  • Liechtenstein changes its rules to allow women to inherit the Alpine principality’s throne

    Liechtenstein changes its rules to allow women to inherit the Alpine principality’s throne

    VADUZ, Liechtenstein — In a landmark shift for one of Europe’s last male-dominated monarchies, Liechtenstein’s princely family has formally approved changing the country’s centuries-old succession rules to allow women to inherit the throne, hereditary Prince Alois announced during the nation’s national day address Saturday.

    The reform, which replaces the long-standing system of male primogeniture with absolute primogeniture, secured the required two-thirds majority vote from eligible royal family members at a private vote held Wednesday, Alois confirmed. Under the new framework, the first-born child of a reigning monarch will become the legitimate heir to the throne, regardless of whether they are male or female.

    In prepared remarks published on the royal household’s official website, Alois framed the change as aligned with the principality’s centuries-long tradition of adaptive, thoughtful governance. “The ability to combine continuity and renewal is also a principle that we foster inside the princely house,” he said, noting that “in our centuries-old history, it has served us well to make decisions in a long-term and very well thought-out way.”

    Unlike many European royal successions that have undergone sudden shifts amid public pressure, this reform will not alter the immediate line of succession for the tiny alpine nation. Prince Hans-Adam II, Alois’ father, remains Liechtenstein’s formal head of state, though he transferred nearly all executive powers to his 58-year-old eldest son in 2004, in keeping with the royal family’s long-standing tradition of handing control to the next generation ahead of the end of a reign. Currently, Alois’ eldest child, 31-year-old Prince Joseph Wenzel, remains first in line for the throne, a position that will not change under the new rules.

    Home to just 40,000 residents and nestled between Switzerland and Austria, Liechtenstein is one of the world’s wealthiest countries per capita, and its monarchy retains far more executive power than most contemporary European royal institutions. The reigning prince holds the authority to veto referendum results, appoint national judges, and dismiss the entire sitting government.

    The reform marks the latest step in a slow shift toward greater gender inclusion in the traditionally conservative country. Notably, Liechtenstein was the last European nation to extend voting rights to women in national elections, a change only approved via a narrow male-led referendum in 1984 that was publicly backed by Hans-Adam. Just last year, the country made history when Brigitte Haas was sworn in as its first female prime minister, marking another milestone for female representation in the nation’s public life.

  • Europe’s tallest statue of the Virgin Mary is inaugurated in a small Polish village

    Europe’s tallest statue of the Virgin Mary is inaugurated in a small Polish village

    On a Saturday in central Poland, a landmark expected to draw pilgrims and tourists from across the continent debuted in the tiny village of Konotopie, population fewer than 150: a colossal statue of the Virgin Mary, now recognized as the tallest monument of its kind in Europe.

    Standing 55.6 meters (182 feet) tall from its base to the tip of its crown-shaped 15-meter pedestal, the new monument out-scales some of the world’s most famous large religious landmarks. It tops Brazil’s iconic Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro, which reaches just 38 meters including its own pedestal, even if the Brazilian statue holds a more dramatic cliffside location. It also exceeds Poland’s previous record-holding large religious monument, the Christ the King statue in the western town of Swiebodzin. Unveiled in 2010, that monument measures roughly 52 meters from the ground to its peak when including its supporting mound. While a far taller 98-meter Virgin Mary statue stands in the Philippines, the Konotopie monument has claimed the European height title for its category.

    The entire project was privately financed by one of Poland’s wealthiest entrepreneurial couples, Roman and Grażyna Karkosik, who reside in a small country palace just a few kilometers from the village. Roman Karkosik built his fortune starting in the 1990s, when he launched a plastic bottle manufacturing business before expanding into large-scale investments on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, growing his net worth to place him among Poland’s richest people. The couple has publicly stated the statue was created as an act of gratitude to God, constructed after Roman recovered from a serious illness.

    The inauguration of the monument takes place against a unique religious and cultural landscape in Poland. More than 80% of the country’s population identifies as Roman Catholic, and the Catholic Church has held outsized social and political influence since the collapse of communism in 1989. That influence grew from the church’s widespread prestige earned through its open support for anti-communist opposition movements during the Cold War era. Poland is also the birthplace of St. John Paul II, who served as Pope from 1978 until his death in 2005, and a smaller statue of the beloved Polish pontiff was unveiled in the famous pilgrimage city of Czestochowa more than a decade ago.

    In recent years, however, the role of religion in Polish public life has gradually shifted. Religious participation and identification have declined steadily, particularly among younger generations and in major urban centers. Even so, the Catholic Church retains significant social and political clout, especially in rural, small-town communities like Konotopie and among older age groups.

    Local civic leaders are already betting on the giant statue’s drawing power, with plans to position it as both a major new Catholic pilgrimage site and a mainstream tourist attraction. To accommodate visitors, the monument includes a public viewing platform built directly into its large pedestal, offering guests panoramic views of the surrounding central Polish countryside.

  • Dozens injured and thousands evacuated in Croatia wildfire

    Dozens injured and thousands evacuated in Croatia wildfire

    A catastrophic wildfire that ranks among the most destructive in Croatia’s modern history has carved a deadly path across the country’s Adriatic coastline, leaving at least one person dead and nearly 40 others injured, 10 of them in intensive care, after raging through coastal communities from Thursday night into Friday morning. The inferno ignited late Thursday near the small village of Lokva Rogoznica, and rapidly advanced toward the popular coastal tourist hub of Omis, located just six kilometers away. Fanned by gale-force winds that pushed flames across dry pine-covered hillsides, the blaze spread at an unprecedented rate, consuming 1,000 hectares of land in just four hours, destroying everything in its path, including dozens of homes and parked vehicles.

    Approximately 1,200 people, both local residents and visiting tourists, were forced to flee the advancing fire, with emergency responders opening temporary shelters in multiple nearby coastal towns to house those displaced. Dramatic footage shared across social media captured apocalyptic scenes: thick black smoke choking the sky and turning it bright red, massive flames devouring vegetation, and panicked onlookers trapped as the fire cut off escape routes. Some desperate evacuees were forced to jump from their boats into the Adriatic Sea to escape the intense heat and advancing flames.

    Over 300 firefighters were deployed to contain the blaze overnight, but rapid spread and extreme conditions forced crews to repeatedly retreat to avoid being trapped. Viseslav Pesic, commander of the Omis Volunteer Fire Department, told news outlet Reuters that the intensity of the fire led many fleeing residents to abandon their vehicles directly in active fire zones, blocking access routes and slowing emergency response efforts. On Friday morning, search teams conducting sweep operations of burned-out areas discovered the body of the fire’s first fatality, and search operations continued in affected zones as of Friday afternoon.

    During an official visit to the impacted region on Friday, Croatian Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic commended the relentless work of emergency crews, noting that the fire spread at “lightning speed” driven by powerful winds. “What the firefighters have managed to save here is truly a miracle,” Plenkovic told reporters on site. Croatia’s national fire chief Slavko Tucakovic echoed that assessment, labeling the event “one of the worst” wildfires in the nation’s recorded history.

    This devastating blaze is far from an isolated event: much of Southern Europe is currently grappling with a wave of extreme wildfire activity, driven by a record-breaking summer of prolonged heatwaves and persistent dry conditions that have left vegetation tinder-dry across the continent. In Greece, more than 200 people were evacuated by sea from a beach resort in Agios Vasileios as wildfires spread across the country. In southwestern France’s Landes region, over 500 residents were displaced by a new blaze near an area already left devastated by earlier wildfires this summer. In western Germany, 2,000 residents of the village of Gey were ordered to evacuate when a forest fire advanced toward the settlement near the Belgian border. In the United Kingdom, authorities issued an emergency “very high risk” wildfire alert to millions of people across England and Wales on Friday, as firefighters battle multiple active blazes in the West Midlands.

  • Four more belugas arrive at Chicago aquarium from shuttered Canadian theme park

    Four more belugas arrive at Chicago aquarium from shuttered Canadian theme park

    CHICAGO – A landmark cross-border animal rescue effort reached a new milestone this week as four more beluga whales completed their journey from a shuttered Canadian theme park to Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, bringing the total number of relocated belugas at the facility to eight. This transfer marks the second group of whales moved from Ontario’s Marineland, an amusement park near Niagara Falls that permanently closed to the public in late 2024, following an initial batch of four belugas that arrived at Shedd last July.

    The relocation is part of a broader, internationally coordinated rescue plan approved by the Canadian government that will eventually move all 30 whales and four dolphins remaining at Marineland to accredited aquariums and marine parks across the United States and Spain. Without the approval of this rescue effort, animal welfare experts warn the entire captive population would have faced mass euthanasia.

    Marineland, which first announced it was up for sale in early 2023, has long faced scrutiny over the health and welfare of its marine mammal population. Data obtained through Canadian freedom-of-information laws and official public statements confirms that 20 marine mammals – 19 belugas and one killer whale – have died at the facility since 2019, raising urgent calls for a swift intervention to save the remaining animals.

    The international transfer operation is unprecedented in scale and complexity, requiring months of meticulous advance planning to ensure the whales’ safety during travel. Each beluga is transported in custom-built supportive slings housed inside temperature-controlled shipping containers, designed to reduce stress and physical strain during the cross-border journey. Months before the first transfer, a team of veterinary and animal care experts from the receiving facilities traveled to Marineland to collaborate with the park’s former caretakers and review years of detailed health records for every whale, crafting personalized care plans for each animal.

    “This is a very complex and unprecedented rescue effort. This has never been done before,” explained Charlie Jacobsma, Shedd Aquarium’s director of animal behavior and training. To support a smooth social transition for the highly social belugas, Jacobsma noted that the new arrivals were first introduced to the aquarium’s existing resident belugas through controlled gated interactions, allowing the animals to gradually select their own social groups before sharing a full habitat. Currently, the eight relocated belugas share space with three long-term resident belugas at Shedd, and caretakers have already observed positive social engagement, including affiliative behaviors and the iconic vocalizations belugas use to communicate.

    “Belugas are very social animals,” Jacobsma said. “It was really special to be able to see some of our animals pairing up with these new animals.”

    Veterinary staff at Shedd are providing round-the-clock care to help the new arrivals adjust to their new environment, monitoring the whales’ health and behavior constantly throughout the transition period. “All the belugas are taking the adjustment to their new home day by day,” said Dr. Karisa Tang, Shedd’s lead veterinarian. The care team tracks the whales’ food intake, social interactions, and physical comfort minute by minute, checking for signs of stress, soreness, or injury, and looking for indicators of well-being such as calm, relaxed swimming patterns.

    Tang added that belugas’ distinct expressive faces and individual personalities make the work particularly rewarding for the Shedd team. “Every single day it is an absolute joy to work with belugas. There’s something about them that seems magical,” she said.

    Once complete, the full rescue effort will disperse Marineland’s remaining belugas and dolphins across five partner facilities: Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, SeaWorld parks in San Antonio and San Diego, and Oceanografic Valencia in Spain, giving each animal a permanent new home in accredited, welfare-focused facilities.

  • France’s top court blocks social media ban for under-15s

    France’s top court blocks social media ban for under-15s

    A landmark decision from France’s Constitutional Council, the nation’s highest constitutional authority, has overturned a groundbreaking legislative ban on social media use for individuals under the age of 15, ruling that the policy violated fundamental constitutional protections for freedom of expression.

    The controversial bill, which positioned France as the first European nation to enact such a sweeping restriction on minor’s social media access, was approved by national lawmakers in July 2025. Drafted in response to growing public and expert concern over the well-documented negative impacts of unregulated social media use on adolescent mental health, the ban was scheduled to roll out in phases starting this September under a commitment from President Emmanuel Macron’s administration.

    The court’s Friday ruling nullifies the policy entirely. Shortly after the decision was announced, President Macron directed Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu to develop a revised draft law that addresses all the constitutional concerns raised by the council. The review of the original legislation was triggered by Lecornu himself, who referred contested portions of the bill to the nine-member Constitutional Council after its parliamentary approval to confirm its alignment with France’s constitution.

    In its official ruling, the council stated that the core first article of the original legislation created an infringement on under-15s’ rights to freedom of expression and communication that was “neither appropriate, necessary, nor proportionate” to the stated goal of protecting youth mental health. The court also highlighted critical flaws in the law’s mandatory age-verification requirement for accessing online platforms, noting that the policy failed to put in place the “necessary legal safeguards” to protect user rights, raising unaddressed privacy concerns.

    Following the ruling, a spokesperson from the Élysée Palace confirmed that the French government will move forward with expedited work on a new bill, emphasizing that President Macron remains fully committed to implementing this reform by the beginning of 2027. The original policy would have barred all users under 15 from creating new social media accounts starting this September, with mandatory age verification for all new accounts, and extended the rule to all existing accounts by January 2026.

    Critics of the original ban had raised a host of concerns long before the court ruling, questioning everything from the technical feasibility of the policy to the privacy risks of widespread age verification. Opponents also argued that young, tech-savvy users would easily bypass verification checks, and that the legislation had been rushed through the legislative process without sufficient scrutiny.

    France’s policy is part of a growing global trend of restricting minor access to social media: Australia became the first nation to implement a national ban in December 2024, barring users under 16 from platforms, though enforcement gaps have left widespread underage use unchanged. Across Europe, momentum for restrictive policies has accelerated in recent months. In May 2025, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen proposed a “social media delay” for children across the European Union, indicating that new bloc-wide legislation could be introduced within months. In the United Kingdom, Labour Party leader and Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer announced a national ban on social media for under-16s set to take effect in January 2027, alongside an optional midnight curfew for 16 and 17-year-old users.

  • France’s top court blocks under-15 social media ban, citing constitutional freedoms

    France’s top court blocks under-15 social media ban, citing constitutional freedoms

    PARIS – In a landmark ruling that has upended a high-profile policy effort to shield minors from digital harm, France’s Constitutional Council announced Friday that a controversial law imposing a national ban on social media use for children under 15 is unconstitutional. The court’s official decision found the sweeping provisions of the ban violated fundamental French legal protections for freedom of expression and communication, noting that the legislation failed to put in place adequate safeguards to preserve these core civil liberties.

    Just one month prior, France made history as the first European Union member state to enact such a blanket restriction on minor social media access, a move that came amid growing global alarm over the well-documented negative impacts of unregulated social media use on children’s mental health, social development, and personal safety. The legislation, which also included a ban on mobile device use in all high school campuses, passed with bipartisan support through both chambers of the French national parliament.

    As one of the final major policy initiatives pushed through by President Emmanuel Macron’s administration before his term concludes in 2025, the law was slated to go into force at the opening of the 2024 academic year in September. However, mandatory constitutional review triggered by the bill’s contested provisions placed its implementation on hold before it could take effect.

    In the wake of the court’s rejection, President Macron reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to delivering a valid, enforceable ban by the spring of 2025. In an official statement released shortly after the ruling, Macron said he has directed Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu to expedite work on a revised proposal that addresses the Constitutional Council’s constitutional concerns while also aligning with broader European Union digital regulatory frameworks. “On this framework, it will fall to the President of the Republic, the Government, and Parliament to put in place all the necessary tools and structures to protect our children from the risks of unregulated social media access before the end of the current presidential term,” Macron added.