标签： Europe

PARIS — In a significant diplomatic development, Western nations have united to establish a comprehensive security architecture aimed at safeguarding Ukraine against potential future Russian aggression. The high-level gathering in Paris brought together leaders from European countries, Canada, and senior officials from both the European Union and NATO, alongside U.S. representatives, marking the most substantial collective effort to date in planning Ukraine’s long-term security.

The consensus framework, endorsed by participating nations, outlines multilayered security guarantees designed to take effect following any ceasefire or peace settlement with Russia. Central to this agreement is the recognition that Ukraine’s armed forces will serve as the primary deterrent against future attacks, with international partners committing to sustained military assistance and arms provisions even after active hostilities conclude.

French President Emmanuel Macron characterized the joint statement as a “significant step” toward resolving Russia’s ongoing invasion, though Moscow officials remained silent regarding the Paris meeting. The proposed security measures encompass five critical components: ceasefire monitoring mechanisms, continued support for Ukrainian armed forces, potential deployment of multinational forces across land, sea, and air domains, agreed response protocols for any future Russian aggression, and establishment of long-term defense cooperation with Ukraine.

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer revealed that the United Kingdom and France plan to establish military installations throughout Ukraine to facilitate weapons storage and equipment protection, though any European troop deployments would require legislative approval in respective nations. U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff affirmed American support for the security guarantees without specifying military contributions.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy acknowledged progress in the talks while emphasizing that individual national ratifications must precede implementation. He noted that participants had identified leadership countries for various security elements and determined necessary force structures, though operational details, financing arrangements, and monitoring mechanisms remain unresolved.

Prime Minister Starmer cautioned that “the hardest yards are still ahead,” highlighting continued Russian attacks and Vladimir Putin’s apparent unwillingness to pursue peace. The discussed security measures would only activate following a ceasefire or comprehensive settlement and subsequent domestic approval processes—a complexity Zelenskyy acknowledged by noting that not all nations are prepared to commit forces, with some preferring weapons, technology, or intelligence support instead.

Russia maintains that ceasefire discussions cannot occur without a comprehensive settlement and has explicitly rejected any NATO troop presence on Ukrainian territory. Ukrainian officials have repeatedly warned that any ceasefire lacking enforceable guarantees could provide Moscow opportunity to regroup and launch renewed offensive operations.

The Paris framework currently lacks binding commitments, leaving Ukraine dependent on allies’ political will to transform conceptual plans into operational realities. Potential obstacles include legislative approval requirements, unresolved force structure details, financing uncertainties, and transatlantic coordination challenges—all factors that could substantially delay or dilute the proposed security assurances.

The participation of 35 representatives, including 27 heads of state or government, underscored the coalition’s breadth, though Zelenskyy observed that the coalition’s very existence depends on specific nations enhancing their engagement. For Ukraine, the paramount concern remains that deterrence mechanisms remain theoretical while active warfare continues.

In a significant development at the Paris summit attended by over 30 allied nations, British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer announced a groundbreaking military cooperation agreement with France regarding future operations in Ukraine. The declaration of intent outlines plans for joint military deployment contingent upon the establishment of a ceasefire and peace agreement with Russia.

The strategic arrangement involves establishing multinational military hubs throughout Ukrainian territory and constructing protected facilities for weapons and military equipment storage. These installations are designed to address Ukraine’s ongoing defensive requirements during the post-conflict transition period. The initiative represents a concrete step toward providing sustained security assistance to Kyiv beyond immediate combat operations.

Senior US negotiator Steve Witkoff emphasized the critical importance of this development, stating that “durable security guarantees and robust prosperity commitments are essential to a lasting peace” in Ukraine. This position aligns with Ukraine’s consistent demands for international security assurances against future aggression.

The announcement comes amid continued Russian warnings that any foreign military presence in Ukraine would be treated as “legitimate targets.” Moscow’s stance remains unchanged since President Vladimir Putin initiated the full-scale invasion in February 2022, which has resulted in Russia controlling approximately 20% of Ukrainian territory. The Franco-British agreement signals Western resolve to maintain long-term strategic engagement in Eastern European security architecture regardless of Russian objections.

In a strategic diplomatic move, Canada is deploying its highest-ranking Indigenous official and foreign minister to Greenland early next February. Prime Minister Mark Carney confirmed the visit would include Governor General Mary Simon, Canada’s first Indigenous governor general of Inuk descent, and Foreign Minister Anita Anand. The delegation plans to establish a Canadian consulate in Nuuk, Greenland’s capital.

This development occurs against the backdrop of renewed territorial assertions from former U.S. President Donald Trump, who has repeatedly suggested American acquisition of Greenland and even referenced Canada becoming ‘the 51st state.’ Greenland, with its predominantly Inuit population of approximately 56,000, operates as a self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark.

Prime Minister Carney, during meetings with Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen at Canada’s Paris embassy, emphatically stated that “the future of Greenland and Denmark are decided solely by the people of Denmark.” This position received robust international support as leaders from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom jointly affirmed Greenland’s sovereignty, recognizing the mineral-rich Arctic island “belongs to its people.”

The diplomatic coordination took place alongside the Coalition of the Willing talks on Ukraine, with Carney specifically arranging meetings with Frederiksen and NATO’s secretary general. Both leaders emphasized their commitment to Arctic security cooperation within the NATO framework, with Frederiksen acknowledging Canada’s “respect for national sovereignty.”

Professor Daniel Béland of McGill University highlighted the delicate balance Canada must maintain, noting that while demonstrating solidarity with Greenland is crucial for Arctic governance and international law principles, the Canadian government must simultaneously avoid jeopardizing ongoing trade negotiations with the United States.

PARIS – A high-stakes diplomatic gathering in Paris has revealed profound fractures in transatlantic relations as European leaders struggled to balance Ukraine peace negotiations with growing U.S. territorial ambitions toward Greenland. The meeting, attended by the U.S. delegation including Special Envoy Steve Witkoff and Senior Advisor Jared Kushner, occurred against a backdrop of escalating tension following recent U.S. military intervention in Venezuela and President Trump’s explicit interest in acquiring Greenland for national security purposes.

Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen faced immense pressure from European counterparts to avoid confrontation over Greenland, fearing potential repercussions for U.S. support in Ukraine. Despite efforts to separate the issues, leaders from major European nations issued a carefully worded statement acknowledging Greenland’s NATO status while asserting that “only Denmark and Greenland can decide matters concerning Denmark and Greenland.”

The diplomatic communique, though welcomed by Greenland’s Premier Jens Frederik Nielsen, revealed Europe’s disunity as it lacked signatures from all EU members and NATO ally Britain. Camille Grande of the European Council on Foreign Relations noted that broader participation would have delivered a stronger message to Washington.

This situation presents a stark geopolitical paradox: European leaders seek U.S. cooperation in protecting Ukrainian sovereignty from Russian aggression while responding to American threats against Danish territory. The irony intensifies considering both nations are NATO allies, with Denmark having recently pledged $4 billion toward Greenland’s defense infrastructure.

President Trump has consistently expressed interest in Greenland, previously suggesting purchase and refusing to rule out military action. His Sunday remarks emphasized the island’s strategic importance, claiming Russian and Chinese naval presence justifies U.S. control—an assertion Denmark strongly contests.

The U.S. maintains a military presence in Greenland through the Thule Air Base, established during the Cold War. While personnel has dwindled from 10,000 to approximately 200, recent developments suggest renewed American interest in Arctic security.

European response has been notably cautious, with initial silence from major powers followed by tempered statements supporting Danish sovereignty. An anonymous EU official acknowledged the situation highlights “Europe’s fundamental weakness vis-à-vis Trump,” reflecting broader concerns about the bloc’s inability to present a unified front.

Former U.S. Ambassador to NATO Juliane Smith warned this crisis “risks breaking the EU” and presents an existential dilemma for NATO. The alliance’s Article 5 collective defense clause doesn’t explicitly cover conflicts between member states, as demonstrated during the 1974 Cyprus conflict between Turkey and Greece.

With Europe remaining heavily dependent on U.S. military capabilities despite increased defense spending commitments, the Greenland situation exposes fundamental power imbalances. As White House Deputy Chief of Staff bluntly stated, “Nobody’s going to fight the United States militarily over the future of Greenland.”

In a significant wartime leadership reorganization, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has restructured the nation’s security apparatus by replacing Security Service (SBU) chief Vasyl Malyuk and designating Major General Yevhenii Khmara as acting head. This decision represents the latest in a series of strategic personnel adjustments since Russia’s full-scale invasion began in 2022.

The SBU, traditionally responsible for domestic security and counter-intelligence operations, has dramatically expanded its mandate during the conflict, orchestrating sophisticated sabotage missions and targeted assassinations deep within Russian territory. Malyuk, who had commanded the agency since the war’s inception, earned national recognition for his aggressive campaign against Russian assets and successful purging of suspected double agents from SBU ranks.

His removal sparked considerable controversy within Ukrainian defense circles, particularly given his celebrated coordination of last June’s ‘Spider Web’ offensive—a daring operation involving over 100 drones striking Russian airbases. Reports indicating Malyuk’s initial refusal to relinquish his position voluntarily further intensified scrutiny of Zelensky’s decision.

Despite the dismissal, Malyuk will retain operational control over special missions against Russian forces, with Zelensky emphasizing Ukraine’s critical need for ‘asymmetric operations’ and describing Malyuk as uniquely qualified for such tasks.

Khmara, Malyuk’s successor and co-architect of the Spider Web operation, brings substantial battlefield credentials to the role. The decorated officer participated in the liberation of Kyiv region in 2022 and engaged in combat operations against Russian forces in occupied Donetsk. His appointment requires formal confirmation by Ukraine’s parliament, where approval remains uncertain.

Analysts offer divergent perspectives on the leadership transition. Former SBU operative Ivan Stupak suggests the move connects to the recent appointment of former spy chief Kyrylo Budanov as Zelensky’s chief of staff, noting historical tensions between Malyuk and Budanov. Conversely, political analyst Oleksandr Notevskyi praises Khmara’s operational record leading Alpha, one of SBU’s elite divisions, describing him as ‘young, experienced, and specialized in eliminating Russia’s military capacities.’

The restructuring occurs as Ukraine increasingly relies on asymmetric warfare tactics—targeting energy infrastructure, weapons manufacturing facilities, and military airbases—amid challenges in conventional battlefield operations against Russian forces along the eastern front.