Researchers from Lingnan Normal University in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, have pioneered an innovative biotechnology that converts discarded shrimp and crab shells into high-value materials with significant applications in food preservation and aquaculture sustainability. Led by Professor Liu Kaidong and Liang Fengyan from the School of Life Science and Technology, the team has developed advanced chitosan extraction and modification techniques that address both environmental concerns and economic opportunities.
The technology centers on extracting chitin from seafood waste and transforming it into chitosan through deacetylation processes. This natural polysaccharide possesses remarkable antibacterial properties and complete biodegradability. Through functional modification and forming processing techniques including dip-coating/spray-coating film formation, ionic-covalent cross-linking, and microencapsulation, the researchers have created multifunctional materials that leverage chitosan’s inherent film-forming capabilities combined with natural plant extracts.
In agricultural applications, the chitosan-based preservation systems extend fruit and vegetable shelf life by 200-300%, significantly reducing post-harvest losses. Specific results include extending lychee’s ambient freshness to 6-8 days and reducing papaya decay rates below 5%. Compared to traditional chemical preservatives, this approach offers superior safety and environmental compatibility while enabling price premiums of 10-20% for quality produce.
Aquaculture applications demonstrate even more dramatic impacts, with pathogen inhibition exceeding 90% against organisms like Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The technology reduces vibriosis incidence below 5% while increasing survival rates by 15-25% across crustaceans, fish, and shellfish. Implementation methods include water dispersion and feed supplementation, though careful concentration management is required for delicate species like sea cucumber and abalone fry.
The economic implications for Zhanjiang—China’s renowned ‘seafood capital’—are substantial. Annual projections indicate reduction of fruit and vegetable losses by 300,000-750,000 metric tons, generating additional revenue of 600 million to 1.5 billion yuan. Shrimp production could increase by 80,000-240,000 tons annually with comprehensive direct benefits reaching 3-8.5 billion yuan while reducing cultivation costs by 500-1,000 yuan per mu.
This technological breakthrough addresses critical environmental challenges posed by marine solid waste while creating substantial economic value. The research team continues to promote integration between scientific advancement and local industrial development, driving sustainable growth in the marine economy through innovative green technologies.