Global Pulse

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  • US officially leaves World Health Organization

    US officially leaves World Health Organization

    The United States has formally executed its departure from the World Health Organization (WHO), severing ties with the UN health agency and ceasing all financial contributions. This decision, initiated by an executive order from President Donald Trump a year prior, culminates in the withdrawal of U.S. personnel, the termination of funding, and the suspension of hundreds of collaborative engagements.

    The Trump administration justified the exit by citing the WHO’s alleged mismanagement of the COVID-19 pandemic, a perceived resistance to reform, and undue political influence from member nations, specifically accusing the organization of a ‘China-centric’ bias. U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy and Secretary of State Marco Rubio issued a joint statement asserting that the WHO ‘abandoned its core mission and acted repeatedly against the interests of the United States.’

    In response, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus characterized the withdrawal as a detrimental loss for both global public health and the United States itself. The organization highlighted its historic achievements, including combating polio and HIV/AIDS, reducing maternal mortality, and establishing the international tobacco control treaty.

    The financial impact is immediate and severe. The U.S., traditionally the WHO’s largest donor, has withheld its dues for 2024 and 2025, creating an estimated $260 million shortfall that has already triggered significant job losses within the agency. Although WHO legal counsel contends the U.S. is obligated to settle these arrears, Washington has declared it sees no reason to comply.

    This move isolates the U.S. from a key multilateral health effort, notably the new international pandemic treaty agreed upon by all other WHO member states in April. The treaty aims to ensure equitable distribution of vaccines and drugs and improve preparedness for future global health crises.

    Going forward, U.S. officials stated that engagement with the WHO will be strictly limited to managing the withdrawal process and safeguarding American health. The administration plans to pursue bilateral agreements for disease surveillance and pathogen sharing, though it could not specify any established partnerships. Critical global health initiatives, such as the fight against polio and the development of the annual flu vaccine, will now rely on partnerships with NGOs and faith-based groups, details of which remain undefined.

  • China’s sacred revolutionary sites Zunyi, Yan’an to be connected by high-speed rail

    China’s sacred revolutionary sites Zunyi, Yan’an to be connected by high-speed rail

    China’s national railway network achieves another milestone as two historically significant revolutionary sites become directly connected through high-speed rail service. Beginning January 26, 2026, travelers can journey between Zunyi in Guizhou Province and Yan’an in Shaanxi Province with unprecedented efficiency.

    The new connection, implemented under China Railway Chengdu Group’s first-quarter schedule for 2026, represents a strategic enhancement to the country’s transportation infrastructure. This development effectively bridges the previous service gap between southwestern regions including Sichuan, Guizhou, and Chongqing with the historically important northern city of Yan’an.

    Travel time between these symbolic locations has been dramatically reduced. The southbound journey from Yan’an to Zunyi now requires merely 8 hours and 7 minutes, while the northbound route takes 8 hours and 49 minutes. This constitutes a remarkable improvement over the conventional rail service, which previously demanded more than 16 hours for the same journey.

    The railway authority confirmed that starting January 27, two round-trip high-speed services will operate daily between these destinations. This connectivity milestone follows earlier railway developments: the Chongqing-Guiyang Railway inaugurated Zunyi’s high-speed era in January 2018, while the new 299-kilometer Xi’an-Yan’an line commenced operations in December 2025.

    This expansion contributes to China’s position as operator of the world’s most extensive high-speed network, which recently surpassed 50,000 kilometers in total operational mileage. The connection reinforces the integration of historically significant regions into China’s modern transportation framework, facilitating both cultural exchange and economic development.

  • EU Commission indicates it’s ready to implement Mercosur trade deal despite parliament vote to delay

    EU Commission indicates it’s ready to implement Mercosur trade deal despite parliament vote to delay

    FRANKFURT, Germany — The European Union has declared its readiness to provisionally implement a comprehensive free trade agreement with South America’s Mercosur bloc, despite recent parliamentary obstacles. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced Friday that the EU would move forward once at least one Mercosur nation completes ratification.

    Speaking at the conclusion of the Brussels summit where multiple national leaders addressed the matter, von der Leyen emphasized the collective interest in expediting the agreement’s benefits. “We maintain a clear interest in ensuring this agreement’s advantages take effect at the earliest opportunity,” she stated during a press briefing. “In essence, our preparedness matches theirs.”

    The Commission President clarified that no formal implementation decision has been finalized. Supporting this position, Antonio Costa, head of the EU Council, confirmed the executive commission’s jurisdictional authority to proceed with interim application.

    This development occurs despite the European Parliament’s narrow Wednesday vote to refer the trade pact to the European Court of Justice for legal examination, effectively stalling ratification until judicial review completion—a process potentially requiring months.

    The Mercosur-EU agreement represents a cornerstone of Brussels’ strategy to diversify trade partnerships beyond historical U.S. dependencies, particularly following strained relations during Donald Trump’s presidency. The accord, championed by South American agricultural producers and European industrial sectors, proposes the progressive elimination of over 90% tariffs on commodities ranging from Argentine beef to German automobiles.

    France, the EU’s primary agricultural producer, continues advocating for enhanced farmer protections and has sought to postpone the pact. Conversely, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz characterized the parliamentary delay as “regrettable” while urging provisional implementation.

    Ratification appears virtually assured within South America, where the agreement enjoys substantial support. The Mercosur bloc comprises Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, with Bolivia excluded from the current agreement but potential future inclusion possible. Venezuela remains suspended from the bloc and is not party to the agreement.

  • Power of education shines in Xizang

    Power of education shines in Xizang

    On the morning of his departure to Lhasa, English instructor Shi Lei discovered his five-year-old son secretly curled inside his suitcase—a poignant symbol of the personal sacrifices made by educators serving Tibet’s remote communities. The young boy had concealed himself hoping to accompany his father, whispering fearfully, “I’m afraid you’ll leave me behind.

    This emotional moment encapsulates the challenging reality faced by hundreds of educators from Shaanxi Normal University who have dedicated their careers to teaching on the ‘roof of the world.’ Since 2007, SNNU has enrolled 1,196 students either originating from Tibet or committed to working in the region post-graduation. Between 2011 and 2025, the institution dispatched 884 graduates to classrooms across the autonomous region, with over 80% of teaching interns choosing to remain long-term.

    Shi Lei’s journey began during his formative years at SNNU, where he served as class monitor, joined the Communist Party of China, and met his future wife Wang Baohua. The university’s rigorous teacher training program equipped him with both pedagogical skills and philosophical foundations that would prove essential for high-altitude education.

    His commitment was solidified during a 2011 teaching internship at Gonggar Middle School in Lhokha, where he initially faced classrooms with only quarter of students possessing English textbooks. Through innovative methods incorporating English songs and poetry, Shi witnessed a remarkable transformation—within three weeks, nearly all students not only acquired textbooks but had carefully covered them in protective wrapping.

    Despite receiving attractive job offers from prestigious schools in Guangzhou, Chongqing, and his hometown Xi’an, Shi honored his commitment to teach at Lhasa Middle School. What began as a five-year plan has extended into nearly 14 years of service, despite significant physical tolls from the high-altitude environment. The region’s oxygen levels—approximately 60% of sea level—have contributed to serious health conditions including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, pulmonary edema, immune system damage, and cardiac issues. Shi has collapsed twice during classes and experienced nine-hour blackouts from exhaustion.

    The personal costs extend beyond health concerns. Shi carries profound guilt for being unable to adequately care for his mother during cancer treatment, for his wife who abandoned a stable career in Fujian to restart in Xi’an, and for the son who desperately misses his absent father.

    Yet these sacrifices are balanced by exceptional professional fulfillment. Shi employs full English immersion techniques, brain science-based memorization methods, and focuses on holistic student development beyond academic scores. His dedication has earned him the affectionate title ‘big brother’ from students and the ultimate professional validation: two former pupils now study at his alma mater, continuing the educational legacy he helped establish.

  • Who is To Lam, the ex-cop who wants to revamp Vietnam’s success story?

    Who is To Lam, the ex-cop who wants to revamp Vietnam’s success story?

    Vietnam’s Communist Party has formally elected To Lam as its General Secretary, securing his leadership for a five-year term following his initial appointment in August 2024 after the passing of long-serving leader Nguyen Phu Trong. The 68-year-old leader now faces the formidable task of steering Vietnam toward developed economy status while navigating complex geopolitical tensions and domestic challenges.

    Lam’s vision centers on breaking Vietnam free from the ‘middle income’ trap through sweeping administrative and economic reforms. During his April address commemorating the 50th anniversary of Liberation Day (marking the end of the Vietnam War), he invoked the spirit of Vietnam’s 1975 victory and the economic transformation achieved through the Đổi Mới reforms initiated in 1986. These reforms previously propelled Vietnam from one of the world’s poorest nations to its current status as a manufacturing powerhouse.

    The new leader’s ambitious agenda requires maintaining Vietnam’s impressive 6.5% average annual economic growth rate, which would potentially triple per capita income within two decades. However, significant obstacles loom: heavy reliance on foreign-owned industry, potential crippling tariffs from ongoing trade tensions with the United States, and the delicate geopolitical balancing act between Washington and Beijing.

    Lam brings to the position a extensive background in security apparatus, having spent over four decades in the People’s Public Security Forces. He has been a major architect of the ongoing ‘blazing furnace’ anti-corruption campaign initiated by his predecessor, which has disciplined tens of thousands of officials and resulted in high-profile prosecutions including the case of Truong My Lan, sentenced to death for financial crimes totaling $44 billion. The campaign has improved Vietnam’s standing in Transparency International’s corruption perceptions index, rising from 113th in 2016 to 88th in 2024.

    Concurrently, Lam has pursued bureaucratic streamlining, eliminating approximately 100,000 civil service positions, reducing provincial divisions, and consolidating government ministries. While these measures demonstrate reformist ambitions, critics caution that the anti-corruption drive’s zealous implementation may be creating additional bureaucratic complications.

    Lam’s tenure has not been without controversy. His security background has translated into continued repression of civil liberties, with Reporters Without Borders documenting over 70 journalists imprisoned since 2016, 38 of whom remain incarcerated. Vietnam consistently ranks among the world’s worst countries for press freedom. A particularly notable incident involved the 2021 imprisonment of a noodle vendor for parodying Salt Bae after Lam himself was filmed eating a $20,000 gold-flecked steak prepared by the celebrity chef.

    In foreign policy, Lam must navigate increasingly complex relations with both China and the United States while pursuing technological advancement. He has championed ‘high-quality’ growth through technological development, quadrupling science-and-technology funding and targeting $100 billion annually from the semiconductor sector by 2050.

    Analysts characterize Lam’s leadership style as pragmatic rather than ideological, prioritizing economic development and political stability. While maintaining continuity with previous administration priorities, his actions suggest a potentially bolder, more assertive approach to governing as Vietnam seeks to transform itself into a high-income economy within a generation.

  • Ancient pressure cooker making a stir

    Ancient pressure cooker making a stir

    A remarkable archaeological artifact from China’s Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24) has captured widespread public attention, demonstrating that pressure cooking technology existed more than two millennia before its official invention in the West. The Tripod with Bear-Shaped Feet, currently displayed at Hebei Museum in Shijiazhuang, represents an extraordinary fusion of culinary innovation, artistic craftsmanship, and ancient scientific understanding.

    Discovered in 1968 within the tomb of Prince Liu Sheng, this 18.1-centimeter bronze vessel features three distinctive bear-shaped feet that serve both decorative and symbolic purposes. During the Han Dynasty, bears were considered auspicious symbols representing good fortune and protection. Beyond its charming aesthetic, the tripod’s true technological marvel lies in its sophisticated sealing mechanism.

    The vessel incorporates an ingenious locking system consisting of flip-down animal-shaped latches attached to dual handles. When the lid is positioned and the latches are engaged with a slight twist, they secure beneath four standing animal figures on the lid’s surface, creating an exceptionally tight seal. This design, enhanced by raised patterns on both the rim and lid, effectively contains steam and increases internal pressure, significantly reducing cooking times while tenderizing ingredients.

    Archaeological experts from Peking University’s School of Archaeology and Museology have confirmed the functionality of this ancient pressure cooking system through replica testing. Professor Chen Jianli noted that chicken pieces placed inside a reconstructed model became perfectly tender after merely thirty minutes of cooking—a remarkable efficiency for the period.

    The technological sophistication evident in this artifact predates French physicist Denis Papin’s 17th-century “steam digester” by approximately 1,700 years. Museum researcher Chen Jing emphasized that the tripod’s manufacturing required exceptional bronze-casting skills, reflecting the advanced metallurgical capabilities of Han Dynasty craftspeople.

    The artifact has generated substantial interest on Chinese social media platforms, with many commentators expressing admiration for their ancestors’ ingenuity. The piece serves as a powerful reminder that innovative thinking transcends historical periods, connecting ancient culinary technology with modern kitchen practices through timeless scientific principles.

  • Trump’s MAGA movement ramps up attacks on ‘progressive white women’

    Trump’s MAGA movement ramps up attacks on ‘progressive white women’

    The MAGA movement aligned with former President Donald Trump has significantly escalated its rhetorical attacks against progressive white women in recent weeks, employing increasingly vitriolic language to characterize this demographic. This offensive follows the death of 37-year-old Renee Good, who was killed during protests against Trump’s immigration policies in Minnesota, an event that triggered a wave of harsh commentary from conservative voices.

    Right-wing commentators have developed derogatory terminology targeting these women, with radio host Erick Erickson introducing the acronym ‘AWFUL’ (Affluent White Female Urban Liberal). Vincent Oshana, a conservative comedian, asserted on social media platform X that ‘White liberal women are a cancer on the nation,’ claiming they engage in social causes due to boredom rather than conviction. Columnist David Marcus similarly dismissed women activists protesting immigration policies as ‘organized gangs of wine moms.’

    This targeted criticism occurs within a broader conservative campaign that challenges modern feminist ideals while promoting traditional masculinity. Some far-right elements, particularly Christian nationalists, have advocated for reconsidering women’s societal roles, with firebrand pastor Dale Partridge controversially declaring the 19th Amendment granting women suffrage ‘a moral and political tragedy for America.’

    According to Professor Juliet Williams, a gender studies expert at UCLA, these statements reflect a patriarchal worldview that necessitates male superiority. The Trump administration has concurrently emphasized masculine imagery, exemplified by Pentagon official Pete Hegseth’s frequent exercise videos and Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s comments praising Trump’s testosterone levels.

    Despite Trump maintaining majority support among white women overall in the 2016, 2020, and 2024 elections, polling data reveals a growing generational divide. Younger white women increasingly identify as progressive, while their male counterparts show stronger conservative leanings—a demographic dynamic that contributed significantly to Trump’s recent electoral success.

    The movement’s aesthetic dimensions have also emerged, with prominent Trump-affiliated women often presenting a specific appearance characterized by stylish attire, elaborate hairstyles, and cosmetic enhancements. Katie Miller, podcast host and wife of senior adviser Stephen Miller, explicitly claimed ‘Conservative women are just hotter than Liberal women,’ linking physical appearance to political ideology and reproductive choices. This perspective coincides with several high-profile pregnancies within Trump’s circle, including the Millers’ fourth child and Vice President JD Vance’s growing family.

  • Social media firms have come to ban ‘kicking and screaming’, says Australia eSafety boss

    Social media firms have come to ban ‘kicking and screaming’, says Australia eSafety boss

    Australia’s groundbreaking social media prohibition for users under 16 has achieved remarkable early results according to the nation’s internet regulator, with millions of accounts already removed since its December implementation. eSafety Commissioner Julie Inman Grant revealed to the BBC that social media platforms have demonstrated significant resistance to the policy, fearing it might establish a global precedent that other nations could emulate.

    The comprehensive ban, which targets ten major platforms including Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Threads, TikTok, X, YouTube, Reddit, Kick, and Twitch, represents the world’s most stringent youth protection legislation. Unlike similar measures elsewhere, Australia’s framework notably excludes parental approval exemptions, setting a new benchmark for digital child safety regulations.

    Government data indicates substantial compliance, with approximately 4.7 million accounts identified as belonging to minors already deactivated. Commissioner Inman Grant characterized children as an “incredibly lucrative” demographic for social media corporations, noting that platforms originally designed for adults incorporate addictive features that make youth protection particularly challenging.

    Despite initial concerns about potential migration to alternative platforms or circumvention through age verification manipulation, early monitoring data suggests these scenarios have not materialized significantly. The regulatory body maintains a vigilant stance, preparing to issue additional compliance notices to companies including Snapchat, with non-compliance carrying potential penalties reaching A$49.5 million.

    The international community watches closely as the United Kingdom considers parallel legislation, with the House of Lords recently endorsing similar restrictions through amendments to educational legislation. While technology firms like Meta acknowledge the need for enhanced youth protection measures, they contest the blanket ban approach, advocating instead for app store-level age verification systems.

    Legal challenges have emerged, with Reddit mounting a constitutional challenge in Australia’s High Court despite complying with the regulations, arguing the policy infringes upon privacy and political rights. The government remains resolute, with Communications Minister Anika Wells affirming that Australia “will not be intimidated by big tech” in protecting children’s digital wellbeing.

  • Panelists: China, US lean toward practical risk control

    Panelists: China, US lean toward practical risk control

    DAVOS, Switzerland – Leading international relations experts assembled at the World Economic Forum on Wednesday identified a significant pragmatic shift in U.S.-China relations, with both global powers increasingly prioritizing practical risk management over ideological confrontation.

    During a panel titled “US and China: Where Will They Land?” prominent scholars and diplomats highlighted how recent economic tensions have driven both nations toward establishing stronger communication channels and crisis guardrails. This development follows a period of escalated trade tensions that saw the U.S. implement substantial tariffs on Chinese goods, prompting retaliatory measures from Beijing before both parties reached a temporary truce through five rounds of high-level negotiations.

    Harvard University’s Graham Allison, who originated the concept of the “Thucydides Trap” describing how rising powers can trigger conflict with established ones, cautioned against interpreting current easing tensions as a permanent resolution. “A landing point, as if we had a permanent place to land, is not likely,” Allison stated, noting that the relationship has evolved into one of “mutual deterrence” where both recognize their capacity to inflict significant harm on each other.

    Australian Ambassador to the U.S. Kevin Rudd emphasized that the central challenge lies not in seeking a final endpoint but in constructing practical mechanisms to manage strategic competition while minimizing risks of crisis, conflict, and war. He identified three critical flashpoints that will determine the global order: tariffs, technology, and Taiwan.

    University of Southern California law professor Angela Huyue Zhang expressed measured optimism for 2026, citing three stabilizing factors: Washington’s recognition that containment strategies have inadvertently accelerated China’s technological advancement, both nations’ identification of mutual vulnerabilities during last year’s trade war, and neither side having appetite for further instability.

    U.S. Senator Christopher Coons noted bipartisan support for “clear-eyed engagement” with China while acknowledging serious security tensions, particularly regarding artificial intelligence. He highlighted the pressing need for improved military communication channels to reduce misunderstanding risks.

    Chinese scholar Zhao Hai from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences challenged the prevailing “tech war” narrative, arguing that AI represents a shared challenge requiring bilateral regulation rather than containment. He advocated for formal, multilevel mechanisms to regulate U.S.-China ties, emphasizing that continuous dialogue between leaders remains crucial for maintaining bilateral stability.

  • Vietnam’s leader returns to power with bold promises. Can he deliver?

    Vietnam’s leader returns to power with bold promises. Can he deliver?

    HANOI – Vietnam’s political landscape has entered a definitive new chapter following the conclusion of the Communist Party Congress, which reconfirmed To Lam as General Secretary for a second five-year term. The assembly of nearly 1,600 delegates concluded ahead of schedule on Friday, a move interpreted by observers as either indicating strong consensus or effectively subdued opposition to Lam’s increasingly centralized authority.

    Professor Edmund Malesky of Duke University characterized the development as “the strongest concentration of power in one individual that I’ve seen since 1991,” highlighting the unprecedented nature of Lam’s political control.

    Since assuming leadership 18 months ago following the death of his predecessor Nguyen Phu Trong, Lam has orchestrated a remarkable pivot from his previous role as head of Vietnam’s powerful Ministry of Public Security, where he led extensive anti-corruption campaigns. Upon reaching the apex of power, he unveiled sweeping economic reforms described as the most ambitious in four decades.

    The cornerstone of Lam’s vision emerged through Resolution 68, ratified by the Politburo in May last year, which officially designated the private sector as “the most important driving force of the national economy.” This marked a significant ideological shift in officially socialist Vietnam, where state-owned enterprises have traditionally been celebrated as the economy’s foundation.

    The resolution established breathtaking targets: double-digit annual growth, doubling private businesses by 2030, and transforming Vietnam into an upper-income, knowledge-based economy by 2045 – the centenary of independence from French colonial rule. Central to this strategy is cultivating “leading cranes” – privately-owned national champions capable of global competition.

    Currently, Vietnam’s economic structure presents substantial challenges. Despite three decades of impressive growth and poverty reduction, state-owned enterprises still account for 29% of GDP through 671 entities that enjoy preferential access to licenses, funding, and resources. Meanwhile, most private companies remain small-scale, with only 2% employing over 200 people.

    The reform agenda faces complications from recent political developments. Resolution 79, passed earlier this month, seemingly walked back private sector prioritization by declaring state-owned enterprises could also serve as “leading geese” and setting ambitious targets for their regional dominance.

    Vietnam’s economic model faces external challenges as well. The country’s export-dependent manufacturing economy, particularly vulnerable to U.S. tariff policies under the Trump administration, relies heavily on foreign investment, technology, and markets. Lam himself acknowledged this vulnerability in January last year, questioning Vietnam’s position at the “lowest end of the value chain.”

    The development of national champions illustrates both promise and pitfalls. While technology firm FPT has achieved international contracts with companies like Airbus, conglomerate Vingroup exemplifies the challenges of global expansion. Despite dominating Vietnam’s domestic market through extensive political connections, its Vinfast electric vehicle subsidiary has struggled internationally, reportedly losing approximately $11 billion since 2021 while failing to gain traction in U.S. and European markets.

    Nguyen Khac Giang of the ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute in Singapore warned: “The main challenge remains unchanged: how to create globally competitive firms without spawning politically-connected rent-seekers. To Lam’s approach risks replacing one form of rent-seeking with another.”

    As Lam consolidates power, his administration must navigate fraught international relations while addressing fundamental structural economic challenges. Vietnam’s renowned “bamboo diplomacy” – maintaining friendships with all and enmity with none – faces severe tests in the emerging Trump II era, particularly given the country’s exceptional reliance on U.S. market access.