The ancient Chinese tradition of fireworks celebration has evolved into a spectacular fusion of cultural heritage and technological innovation, with Liuyang, Hunan province at its epicenter. This Spring Festival, international visitors like Australian YouTuber Jasminia Gough experienced the breathtaking displays firsthand, capturing the magical moments when entire cities transform into theaters of light and sound at midnight celebrations.
The pyrotechnic legacy dates back to 621 AD when Li Tian from modern-day Liuyang invented firecrackers to ward off evil spirits. Over fourteen centuries, this tradition has developed into a sophisticated industry that combines 72 traditional procedures with cutting-edge technology. The city’s expertise has earned it national intangible cultural heritage status in 2006 and global recognition through record-breaking performances.
Recent technological advancements have propelled Liuyang fireworks to new heights. The October 2025 presentation of ‘Tree of Life’ featuring 7,496 fireworks synchronized with 15,947 drones secured two Guinness World Records. More recently, a stunning display of 2,000 drones forming a winged horse over Liuyang’s Sky Theater dazzled 200,000 spectators during the Lunar New Year celebrations.
The industry has simultaneously addressed modern concerns through innovation. Companies like Liuyang Runting Fireworks Group have developed sulfur dioxide-free materials, while Dancing Fireworks researches reduced-smoke formulations. These advancements have facilitated international expansion, with displays now illuminating skies from the United Arab Emirates to North America.
Economically, the fireworks industry has become a significant growth driver for Liuyang, hosting 145 shows since July 2023 that attracted 8 million visitors and generated over 20 billion yuan ($2.89 billion) in local revenue. During the recent Spring Festival alone, Liuyang’s leading companies staged more than 500 shows nationwide, setting new records in both scale and economic impact.