A groundbreaking international study led by Chinese researchers has unveiled alarming evidence that prolonged and intensified droughts are pushing global grassland ecosystems toward collapse. Published in the prestigious journal Science, the research involved collaboration among scientists from Beijing Forestry University and over 120 institutions, including Colorado State University in the United States. The study meticulously tracked plant growth across 74 grasslands and shrublands spanning six continents during periods of drought. The findings reveal that the combined impact of drought intensity and duration significantly exacerbates productivity losses in these ecosystems. Notably, after four consecutive years of extreme drought, productivity losses surged by approximately 2.5 times compared to the initial year. This suggests that ecosystems may transition from a state of low yield to a rapid and irreversible decline if climate change continues to worsen drought conditions. The study underscores the growing concern that future climate extremes will increasingly disrupt ecosystems in unprecedented and troubling ways. According to Bianca Lopez, an editor at Science, the research provides a critical benchmark for understanding the relationship between drought severity, duration, and ecosystem health. The study’s peer reviewers also emphasized its importance in establishing a foundation for future investigations into the impacts of climate change on global ecosystems.