分类： society

In an era dominated by digital devices, the act of handwriting has become increasingly rare. However, research reveals that handwriting engages the brain more extensively than typing, fostering intricate motor skills and enhanced visual processing. This practice not only influences our thinking and creativity but also offers a unique way to express ourselves and generate new ideas. One of the oldest and most profound forms of handwriting is Chinese calligraphy, a practice that has transcended centuries, blending cultural, philosophical, and artistic elements. Chinese calligraphy, with its emphasis on brushstrokes and composition, values both the inked and the empty spaces on the scroll, symbolizing balance and harmony. The tools of calligraphy—a soft brush, Xuan paper, and ink—are simple, yet the art demands a clear mind, sincerity, humility, and self-restraint. As generative AI takes over more writing tasks, there is a growing concern that humans are becoming disconnected from their creative ideas. The multi-sensory experience of handwritten calligraphy fosters a deeper connection with the writer’s emotions and surroundings, promoting patient introspection and grounding the practitioner in the physical world. This practice offers lasting benefits for our often overwhelmed and restless minds. Writers like Nicholas Carr and Aden Evens highlight the ongoing rewiring of our minds due to excessive online engagement, which can diminish attention spans and deep-reading abilities, leading to superficial information processing. Artist and author James Bridle warns of the dangers of tech-dependency and over-reliance on automated systems, which can blind us to bias and bad data. Ink artist Pan Jianfeng, based in Finland, has embraced handwriting with a brush as a modern pursuit of self-cultivation and creative freedom. Through his experimental use of paper and brush, Pan invites us to reconsider the meaning of ‘content generation,’ ‘human creativity,’ and ‘communication.’ His artworks, created with traditional organic materials, engage with concepts beyond our expectations and imagination, without adding to the environmental burden of generative AI. Pan’s ‘One Breath Workshops’ advocate for mindful handwriting that brings stillness and peace in an age saturated with information. His exhibitions, such as ‘Ink Roamings,’ encourage visitors to engage in imaginative discovery and contemplation, fostering a deeper understanding of the world and each other. As Pan aptly puts it, ‘We don’t need more content—we need a better understanding of the world with all its challenges, and of each other.’

For Iranians, the changing seasons bring not just weather shifts but also recurring energy crises. Scorching summers are plagued by rolling blackouts, while freezing winters are marked by toxic smog from burning low-grade fuel in power plants. These challenges are symptomatic of Iran’s chronic electricity imbalance, a structural crisis that has evolved into a significant economic and public welfare burden. Despite a nominal installed capacity of 94 gigawatts, Iran’s power grid is in systemic decay. Aging thermal plants, over-reliance on natural gas, recurring droughts crippling hydropower, and soaring demand have created a persistent gap between capacity and reliable output. This crisis is further exacerbated by geopolitical isolation, which hampers access to international finance and technology. A comparative analysis reveals Iran’s underperformance in electricity generation, lagging behind industrial economies and even Gulf neighbors. To address this, a four-point recovery plan has been proposed, emphasizing international contracts, budgetary realignment, fuel mix reformation, and regional power exchange agreements. However, the success of these measures hinges on resolving Iran’s geopolitical standoff with the West, as domestic reforms alone are insufficient. Without a sustainable solution, Iran risks further economic isolation, technological backwardness, and continued degradation of public health and industrial competitiveness.

Dan Wang’s forthcoming book, ‘Breakneck: China’s Quest to Engineer the Future,’ provides a groundbreaking perspective on the contrasting governance styles of China and the United States, as well as the barriers to mutual understanding between the two superpowers. Published by W.W. Norton & Company in 2025, the book merges Wang’s economic analysis from his years in China (2017–2023) with his personal experiences as a Canadian of Chinese descent educated in the US. Wang’s unique background allows him to offer a balanced view of the two nations, free from the hostility that often characterizes their relationship. He describes China as an ‘engineering state,’ driven by rapid construction and technological advancement, while portraying the US as a ‘lawyerly society,’ marked by legal obstructionism. Wang argues that both countries are deeply flawed yet fundamentally alike in their ambition and restlessness. Through vivid anecdotes, such as his cycling trip through Guizhou, Wang highlights China’s rapid modernization and cultural richness. He also critiques the inefficiencies of the US legal system, using the stalled California high-speed rail project as a case study. Wang’s work calls for mutual curiosity and a new lens to understand the China-US rivalry, moving beyond outdated ideological labels. ‘Breakneck’ is set to release on August 26, 2025.

In a significant move to combat China’s declining birth rate, the central government announced a new childcare subsidy on July 28, 2025. Families will receive 3,000 yuan ($417.76) annually for each child under three years old. This initiative follows the recent unveiling of plans to provide free preschool education nationwide, marking a shift from previous years when local authorities primarily handled such policies. Despite various local efforts, including cash incentives and housing subsidies, the national birth rate has continued to decline, with China’s population shrinking for the third consecutive year in 2024. The aging population and shrinking workforce pose long-term challenges for economic growth, healthcare, and pension systems. While some regions have seen slight increases in birth rates due to local policies, the overall impact remains minimal. The high cost of raising children, gender inequality, and structural issues like expensive housing and childcare shortages continue to deter many from starting families. The new measures reflect Beijing’s recognition of the urgency of the situation, but reversing the fertility decline may prove difficult, as seen in other countries like South Korea. To truly address the issue, comprehensive cultural and structural changes are needed, alongside financial support.

Recent reports in Western media have painted a dramatic picture of China’s alleged ‘crackdown’ on the ‘boys’ love’ (BL) genre, a popular form of online fiction. However, a closer examination reveals a more nuanced reality. While Western outlets have framed the issue as a nationwide suppression of ‘gay erotica,’ Chinese media, such as the respected Southern Weekly, have highlighted localized law enforcement actions, particularly in Lanzhou and Jixi county, targeting individuals accused of profiting from obscene material. The narrative of a sweeping crackdown appears exaggerated, as these incidents are not representative of a broader national policy. Instead, they reflect specific legal disputes and jurisdictional challenges. The BL genre, which features romantic or erotic relationships between men, is primarily written by and for heterosexual women, complicating the characterization of it as ‘gay erotica.’ Scholars argue that the genre often presents an idealized version of male homosexuality, distinct from the lived experiences of gay men. In China, the genre’s popularity has inadvertently increased visibility for the LGBTQ+ community, but its conflation with homosexuality has also led to misunderstandings. The arrests of BL writers are more likely tied to China’s strict obscenity laws and its efforts to regulate the lucrative online literature industry, which generates billions in revenue. While Western media often portrays such actions as homophobic, the reality is more complex, involving economic, ideological, and legal factors. The disappearance of high-profile cases from public discourse further underscores the challenges of understanding censorship in China.

China is implementing a dual approach to transform its spirits sector, prohibiting civil servants from drinking at official events while encouraging the public to consume alcohol during family gatherings. This strategy aims to curb corruption and reduce public expenses while fostering a healthier drinking culture among citizens. The central government first introduced the alcohol ban for civil servants in 2012 to improve their public image and limit extravagant spending. However, many officials found loopholes, rescheduling drinking sessions to dinners or private gatherings, often funded by businesspeople offering expensive spirits as gifts. This practice led to corruption and disciplinary issues. A recent incident in Inner Mongolia highlighted the severity of the problem. Wei Shuanshi, a senior official, hosted a dinner where excessive drinking led to the death of a colleague from alcohol poisoning. The incident prompted stricter enforcement of the alcohol ban, with the State Council and the CCP Central Committee announcing new rules prohibiting civil servants from drinking or smoking during work-related events. Officials must now seek approval for meal receptions and avoid unnecessary private gatherings. The new regulations have impacted the spirits market, causing significant stock declines for major brands like Kweichow Moutai and Wuliangye Yibin. However, the rules have also been criticized for their overzealous implementation, with local governments penalizing even harmless social interactions, harming the catering industry. To address this, state media clarified the guidelines, distinguishing between corrupt practices and everyday social drinking. Analysts suggest that while the alcohol ban targets civil servants, younger consumers and the general public can sustain the spirits market. Brands are adapting by launching lower-alcohol products to appeal to younger drinkers. Despite a decline in spirits production, the industry has seen modest revenue growth, indicating resilience amid regulatory changes.